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Showing papers on "Globalization published in 2000"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Clusters represent a new way of thinking about national, state, and local economies, and they necessitate new roles for companies, government, and other institutions in enhancing competitiveness as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Economic geography during an era of global competition involves a paradox. It is widely recognized that changes in technology and competition have diminished many of the traditional roles of location. Yet clusters, or geographic concentrations of interconnected companies, are a striking feature of virtually every national, regional, state, and even metropolitan economy, especially in more advanced nations. The prevalence of clusters reveals important insights about the microeconomics of competition and the role of location in competitive advantage. Even as old reasons for clustering have diminished in importance with globalization, new influences of clusters on competition have taken on growing importance in an increasingly complex, knowledge-based, and dynamic economy. Clusters represent a new way of thinking about national, state, and local economies, and they necessitate new roles for companies, government, and other institutions in enhancing competitiveness.

4,211 citations


Book
01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: In this paper, David Harvey brings an exciting perspective to two of the principal themes of contemporary social discourse: globalization and the body, and places the working body in relation to this new geography, finding in Marx's writings a wealth of relevant analysis and theoretical insight.
Abstract: As the twentieth century drew to a close, the rich were getting richer; power was concentrating within huge corporations; vast tracts of the earth were being laid waste; and, three quarters of the earth's population had no control over its destiny and no claim to basic rights. There was nothing new in this. What was new was the virtual absence of any political will to do anything about it. "Spaces of Hope" takes issue with this. David Harvey brings an exciting perspective to two of the principal themes of contemporary social discourse: globalization and the body. Exploring the uneven geographical development of late-twentieth-century capitalism, and placing the working body in relation to this new geography, he finds in Marx's writings a wealth of relevant analysis and theoretical insight. In order to make much-needed changes, Harvey maintains, we need to become the architects of a different living and working environment and to learn to bridge the micro-scale of the body and the personal and the macro-scale of global political economy. Utopian movements have for centuries tried to construct a just society. Harvey looks at their history to ask why they failed and what the ideas behind them might still have to offer. His devastating description of the existing urban environment (Baltimore is his case study) fuels his argument that we can and must use the force of utopian imagining against all who say 'there is no alternative'. He outlines a new kind of utopian thought, which he calls dialectical utopianism, and refocuses our attention on possible designs for a more equitable world of work and living with nature. If any political ideology or plan is to work, he argues, it must take account of our human qualities. Finally, Harvey dares to sketch a very personal utopian vision in an appendix, one that leaves no doubt about his own geography of hope.

1,989 citations


Book
01 Jul 2000
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the causes of globalization and what causes globalization, and discuss the role of government, security, and justice in the process of globalisation.
Abstract: Introduction - PART ONE: FRAMEWORK OF ANALYSIS - What is Happening? - What is 'Global' about Globalization? - Globalization in History - What Causes Globalization? - PART TWO: CHANGE AND CONTINUITY - Globalization and Production - Globalization and Governance - Globalization and Community - Globalization and Knowledge - PART THREE: POLICY ISSUES - Globalization and (In)Security - Globalization and (In)Justice - Globalization and (Un)Democracy - Humane Global Futures - Conclusion - Bibliography

1,903 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Reflecting the internationalization of the marketplace and the increasing prominence of entrepreneurial firms in the global economy, the research paths of international business and entrepreneur-shi... as mentioned in this paper ].
Abstract: Reflecting the internationalization of the marketplace and the increasing prominence of entrepreneurial firms in the global economy, the research paths of international business and entrepreneurshi...

1,667 citations


Book
01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the role of the national state between World Economy and Individualization: What is to be done? and the Globalization Shock: A Belated Discussion.
Abstract: Foreword. Introduction. Vitual Tax--Payers. The National State Caught between World Economy and Individualization: What is to be Done?. The Globalization Shock: A Belated Discussion. Part I: Dimensions, Controversies, Definitions: . 1. The World Horizon Opens Up: On the Sociology of Globalization. 2. Transnational Civil Society: How a Cosmopolitan Vision is Emerging. 3. Contours of World Society: Rival Perspectives. Part II: Perspectives:. 4. Errors of Globalism. 5. Responses to Globalization. 6. Europe and Globalization. Conclusion: Decline a la Carte: The Brazilianization of Europe. Further Reading. Index.

