Showing papers on "Gas metal arc welding published in 1976"

Arc-assisted oxy/hydrogen welding

Abstract: This invention relates to welding, brazing or the like utilizing a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen generated in substantially stoichiometric proportions in an electrolytic cell by electrical dissociation of water, the mixture so generated being passed from the generator through a flashback arrestor and thence to a burner where the gases are ignited. The invention also relates to atomic welding in which the above mentioned mixture is passed through an arc causing dissociation of both the hydrogen and oxygen into atomic hydrogen and oxygen which on recombination generate an intensely hot flame.

Arc welding process

Abstract: An arc welding process having a welding arc generated between a consumable electrode and the materials to be welded and a welding torch is oscillated along the welding joint line, wherein the arc length is longer when the welding torch is located at the forward side of the oscillation than when the welding torch is located at the backward side of the oscillation with respect to the weld advancing direction, whereby sufficient penetration is obtained.

Fused flux for submerged arc welding

Abstract: PURPOSE:To form weld metal having high toughness without degrading the refiring characteristics of arcs by controlling the compsn of a fused flux for submerged arc welding adequately and coarsening the grain sizes thereof CONSTITUTION:In order to decrease the content of oxygen in weld metal and to improve toughness in submerged arc welding, the partial pressure of gaseous F in an arc atmosphere is increased by contg CaF2 in the flux used whereby containing of O2 in weld metal is prevented The flux to be used for said purpose is formulated to contain 5-25% SiO2, 05-15% MnO, 5-25% CaO, 5- 20% MgO, 2-20% Al2O3, 2-10% TiO2, 1-5% BaO, 20-60% CaF2, to contain 01-15% B2O3 if necessary, and to contain (CaO+MgO)/SiO2 at 15-30 ratio Such flux is used at grain sizes coarser than 200 meshes specified in ASTM Welding is accomplished with the stable arcs without degrading the refiring characteristics of the arcs owing to an increase in the content of CaF2

Titanium or zirconium reduction process by arc heater

Abstract: A process for reducing a metal from a metal halide characterized by the steps of feeding into the arc heated stream of an arc heater a quantity of a reactant metal such as an alkali or alkaline-earth metal, feeding into the arc stream a quantity of a metal halide, which metal has a melting point higher than the boiling point of the co-product salt formed by reduction of the metal, the co-products being a liquid elemental metal and a gaseous salt, projecting the co-products into a reaction chamber tangentially to cause the liquid metal to separate centrifugally from the lighter, gaseous salt, and depositing the liquid metal in an associated receptacle.

Maraging stainless steel welding electrode

Abstract: Nickel-chromium-silicon steel electrode for arc welding provides maraging stainless steel weld deposits having desirable strength, toughness and corrosion resistance in age-hardened condition. Electrode arc can be shielded with inert gas or with lime-cryolite-titania flux containing specially controlled proportions of manganese.

Inert gas welding

Abstract: Welding apparatus for inert gas shielded arc welding comprising a welding gun for holding and controlling a non-consumable electrode and including means for supplying inert gas to the welding arc region by way of a gas cup surrounding but spaced from such an electrode when positioned in the gun, the welding gun being further provided with an extended gas shielding wall arrangement protruding a substantial distance beyond the gas cup and capable, either by itself or in combination with a narrow gap weld preparation, of substantially enclosing an electrode in the gun, except for its tip, when the electrode is protruding for a similar distance beyond the gas cup.

High efficiency arc welding process and apparatus

Abstract: A high efficiency arc welding process and apparatus wherein an arc is generated between an electrode and plates to be welded, the welding electrode is oscillated, and the direction of the arc is oscillated by a magnetic force in synchronism with the oscillation of the welding electrode so that the arc is directed to the groove face of each plate to be welded.

New process combines plasma with gma welding

Abstract: A process of gas metal-arc welding in a thermally ionized gas is described in which the filler metal is fed along the axis of a plasma stream to the workpiece Two of the most important electrode arrangements that can be employed with this process are discussed The electrical properties and the flexibility of gas metal-arc and plasma-GMA welding are compared Data on deposition rate, welding, speed, penetration and wetting-in are determined Finally, a number of possible applications and some already achieved are described

Overhead submerged arc welding process

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an overhead submerged arc welding process wherein a flux for the submerged arc welding is supplied from the underside of the welding line while at the same time a consumable electrode is supplied from the underside of the welding line, the process being characterized by maintaining the interrelationship between a flux supply cylinder and the plates to be welded such that the length from the under surfaces of the plates to be welded to the upper end of the open flux supply cylinder and the diameter D of the opening at the end of the flux supply cylinder is represented by the formula 2≦D/I≦15.

