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Geographic routing

About: Geographic routing is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11687 publications have been published within this topic receiving 302224 citations.


Papers
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
05 Dec 1999
TL;DR: A new protocol, the flow oriented routing protocol (FORP), for routing real-time IPv6 flows in highly mobile ad hoc wireless networks with a new concept called "multi-hop handoff" to anticipate topological changes and perform rerouting, thus limiting the disruption of a flow due to the changing topology.
Abstract: In an ad hoc wireless network, mobile hosts are acting as routers and the network topology is constantly changing due to node mobility. The disruptions can cause serious degradation for real-time session. This paper describes a new protocol, the flow oriented routing protocol (FORP), for routing real-time IPv6 flows (e.g., voice and data) in highly mobile ad hoc wireless networks. A new concept called "multi-hop handoff" is introduced to anticipate topological changes and perform rerouting, thus limiting the disruption of a flow due to the changing topology. The performance of the proposed scheme is compared to other routing approaches.

212 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new metric is introduced that detects the quality of friendships between nodes accurately and defines the community of each node as the set of nodes having close friendship relations with this node either directly or indirectly.
Abstract: Routing in delay tolerant networks is a challenging problem due to the intermittent connectivity between nodes resulting in the frequent absence of end-to-end path for any source-destination pair at any given time. Recently, this problem has attracted a great deal of interest and several approaches have been proposed. Since Mobile Social Networks (MSNs) are increasingly popular type of Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs), making accurate analysis of social network properties of these networks is essential for designing efficient routing protocols. In this paper, we introduce a new metric that detects the quality of friendships between nodes accurately. Utilizing this metric, we define the community of each node as the set of nodes having close friendship relations with this node either directly or indirectly. We also present Friendship-Based Routing in which periodically differentiated friendship relations are used in forwarding of messages. Extensive simulations on both real and synthetic traces show that the introduced algorithm is more efficient than the existing algorithms.

211 citations

Patent
20 Apr 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, a packet network routing method and system based on geographic coordinate identifiers is described, each node in a network is uniquely identified by absolute geographical coordinates or by a code indicating absolute location in an external coordinate-based reference system (node coordinates), and such absolute geographic coordinates or the equivalent are employed as part of a packet identifier for each packet generated for use in making routing decisions.
Abstract: A packet network routing method and system based on geographic coordinate identifiers is described. Each node in a network is uniquely identified by absolute geographical coordinates or by a code indicating absolute location in an external coordinate-based reference system (node coordinates), and such absolute geographical coordinates or the equivalent are employed as part of a packet identifier for each packet generated for use in making routing decisions. The node coordinates of a local node and its neighboring nodes and the packet coordinates are used by means at each node through which a packet is routed for determining a desired forwarding route of a data packet. The routing may be prioritized according to preselected criteria, preferably achieving maximum forward progress using the least amount of power. The packet routing protocol according to the invention requires no routing directory or table to perform data routing.

209 citations

Patent
19 May 2005
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a method for routing data packets from a source to a destination in a wireless communication network comprising a plurality of nodes, wherein each node is in uplink-downlink association with at least one neighboring node, and each node comprises a registration table identifying all downlink nodes that are associated with the node.
Abstract: A method for routing data packets from a source to a destination in a wireless communication network comprising a plurality of nodes, wherein each node is in uplink-downlink association with at least one neighboring node, and wherein each node comprises a registration table identifying all downlink nodes that are associated with the node, the method comprising: sending an Open Stream message from a source node which specifies a destination node; and receiving the Open Stream message at the uplink node of the source node, wherein the uplink node relays the Open Stream message to the destination node if the destination node is registered in the registration table of the uplink node.

208 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
21 Mar 1999
TL;DR: The network routing messages exchanged between core Internet backbone routers are examined to show that as a result of specific router vendor software changes suggested by earlier analysis, the volume of Internet routing updates has decreased by an order of magnitude.
Abstract: This paper examines the network routing messages exchanged between core Internet backbone routers. Internet routing instability, or the rapid fluctuation of network reachability information, is an important problem currently facing the Internet engineering community. High levels of network instability can lead to packet loss, increased network latency and time to convergence. At the extreme, high levels of routing instability have led to the loss of internal connectivity in wide-area, national networks. In an earlier study of inter-domain routing, we described widespread, significant pathological behaviour in the routing information exchanged between backbone service providers at the major US public Internet exchange points. These pathologies included several orders of magnitude more routing updates in the Internet core than anticipated, large numbers of duplicate routing messages, and unexpected frequency components between routing instability events. The work described in this paper extends our earlier analysis by identifying the origins of several of these observed pathological Internet routing behaviour. We show that as a result of specific router vendor software changes suggested by our earlier analysis, the volume of Internet routing updates has decreased by an order of magnitude. We also describe additional router software changes that can decrease the volume of routing updates exchanged in the Internet core by an additional 30 percent or more. We conclude with a discussion of trends in the evolution of Internet architecture and policy that may lead to a rise in Internet routing instability.

207 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202330
202286
202133
202037
201952
201890