1,517 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the U.S. academic world, globalization is a source of anxiety as mentioned in this paper, and the sources of this anxiety are many: Social scientists (especially economists) worry about whether markets and deregulation produce greater wealth at the price of increased inequality.
Abstract: lobalization is certainly a source of anxiety in the U.S. academic world. And the sources of this anxiety are many: Social scientists (especially economists) worry about whether markets and deregulation produce greater wealth at the price of increased inequality. Political scientists worry that their field might vanish along with their favorite object, the nation-state, if globalization truly creates a “world without borders.” Cultural theorists, especially cultural Marxists, worry that in spite of its conformity with everything they already knew about capital, there may be some embarrassing new possibilities for equity hidden in its workings. Historians, ever worried about the problem of the new, realize that globalization may not be a member of the familiar archive of large-scale historical shifts. And everyone in the academy is anxious to avoid seeming to be a mere publicist of the gigantic corporate machineries that celebrate globalization. Product differentiation is as important for (and within) the academy as it is for the corporations academics love to hate. Outside the academy there are quite different worries about globalization that include such questions as: What does globalization mean for labor markets and

1,353 citations


Book
19 Dec 2000
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a global system theory of the Transnational Capitalist Class and the struggle for the environment, focusing on the transnational corporations and their role in the global economy.
Abstract: List of Figures and Tables. Preface and Acknowledgments. 1. Introduction:Global System Theory. Four Propositions on the Transnational Capitalist Class. Structure of the Book. 2. Globalizing Class Theory:Theorizing the Dominant Class. Structure and Dynamics of the Transnational Capitalist Class. Dominant Classes and Dominated Groups. 'National' Interest and the 'National' Economy. 3. Transnational Corporations and the Global Economy:The Global Economy and the Fortune Global 500. Consumer Goods and Services. Financial Services. Heavy Industries. Infrastructure. Electronics. From 'National Companies with Units Abroad' to Globalizing Corporations.Global 500 Consumer Goods and Services Corporations. Global 500 Financial Services Corporations. Global 500 Heavy Industries Corporations. Global 500 Infrastructure Corporations. Global 500 Electronics Corporations. The Non-respondents. Conclusions. 4. Corporate Elites and the Transformation of Foreign Investment:The Transformation of Foreign Investment. Global Brands. The Regulatory Climate. Phases of Foreign Investment. The Home Base and Foreign Investment: The Case of NAFTA. Disinvestment. Foreign Investment as a Globalizing Practice. 5. World Best Practice, Benchmarking and National Competitiveness:World Best Practice, Benchmarking, and Globalization. Industry Benchmarking. Global Programme Benchmarking: Six Sigma and the Quest for Perfection. Politicians, Professionals and the 'Competitiveness of Nations'. World Best Practice as a Globalizing Practice. 6. Global Corporate Citizenship:Regulating the Corporations: History and Theory. Employee Relations. Corporate Philanthropy and Community Development. Safety and Health of Consumers and Citizens. Corporate Citizenship as a Globalizing Practice: Deconstructing Shell. 7. The Transnational Capitalist Class and the Struggle for the Environment:History and Theory of Corporate Environmentalism. Corporate Capture of the Environmental Movement or Constructive Dialogue: the Creation of a Sustainable Development Historical Bloc. Environmental Policies and Practices of Major Corporations. Procter and Gamble. Mitsubishi. Monsanto. Intel. Dow. RTZ (Rio Tinto). BHP. BP (BP Amoco). Sustainable Development as a Globalizing Ideology. 8. Global Vision and the Culture-Ideology of Consumerism:Consumer-Oriented Global Visions for Humanity. Industry-Oriented Global Visions. Organization-Oriented Global Visions. The Visionary Executive. Global Vision as a Globalizing Practice. 9. Conclusion:Appendix 1: Fortune Global 500 Corporations (and Subsidiaries) Interviewed, by Business Sector. Appendix 2: Other Corporations and Organizations Interviewed. References. General Index Author Index.

1,184 citations


Book
01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: The Third Way and its Critics as mentioned in this paper is an example of the Third Way's critique of social democracy and its critics, as well as the question of "taking globalisation seriously".
Abstract: Preface. 1. The Third Way and its Critics. 2. Social Democracy and the Third Way. 3. Government, the State and Economic Strategy. 4. The Question of Inequality. 5. Taking Globalisation Seriously.

