Gas compressor

About: Gas compressor is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 91817 publications have been published within this topic receiving 552209 citations.

The Response of Axial Flow Compressors to Intake Flow Distortion

Abstract: The response of a lift engine model compressor to inlet pressure distortion is studied in detail to determine the nature and extent of the critical area of spoiling. This is found to be a sector of width between 60 and 90 deg. On this basis a simple distortion index is proposed which implies that only the circumferential pressure gradients of a complex distortion pattern are significant. The “Parallel Compressor” model satisfactorily explains surge and this experience is related to different types of compressors and to complex spoiling patterns. Comments are made on the differences in behavior between compressors operating on rig test and in engines.Copyright © 1969 by ASME

Design Considerations for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Brayton Cycles With Recompression

Abstract: Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCO2) Brayton cycles have the potential to offer improved thermal-to-electric conversion efficiency for utility scale electricity production. These cycles have generated considerable interest in recent years because of this potential and are being considered for a range of applications, including nuclear and concentrating solar power (CSP). Two promising SCO2 power cycle variations are the simple Brayton cycle with recuperation and the recompression cycle. The models described in this paper are appropriate for the analysis and optimization of both cycle configurations under a range of design conditions. The recuperators in the cycle are modeled assuming a constant heat exchanger conductance value, which allows for computationally efficient optimization of the cycle’s design parameters while accounting for the rapidly varying fluid properties of carbon dioxide near its critical point. Representing the recuperators using conductance, rather than effectiveness, allows for a more appropriate comparison among design-point conditions because a larger conductance typically corresponds more directly to a physically larger and higher capital cost heat exchanger. The model is used to explore the relationship between recuperator size and heat rejection temperature of the cycle, specifically in regard to maximizing thermal efficiency. The results presented in this paper are normalized by net power output and may be applied to cycles of any size. Under the design conditions considered for this analysis, results indicate that increasing the design high-side (compressor outlet) pressure does not always correspond to higher cycle thermal efficiency. Rather, there is an optimal compressor outlet pressure that is dependent on the recuperator size and operating temperatures of the cycle and is typically in the range of 30–35 MPa. Model results also indicate that the efficiency degradation associated with warmer heat rejection temperatures (e.g., in dry-cooled applications) are reduced by increasing the compressor inlet pressure. Because the optimal design of a cycle depends upon a number of application-specific variables, the model presented in this paper is available online and is envisioned as a building block for more complex and specific simulations. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4027936]

Using Hydrogen as Gas Turbine Fuel

Abstract: This paper addresses the possibility to burn hydrogen in a large size, heavy–duty gas turbine designed to run on natural gas, as a possible short-term measure to reduce greenhouse emissions of the power industry. The process used to produce hydrogen is not discussed here: we mainly focus on the behavior of the gas turbine, by analyzing the main operational aspects related to switching from natural gas to hydrogen. We will consider the effects of variations of volume flow rate and of thermo-physical properties on the matching between turbine and compressor and on the blade cooling of the hot rows of the gas turbine. In the analysis we will keep into account that those effects are largely emphasized by the abundant dilution of the fuel by inert gases (steam or nitrogen), necessary to control the NOx emissions. Three strategies will be considered to adapt the original machine, designed to run on natural gas, to operate properly with diluted hydrogen (VGV operations, increased pressure ratio, re-engineered machine). The performance analysis, carried out by a calculation method including a detailed model the cooled gas turbine expansion, shows that moderate efficiency decays can be predicted with elevated dilution rates (nitrogen is preferable to steam under this point of view). The combined cycle power output substantially increases if not controlled by VGV operations. It represents an opportunity if some moderate re-design is accepted (turbine blade height modifications or HP compressor stages addition).© 2003 ASME

Klystron instability of a relativistic electron beam in a bunch compressor

Abstract: In this paper, we consider a klystron-like mechanism of amplification of parasitic density modulations in an electron bunch passing a magnetic bunch compressor. Analytical expressions are derived for the small-signal gain. The effect of wakefields in front of the bunch compressor is analyzed by using a model of linear compression which assumes linear correlated energy chirp and linear dependence of a path length on energy deviation. Analysis of the density modulation growth due to coherent synchrotron radiation inside bends of the magnetic bunch compressor is done for the simplified case of no correlated energy chirp (no compression). Analytical results of this paper can be used for benchmarking numerical simulation codes.