Method of welding and electrode therefore

Abstract: An electrode for and method of welding cast iron and the like metals utilizing a 99% nickel rod in the presence of an alloying flux containing large amounts (30 to 60%) of iron plus manganese and carbon to yield a weld metal having the general composition: Nickel 60-85%, Iron 15-40%, Manganese 1.5-5%, Carbon 1-3% and Silicon 0.25-2%. The flux is preferably present as a rod coating and comprises from about 40% to about 60% of the weight of the composite coated rod. The coated rod can be used in any generally excepted welding technique including the use of alternating current, direct current straight polarity or direct current reverse polarity welding operations.

DC arc furnace having a rotating arc

Abstract: A DC electric arc furnace with a furnace enclosure having a hearth containing a melt and with an arcing electrode forming an arc with the melt and made to angularly deflect and rotate by magnetic means forming a rotating magnetic field in the enclosure, is provided with means for sensing areas of the enclosure receiving a maximum intensity of arc radiation because of an asymmetrical charge in the furnace, this sensing means controlling the speed of rotation of the arc so that the arc rotates faster while directing its arc flare at these areas receiving maximum radiation.

Machine for welding aluminum to aluminum

Abstract: A method of welding aluminum to aluminum by thermal resistance welding, providing good electrical and mechanical characteristics. The method uses special electrodes for thermal heat that are hard and have a high electrical resistance, such as molybdenum or tungsten alloy and also relies on the aluminum oxide coating on the aluminum to provide the desired resistance heating of the aluminum to cause welding of the aluminum material. The machine disclosed provides a means for securing aluminum leads to the start and finish end of an aluminum winding automatically and simultaneously.

Method for measuring the extent of shielding function of an arc atmosphere and an arc welding machine including a nitrogen oxide measuring device measuring the extent of shielding function

Abstract: The extent of shielding function of an arc atmosphere is measured by the concentration of nitrogen oxide in the arc atmosphere. The concentration of nitrogen oxide in the arc atmosphere is measured by a nitrogen oxide measuring device. The measured value is indicated by an indicator. When the measured value exceeds a predetermined reference value, an alarm device is operated or a welding operation is stopped. Either a supply of shielding gas which forms an arc atmosphere is controlled, or a flow of fume is controlled through a fume exhaust device, as a function of the measured value.

Low hydrogen welding electrodes

Abstract: An improved welding electrode for producing weld metal having low amounts of hydrogen therein so that hydrogen-assisted cracking in the weld zone is minimized. This is especially beneficial for welding high strength steels having tensile strengths of about 70,000 psi and above. The electrode has a filler wire core and a flux covering of predetermined constituents and low moisture levels such as below about 0.6 percent. The flux is bound together with a binder of hydrolyzed organic silicate (silica) which makes no substantial contribution to the moisture level of the covering and which also makes the covering resistant to hygroscopic moisture pickup before the electrode is used for welding. Thus, this binder minimizes the amount of hydrogen from any moisture in the covering which may be introduced into the weld metal during welding. Additionally, the flux covering contains a source of barium or cesium in an amount effective to reduce the slag/metal reaction temperature during welding. By so reducing this temperature, the amount of hydrogen actually introduced into the weld metal from the electrode covering and binder is minimized. This reduction of the slag/metal reaction temperature during welding has been found to have the additional advantage of reducing the amount of oxygen in the weld metal. This provides increased impact properties for the weld metal.

Welding of laminations of core-plated silicon steel

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to apparatus for and a method of joining a plurality of laminations of electric steel, which are individually core-plated for electrical insulation purposes, to form a laminate structure used in the manufacture of electrical machinery. Joinder of the laminations is accomplished with the laminations in face-to-face relation and arc welding a bead transverse to the stacked lamination edges. To avoid porosity in the weld bead, the arc welding process uses microwire having a diameter of no greater than about 0.050 inches in a moving welding head that maintains the microwire in close proximity to the welding surface. The operating voltage of the arc welding apparatus is controlled to produce an operating welding current of no more than about 170 amperes. The effect of using microwire of such size under such an operating current prevents overheating and degradation of the coreplate, and results in a proper deposition of a strong, non-porous weld bead.

