scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Geographic routing

About: Geographic routing is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 11687 publications have been published within this topic receiving 302224 citations.


Papers
More filters
Proceedings ArticleDOI
13 Mar 2005
TL;DR: This paper suggests that the base station be mobile; in this way, the nodes located close to it change over time and the obtained improvement in terms of network lifetime is in the order of 500%.
Abstract: Although many energy efficient/conserving routing protocols have been proposed for wireless sensor networks, the concentration of data traffic towards a small number of base stations remains a major threat to the network lifetime. The main reason is that the sensor nodes located near a base station have to relay data for a large part of the network and thus deplete their batteries very quickly. The solution we propose in this paper suggests that the base station be mobile; in this way, the nodes located close to it change over time. Data collection protocols can then be optimized by taking both base station mobility and multi-hop routing into account. We first study the former, and conclude that the best mobility strategy consists in following the periphery of the network (we assume that the sensors are deployed within a circle). We then consider jointly mobility and routing algorithms in this case, and show that a better routing strategy uses a combination of round routes and short paths. We provide a detailed analytical model for each of our statements, and corroborate it with simulation results. We show that the obtained improvement in terms of network lifetime is in the order of 500%.

937 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
14 Sep 2003
TL;DR: This paper defines a scalable coordinate-based routing algorithm that does not rely on location information, and thus can be used in a wide variety of ad hoc and sensornet environments.
Abstract: For many years, scalable routing for wireless communication systems was a compelling but elusive goal. Recently, several routing algorithms that exploit geographic information (e.g. GPSR) have been proposed to achieve this goal. These algorithms refer to nodes by their location, not address, and use those coordinates to route greedily, when possible, towards the destination. However, there are many situations where location information is not available at the nodes, and so geographic methods cannot be used. In this paper we define a scalable coordinate-based routing algorithm that does not rely on location information, and thus can be used in a wide variety of ad hoc and sensornet environments.

898 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A richer model relating geography and social-network friendship is introduced, in which the probability of befriending a particular person is inversely proportional to the number of closer people.
Abstract: We live in a “small world,” where two arbitrary people are likely connected by a short chain of intermediate friends. With scant information about a target individual, people can successively forward a message along such a chain. Experimental studies have verified this property in real social networks, and theoretical models have been advanced to explain it. However, existing theoretical models have not been shown to capture behavior in real-world social networks. Here, we introduce a richer model relating geography and social-network friendship, in which the probability of befriending a particular person is inversely proportional to the number of closer people. In a large social network, we show that one-third of the friendships are independent of geography and the remainder exhibit the proposed relationship. Further, we prove analytically that short chains can be discovered in every network exhibiting the relationship.

886 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper proposes a distributed QoS routing scheme that selects a network path with sufficient resources to satisfy a certain delay (or bandwidth) requirement in a dynamic multihop mobile environment and can tolerate a high degree of information imprecision.
Abstract: In an ad hoc network, all communication is done over wireless media, typically by radio through the air, without the help of wired base stations. Since direct communication is allowed only between adjacent nodes, distant nodes communicate over multiple hops. The quality-of-service (QoS) routing in an ad hoc network is difficult because the network topology may change constantly, and the available state information for routing is inherently imprecise. In this paper, we propose a distributed QoS routing scheme that selects a network path with sufficient resources to satisfy a certain delay (or bandwidth) requirement in a dynamic multihop mobile environment. The proposed algorithms work with imprecise state information. Multiple paths are searched in parallel to find the most qualified one. Fault-tolerance techniques are brought in for the maintenance of the routing paths when the nodes move, join, or leave the network. Our algorithms consider not only the QoS requirement, but also the cost optimality of the routing path to improve the overall network performance. Extensive simulations show that high call admission ratio and low-cost paths are achieved with modest routing overhead. The algorithms can tolerate a high degree of information imprecision.

878 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
28 Oct 2001
TL;DR: A practical guideline based on the energy histogram is derived and a spectrum of new techniques to enhance the routing in sensor networks are developed, arguing that a more uniform resource utilization can be obtained by shaping the traffic flow.
Abstract: Wireless sensor nodes can be deployed on a battlefield and organize themselves in a large-scale ad-hoc network. Traditional routing protocols do not take into account that a node contains only a limited energy supply. Optimal routing tries to maximize the duration over which the sensing task can be performed, but requires future knowledge. As this is unrealistic, we derive a practical guideline based on the energy histogram and develop a spectrum of new techniques to enhance the routing in sensor networks. Our first approach aggregates packet streams in a robust way, resulting in energy reductions of a factor 2 to 3. Second, we argue that a more uniform resource utilization can be obtained by shaping the traffic flow. Several techniques, which rely only on localized metrics are proposed and evaluated. We show that they can increase the network lifetime up to an extra 90% beyond the gains of our first approach.

851 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Wireless ad hoc network
49K papers, 1.1M citations
95% related
Wireless sensor network
142K papers, 2.4M citations
94% related
Network packet
159.7K papers, 2.2M citations
94% related
Wireless network
122.5K papers, 2.1M citations
94% related
Key distribution in wireless sensor networks
59.2K papers, 1.2M citations
93% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
202330
202286
202133
202037
201952
201890