Topic
Gas metal arc welding
About: Gas metal arc welding is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11706 publications have been published within this topic receiving 109555 citations. The topic is also known as: metal active gas welding & GMAW.
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01 Jun 1996-Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B-process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science
TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted on dilution of single pass arc welds of type 308 stainless steel filler metal deposited onto A36 carbon steel by the plasma arc welding, gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), gas metal arc welding(GMAW), and submerged are welding (SAW) processes.
Abstract: A study was conducted on dilution of single pass arc welds of type 308 stainless steel filler metal deposited onto A36 carbon steel by the plasma arc welding (PAW), gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), gas metal arc welding (GMAW), and submerged are welding (SAW) processes. Knowledge of the arc and melting efficiency was used in a simple energy balance to develop an expression for dilution as a function of welding variables and thermophysical properties of the filler metal and substrate. Comparison of calculated and experimentally determined dilution values shows the approach provides reasonable predictions of dilution when the melting efficiency can be accurately predicted. The conditions under which such accuracy is obtained are discussed. A diagram is developed from the dilution equation which readily reveals the effect of processing parameters on dilution to aid in parameter optimization.
71 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the electrode tip angle on both arc and weld pool was investigated by applying a variable cathode surface area, and it was found that the anode spot at the weld pool surface tended to be more localized, which led to a higher maximum heat flux and anode current density.
Abstract: By developing mathematical models for the arc and the weld pool in the GTAW process, the effect of the electrode tip angle on both arc and weld pool was studied. The present paper is concerned with the model for the arc. By applying a variable cathode surface area, the effect of the electrode tip angle (in the range of 10 to ) on the arc properties, especially on the anode current density, heat flux and gas shear stress over the weld pool, was investigated. Comparison of the calculated results with the available experimental data for 200 A arcs of different lengths showed that the model predictions for temperatures higher than 10 000 K are in very good agreement. For temperatures less than 10 000 K, some modifications were necessary to take into account the absorption of heat by the cooler parts of the arc. It was found that by increasing the electrode tip angle, the anode spot at the weld pool surface tended to be more localized. This led to a higher maximum heat flux and anode current density. On the other hand, the gas shear stress increased on decreasing the electrode tip angle.
71 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The pulsed gas metal arc welding (GMAW-P) process was modeled numerically using a code based on the volume of fluid (VOF) technique, chosen primarily for its ability to accurately calculate the shape and motion of free fluid surfaces as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The pulsed gas metal arc welding (GMAW-P) process was modeled numerically using a code based on the volume of fluid (VOF) technique, chosen primarily for its ability to accurately calculate the shape and motion of free fluid surfaces, which is needed for subsequent study of welding phenomena such as bead hump formation, incomplete fusion in narrow groove welds, and weld toe geometry. According to the mathematical models with parameters obtained from analysis of high-speed video images and data acquisition (DAQ) system, GMAW-P was simulated and then validated by comparison of measured and predicted weld deposit geometry, transient radius, and temperature history. Based on the weld simulation parameters, a parametric study of weld simulation was performed to demonstrate and understand the effectiveness of individual simulation parameters on heat and fluid flow in the molten weld pool and the final configuration of stationary welds. Constricted current density drastically increased the weld penetration and decreased the weld radius, primarily by reducing the convexity of the weld deposit and promoting heat transfer to the bottom of the weld pool. Conversely, decreased arc force and increased arc pressure radius both decreased the weld penetration for the same reason. Based on the understanding of weld pool spreading, GMAW-P was simulated with an additional heat source to demonstrate the utility of the simulation in predicting final weld shape in complex welding situations.
71 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an unsteady two-dimensional axisymmetric model was developed for investigating the heat and fluid flows in weld pools and determined the weld bead geometry, and the velocity and temperature profiles for the GMAW process.
71 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of the balance of current between the TIG and MIG arcs was investigated, which is most important in determining arc stability and arc penetration, and it was shown that the welding time can be reduced to 17 ~ 44 % of the time required using a conventional TIG process.
Abstract: Tungsten inert gas (TIG) and metal inert gas (MIG) welding are the most popular gas-shielded arc-welding processes used in many industrial fields. MIG welding is a high-efficiency process compared to TIG welding. However, improvements are needed to reduce spatter and improve weld metal toughness. Although pure argon shielding gas is desirable for weld metal toughness, MIG arcs are unstable in pure Ar to the extent that executing welding is difficult. We have found that MIG arcs become stable even using pure argon by simply using a hybrid TIG and MIG system. This process has the possibility of becoming a new welding process giving high quality and efficiency. In this study, we investigate the influence of the balance of current between the TIG and MIG arcs, which is most important in determining arc stability and arc penetration. We have confirmed the suitable range of conditions both experimentally and through numerical simulation and have applied this process for butt and fillet joints. We show that the welding time can be reduced to 17 ~ 44 % of the time required using a conventional TIG process.
71 citations