1,182 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The globalization of the world is, in the first place, the culmination of a process that began with the constitution of America and world capitalism as a Euro-centered colonial/modern world power as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The globalization of the world is, in the first place, the culmination of a process that began with the constitution of America and world capitalism as a Euro-centered colonial/modern world power. ...

1,156 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce the concept of double exposure as a framework for examining the simultaneous impacts of climate change and globalization, which refers to the fact that certain regions, sectors, ecosystems and social groups will be confronted both by climate change, and by the consequences of globalization.
Abstract: This paper considers synergisms between the impacts of two global processes, climate change and economic globalization. Both processes entail long-term changes that will have di!erential impacts throughout the world. Despite widespread recognition that there will be ‘winnersa and ‘losersa with both climate change and globalization, the two issues are rarely examined together. In this paper, we introduce the concept of double exposure as a framework for examining the simultaneous impacts of climate change and globalization. Double exposure refers to the fact that certain regions, sectors, ecosystems and social groups will be confronted both by the impacts of climate change, and by the consequences of globalization. By considering the joint impacts of the two processes, new sets of winners and losers emerge. ( 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

1,005 citations


Posted Content
TL;DR: The authors examine the effectiveness of different non-institutional strategies at the disposal of modern governments in tackling issues of urban decline, public administrations, governmental regionalization, budget deficits and global economics.
Abstract: Leading scholars in the field of governance examine the effectiveness of the different non-institutional strategies at the disposal of modern governments in tackling issues of urban decline, public administrations, governmental regionalization, budget deficits and global economics. The governance approach to political science yields a new perspective on the role of the state, domestically as well as in the international arena. Globalization, internationalization, and the growing influence of networks in domestic politics means that the notions of state strength and the role of the state in society must re-examined.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the effects of international corporate entrepreneurship (ICE) efforts on company performance and found that the payoff from ICE is moderated by executives' perceptions of the hostility of their firm's international business environment.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The capability for repeated industry entry in emerging economies can be maintained as a valuable, rare, and valuable capability as mentioned in this paper, however, it can also be lost in the process of economic expansion.
Abstract: Business groups in emerging economies result when entrepreneurs and firms accumulate the capability for repeated industry entry. Such a capability, however, can be maintained as a valuable, rare, a...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the interrelationships of entrepreneurial orientation, marketing strategy, tactics, and firm performance among SMEs affected by globalization, and offer empirical findings and conclusions on the critical roles of entrepreneurship and marketing to assist SME managers.
Abstract: Globalization and the emergence of internationally active small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are key worldwide trends. The author investigates the interrelationships of entrepreneurial orientation, marketing strategy, tactics, and firm performance among SMEs affected by globalization. The author offers empirical findings and conclusions on the critical roles of entrepreneurship and marketing to assist SME managers.

Book
10 May 2000
TL;DR: The Globalization Reader as mentioned in this paper provides a comprehensive introduction to the debates about globalization through a selection of key readings on the subject and is essential reading for anyone interested in the impact of globalization on politics, sociology, geography, international relations, economics, and culture.
Abstract: The Globalization Reader provides a comprehensive introduction to the debates about globalization through a selection of key readings on the subject. It is essential reading for anyone interested in the impact of globalization on politics, sociology, geography, international relations, economics, and culture.

