Topic
Glass transition
About: Glass transition is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 40774 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1002766 citations. The topic is also known as: glass–liquid transition.
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01 Jan 1956
1,837 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, an electrospinning method was used to fabricate bioabsorbable amorphous poly( d, l -lactic acid) (PDLA) and semi-crystalline poly( l-lactic acids) (PLLA) nanofiber non-woven membranes for biomedical applications.
1,779 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a second-order transition is predicted for linear molecular chains, which occurs at a temperature which is an increasing function of both chain stiffness and chain length and a decreasing function of free volume.
Abstract: The thermodynamic properties of amorphous phases of linear molecular chains are obtained from statistical mechanics by means of a form of the quasi‐lattice theory which allows for chain stiffness and the variation of volume with temperature. A second‐order transition is predicted for these systems.This second‐order transition has all the qualitative features of the glass transition observed experimentally. It occurs at a temperature which is an increasing function of both chain stiffness and chain length and a decreasing function of free volume.The molecular ``relaxation times'' are shown to increase rapidly as the second‐order transition temperature is approached from above.To permit quantitative application of the theory and determine the relationship between the second‐order transition and the glass transition observed in ``slow'' experiments these two transitions are tentatively identified. By this means quantitative predictions are made concerning the variations of (1) glass temperature with molecula...
1,704 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the glass transition temperature of thin polystyrene films has been measured as a function of film thickness, and it was found that the transition decreases in temperature as the thickness of the film is reduced.
Abstract: The glass transition temperature of thin polystyrene films has been measured as a function of film thickness. It is found that the glass transition decreases in temperature as the thickness of the film is reduced. The effect is not strongly molecular-weight dependent, ruling out chain confinement as the major cause; instead we suggest that at the surface of the glassy film a liquidlike layer exists whose size diverges as the glass transition temperature is approached from below.
1,632 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, an atomic model is introduced which for predominantly covalent forces constitutes the first microscopic realization of Kauzmann's description of the glass transition as an entropy (not enthalpy or volume) crisis.
Abstract: The pronounced glass-forming tendencies of alloys of S and Se with Ge and/or As are discussed topologically. An atomic model is introduced which for predominantly covalent forces constitutes the first microscopic realization of Kauzmann's description of the glass transition as an entropy (not enthalpy or volume) crisis. The model contains no adjustable parameters and predicts the glass-forming tendency as a function of composition in excellent agreement with experiment. Several related properties, including phase diagrams, radial distribution functions and crystal structures are discussed in the context of chemical bonding and short-range order in the non-crystalline covalent networks of these materials.
1,619 citations