Arc welding apparatus and method

Abstract: An arc welding apparatus and method is described which includes a guide nozzle surrounding a non-consumable electrode and a shielding nozzle disposed outside the guide nozzle so as to feed a protecting inert gas about the electrode from a position within the guide nozzle and to feed a shielding carbon dioxide gas or a mixture of carbon dioxide gas and oxygen or other inert gas from a position within the shielding nozzle, whereby the electrode is protected by means of the guide nozzle and the protecting gas supplied therethrough and the outer portion of the arc is cooled to restrict the radial extent thereof by the shielding gas, while a deoxidizing reaction with the melted metal may be performed by means of the carbon dioxide gas and a deoxidizing agent within a welding rod when the latter is employed between the electrode and a base metal, or in the vicinity of the welding arc.

Method for controlling the shape of a molten pool in gas shield arc welding

Abstract: A method is disclosed in which gas shield arc welding is carried out while applying a gas at a higher pressure than the shield gas to the rear part of the surface of molten metal during welding. By this method, welding proceeds while the molten pool is being maintained in the desirable shape, and the welding can be performed at high currents and speeds without causing bead defects such as undercut formation or humping.

High current density submerged arc welding with twin electrodes

Abstract: It is shown that the twin electrode high current density submerged arc system is superior to conventional single arc systems owing to its higher deposition rates, higher travel speeds, lower heat inputs, and lower power consumption per pound of weld metal. In addition, this system can nearly match in many areas the speed and deposition rate of tandem arc installations with only about one-half the capital equipment cost.

High-current graphite cathode free-burning arcs

Abstract: Ultra-high-current arcs (I<25 kA) have been studied under pulsed (10–20ms duration) laboratory conditions in order to indicate the energy transfer processes which will be of importance in a.c. arc furnaces. Measurements have been obtained of a number of the fundamental parameters of free-burning arcs having truncated conical graphite cathodes. Total arc voltage and arc current were measured, the results indicating a high degree of arc stability. This stability, which was confirmed by a high-speed photographic survey, enabled the axial electric field to be determined from probe measurements of the voltage distribution within the arc gap. Column radiation losses also were found as a function of axial position and time, and the importance of radiation losses as a power-dissipation mechanism was examined both locally, i.e. axially, and for the total gap. Comparisons of these various measurements with those of other workers are made, with particular reference to laboratory arc furnace studies. The importance of axial convection arising from magnetic pumping at the cathode may be inferred, in agreement with the findings of studies at lower current levels.

Selecting submerged arc fluxes for carbon and low alloy steels

Abstract: Selection of welding fluxes for steels used in nuclear steam generators and other structures is discussed. Information is included on welding machinery components, and on flux behavior, slag-metal interactions, fleet effects on electrodes, and electrode and flux selection. (JRD)

Device for plasma-MIG welding

Abstract: A device for plasma-MIG welding comprising a welding torch provided with a non-consumable electrode and a supply of a welding wire, the non-consumable electrode being connected to a first power supply source having a drooping voltage characteristic and the welding wire being connected to a second power supply source having a constant voltage characteristic, the first power supply source being connected in series with the second power supply source, thereby improving the stability of the plasma arc.

Flux for the submerged arc welding of ordinary, semi-alloyed or special steels

Abstract: Flux for welding ordinary, semi-alloyed, alloyed or special steels with a high rate of efficiency and high rate of speed and containing a relatively high amount of Fe powder.

Method for welding lead wires together

Abstract: A method for welding lead wires together by twisting into a strand a plurality of lead wires of electrical parts or the like, producing an arc between the strand and a carbon electrode, thereby melting and welding the strand by the heat from the arc to obtain a weld of high quality.

Direct current arc furnace with charging means

Abstract: A DC arc furnace has a hearth formed with an extension in which a melt-contact electrode is positioned, and has an arcing electrode laterally spaced from this contact electrode. This results in the formation of an arc that is oblique in a direction facing away from the contact electrode. To prevent the arc from being excessively destructive with respect to the furnace vessel's side wall toward which the arc was directed, furnace charging material, in particulate form, is continuously fed to a melt in the furnace, as a flow directed into the arc foot spot formed by the oblique arc, resulting in a maximum efficiency of energy absorption of the normally cold charging material and at the same time, via the charged material, shading the lining of the furnace vessel from an attack by the arc.