Book
19 Dec 2000
TL;DR: The Postnational Constellation as mentioned in this paper explores the historical and political origins of national identity, the achievements and catastrophes of the twentieth century, the future of democracy in the wake of the era of the nation-state, the political and moral challenges facing the European Union, and the status of global human rights in the ongoing debate on the sources of cultural identity.
Abstract: translated, edited, and with an introduction by Max Pensky Does a global economy render the traditional nation-state obsolete? Does globalization threaten democratic life, or offer it new forms of expression? What are the implications of globalization for our understanding of politics and of national and cultural identities?In The Postnational Constellation, Jurgen Habermas addresses these and other questions. He explores the historical and political origins of national identity, the achievements and catastrophes of the twentieth century, the future of democracy in the wake of the era of the nation-state, the political and moral challenges facing the European Union, and the status of global human rights in the ongoing debate on the sources of cultural identity. In their scope, critical insight, and clarity, the essays present a powerful vision of the contemporary political scene and the opportunities and challenges facing us. Those new to Habermas's work will find in this book a lucid and engaging introduction to one of the twentieth century's most influential thinkers. Those familiar with Habermas's writings will appreciate the application of his social and political theories to current political realities.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors show that there is no relationship between globalization and the level of labor-market risks (in terms of employment and wages), whereas the uncertainty and dislocations caused by deindustrialization have spurred electoral demands for welfare state compensation and risk sharing.
Abstract: An influential line of argument holds that globalization causes economic uncertainty and spurs popular demands for compensatory welfare state spending. This article argues that the relationship between globalization and welfare state expansion is spurious and that the engine of welfare state expansion since the 1960s has been deindustrialization. Based on cross-sectional-time-series data for fifteen OECD countries, the authors show that there is no relationship between globalization and the level of labor-market risks (in terms of employment and wages), whereas the uncertainty and dislocations caused by deindustrialization have spurred electoral demands for welfare state compensation and risk sharing. Yet, while differential rates of deindustri-alization explain differences in the overall size of the welfare state, its particular character—in terms of the share of direct government provision and the equality of transfer payments—is shaped by government partisanship. The argument has implications for the study and the future of the welfare state that are very different from those suggested in the globalization literature.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the second age of modernity, globalization changes not only the relations between and beyond national states and societies, but also the inner quality of the social and political itself which is indicated by more or less reflexive cosmopolitization as an institutionalized learning process as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: ‘Second age of modernity’ is a magical password that is meant to open the doors to new conceptual landscapes. The whole world of nation sovereignty is fading away – including the ‘container theory of society’ on which most of the sociology of the first age of modernity is based upon. In this article I propose a distinction between ‘simple globalization’ and ‘reflexive cosmopolitization’. In the paradigm of the first age of modernity, simple globalization is interpreted within the territorial compass of state and politics, society and culture. This involves an additive, not substitutive, conception of globalization as indicated for example by ‘interconnectedness’. In the paradigm of the second age of modernity globalization changes not only the relations between and beyond national states and societies, but also the inner quality of the social and political itself which is indicated by more or less reflexive cosmopolitization as an institutionalized learning process – and its enemies.

Book
13 Apr 2000
TL;DR: In this article, the crisis of the United States and the need for national belonging is discussed, and a new theory of Citizenship, Minority Formation and Racialization is proposed. But it is not discussed in the Asia-pacific region.
Abstract: Preface.- The Crisis of Citizenship.- Theories of Citizenship.- Immigration, Minority Formation and Racialization.- Becoming a Citizen.- Being a Citizen.- Ethnic Mobilization and New Political Subjects.- The End of National Belonging.- Globalization and Citizenship in the Asia-Pacific Region.- Social Capital and the New Civics.- Postscript: Citizenship or Chaos.- Bibliography.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a formal model of the relationship between openness and the equilibrium number and size of countries, and successfully test two implications of the model: the economic benefits of country size are mediated by the degree of openness to trade, and the history of nation-state creation and secessions is influenced by the trade regime.
Abstract: In a world of trade restrictions, large countries enjoy economic benefits, because political boundaries determine the size of the market. Under free trade and global markets even relatively small cultural, linguistic or ethnic groups can benefit from forming small, homogeneous political jurisdictions. This paper provides a formal model of the relationship between openness and the equilibrium number and size of countries, and successfully tests two implications of the model. Firstly, the economic benefits of country size are mediated by the degree of openness to trade. Secondly, the history of nation-state creations and secessions is influenced by the trade regime.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a framework for examining the export strategies of firms from emerging economies and their performance in foreign markets and tested hypotheses derived from this framework were tested on real world data.
Abstract: This study develops a framework for examining the export strategies of firms from emerging economies and their performance in foreign markets. Hypotheses derived from this framework were tested on ...

Book
01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: The social construction of Transnational Urbanism as discussed by the authors is an alternative view of urban politics, and it can be seen as a form of postmodern subjectivity, political fragmentation, and identity politics.
Abstract: 1. Introduction: The Social Construction of Transnational Urbanism:. Why Transnational Social Practices?. Why "Transnational Urbanism"?. Why Agency--oriented Urban Theory?. On Social Constructionism. The Architectonics Ahead. Locating Globalization. Reconstructing Urban Theory. Part I: Locating Globalization: . 2. The Local as Globalisma s "Other": The Confines of the Master Narrative of Time--Space Compression. Beyond Technological Determinism. Cultural Reductionism. Postmodern Subjectivity, Political Fragmentation, and Identity Politics. Essentializing Class and Marginalizing Gender. The Political Geography of Difference. An Alternative View of Urban Politics. Beyond Binary Dualities. 3. The Global Cities Discourse: A Return to the Master Narrative?. Reconsidering the Global City Thesis. The Limits of Global Economism. Historicizing the Global City. The "Global Governance" Agenda. Transnational Urbanism: Beyond Reification. 4. Reimagining Los Angeles from the Ground Up. Mexican Transmigration to Los Angeles The Legacy of Empire. The Social Construction of "Local Economic Development". Transnational Urbanism and the Ethnic Economy. Constructing and Reconstructing "Koreatown". Beyond Victimization. Part II: Reconstructing Urban Theory:. 5. Re--presenting the "Local": Beyond Communitarian Metaphors. Localities as Defensive Community Formations. Rethinking the Boundaries of Locality. Localities and the Politics of Difference. The Social Construction of Space as Place. Rethinking the Politics of Everyday Life. Transnational Place--Making. 6. Beyond the Postmodern City: Rethinking Ethnography for Transnational Times. Social Constructionism and Postmodern Social Inquiry. Questioning the Knower and the Known. Constructing the Subject. The Uses and Limits of Postmodern Ethnography. Hybrid Subjects in Patterned Networks. The Border Crossings of Transnational Ethnography. 7. Transnationalizing the Grassroots. The Rise of Transnational Grassroots Politics. Transnationalizing Urban Research. Beyond the Global--Local Duality. Thinking Locally and Acting Globally. Bifocal Border Crossers. The Politics of Simultaneity. The Production of Political Space. 8. From Globalization to Transnational Urbanism. The Agency of Transnational Networks. The Rise of Translocalities Questioning the Post--national Discourse. Towards a Transnational Urban Studies. Comparative Transnationalisms. Summing Up. Epilogue. 9. Epilogue: The City as Crossroads. Index.

Book
14 Jan 2000
TL;DR: The authors explores the increasingly important dimensions of globalization as it affects educational policy and practice in nation-states around the world, addressing such issues as feminisim, multiculturalism, and new technology.
Abstract: This volume explores the increasingly important dimensions of globalization as it affects educational policy and practice in nation-states around the world. Addressing such issues as feminisim, multiculturalism, and new technology, this collection of original essays should broaden the context within which educational policy decisions are made.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined how the risks of accelerated internationalization of businesses can be mitigated and how the internationalization will accelerate in the 21st century, using the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
Abstract: The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development predicts that the internationalization of businesses will accelerate in the 21st century. Our study examined how the risks of accelerated ...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the balance in bargaining power has shifted in favour of the MNE, and less developed countries increasingly need to provide unique, non-replicable created assets to maintain a successful FDI-assisted development strategy.
Abstract: Globalization has changed economic realities. First, the competences of multinational enterprises (MNEs) are becoming increasingly mobile and knowledge-intensive. MNEs thus give more attention to the availability and quality of the created assets of alternative locations. Second, among developing countries there are now considerable differences between the catching-up countries (e.g. newly industrialized countries) and falling behind , less developed countries. These developments have helped change the opportunity sets of both MNEs and host countries. Foreign direct investment (FDI)-based development strategies are now commonplace among less developed countries, but there is also increased competition for the right kinds of investment. In general, the balance in bargaining power has shifted in favour of the MNE, and less developed countries increasingly need to provide unique, non-replicable created assets to maintain a successful FDI-assisted development strategy.

Journal ArticleDOI
Dani Rodrik1
TL;DR: In a famous passage from TheEconomic Consequences of the Peace, Keynes (1920) drew a vi\ad picture of an integrated world economy at the pinnacle of the gold standard as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: In a famous passage from TheEconomic Consequences of the Peace, Keynes (1920) drew a vi\ad picture of an integrated world economy at the pinnacle of the gold standard. While sipping his morning tea in bed, Keynes reminisced nostalgically, the Englishmen of his time could order by telephone various commodities of the world, invest in far-off places, purchase unlimited amounts of foreign currency or precious metals, and arrange for international travel without even requiring a passport. Keynes, who was writing in the aftermath of a devastating world war and was anticipating a period of economic turbulence and protectionism—correctly, as it turned out—considered this a lost era of great magnificence. What will a latter-day Keynes, writing a centuiy from now, say about today's global economy wth its unparalleled prosperity and integration (illustrated by Figfure 1)? Will she bemoan, as the original Keynes did, its collapse into disarray and autarky yet again? Or will she look back at the tail end of the 20th century as the era that launched a new process of international ization? Since economists rank second only to astrologers in their predictive abilities, the correct answer is that we have no idea. The best that one can do is speculate wildly, which is what I am about to do. In these speculations, I will use the term [^international economic integration" rather tlian "globalization," for two reasons. First, while not as trendy, my preferred term has a distinct meaning that will be self-evident to economists. Globalization, by contrast, is a term that is used in different ways by different analysts. Second, the term "international economic integration" does not come with the value judge

Book
01 Oct 2000
TL;DR: Burawoy et al. as discussed by the authors explore the mutual shaping of local struggles and global forces by extending out from the concrete, everyday world, and show how groups negotiate, circumvent, challenge, and even re-create the complex global web that entangles them.
Abstract: In this follow-up to the highly successful "Ethnography Unbound", Michael Burawoy and nine colleagues break the bounds of conventional sociology, to explore the mutual shaping of local struggles and global forces. In contrast to the lofty debates between radical theorists, these nine studies excavate the dynamics and histories of globalization by extending out from the concrete, everyday world. The authors were participant observers in diverse struggles over extending citizenship, medicalizing breast cancer, dumping toxic waste, privatizing nursing homes, the degradation of work, the withdrawal of welfare rights, and the elaboration of body politics. From their insider vantage points, they show how groups negotiate, circumvent, challenge, and even re-create the complex global web that entangles them. Traversing continents and extending over three years, this collaborative research developed its own distinctive method of 'grounded globalization' to grasp the evaporation of traditional workplaces, the dissolution of enclaved communities, and the fluidity of identities. Forged between the local and global, these compelling essays make a powerful case for ethnography's insight into global dynamics.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper found no direct correlation between financial prowess and emotional well-being, while the modern world prioritized economic-led growth, the postmodern society will place more value on environmental protection and cultural identity.
Abstract: As countries become more industrialized, they find no direct correlation between financial prowess and emotional well‐being. While the modern world prioritized economic‐led growth, the postmodern society will place more value on environmental protection and cultural identity.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a three-tier transfer of reproductive labor in globalization between the following groups of women: (1) middle-class women in receiving nations, (2) migrant domestic workers, and (3) Third World women who are too poor to migrate.
Abstract: This article examines the politics of reproductive labor in globalization. Using the case of migrant Filipina domestic workers, the author presents the formation of a three-tier transfer of reproductive labor in globalization between the following groups of women: (1) middle-class women in receiving nations, (2) migrant domestic workers, and (3) Third World women who are too poor to migrate. The formation of this international division of labor suggests that reproduction activities, as they have been increasingly commodified, have to be situated in the context of the global market economy. This division of labor is a structural process that determines the migration of Filipina domestic workers. As such, this article also uses in-depth interviews to examine and enumerate the contradictions that migrant Filipina domestic workers experience in their family and work lives as a result of “being in the middle” of this division of labor.

Book
01 Jan 2000
TL;DR: The Rise of the Internet as mentioned in this paper is a seminal work in the history of modern societies, focusing on the Internet and its role in the formation of modern human societies, including the Self and Experience in Everyday Life.
Abstract: Preface. Introduction. 1. Some Developments that have Transformed Modern Societies. 2. The Rise of the Internet. 3. Cultural Transmission and the Internet. 4. The Internet and Forms of Human Association. 5. Organizations and the Internet. 6. The Internet, the Self and Experience in Everyday Life. 7. Publicness and the Internet. 8. Globalization and the Internet. 9. Regulation and the Internet. Concluding Reflections. Notes. Index.