Topic
Glucan
About: Glucan is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4140 publications have been published within this topic receiving 117300 citations. The topic is also known as: glucans & poly-D-glucose.
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TL;DR: Polysaccharides or polysaccharide-protein complexes are considered as multi-cytokine inducers that are able to induce gene expression of vaious immunomodulatory cytokines and cytokine receptors and act as biological response modifiers.
Abstract: In the last three decades, numerous polysaccharides and polysaccharide-protein complexes have been isolated from mushrooms and used as a source of therapeutic agents. The most promising biopharmacological activities of these biopolymers are their immunomodulation and anti-cancer effects. They are mainly present as glucans with different types of glycosidic linkages such as (1-->3), (1-->6)-beta-glucans and (1-->3)-alpha-glucans, and as true herteroglycans, while others mostly bind to protein residues as polysaccharide-protein complexes. Three antitumor mushroom polysaccharides, i.e. lentinan, schizophyllan and protein-bound polysaccharide (PSK, Krestin), isolated respectively, from Lentinus edodes, Schizophyllum commune and Coriolus versicolor, have become large market items in Japan. Lentinan and schizophyllan are pure beta-glucans, whereas PSK is a protein-bound beta-glucan. A polysaccharide peptide (PSP), isolated from a strain of Coriolus versicolor in China, has also been widely used as an anti-cancer and immunomodulatory agent. Although the mechansim of their antitumor action is still not completely clear, these polysaccharides and polysaccharide-protein complexes are suggested to enhance cell-mediated immune responses in vivo and in vitro and act as biological response modifiers. Potentiation of the host defense system may result in the activation of many kinds of immune cells that are vitally important for the maintenance of homeostasis. Polysaccharides or polysaccharide-protein complexes are considered as multi-cytokine inducers that are able to induce gene expression of vaious immunomodulatory cytokines and cytokine receptors. Some interesting studies focus on investigation of the relationship between their structure and antitumor activity, elucidation of their antitumor mechanism at the molecular level, and improvement of their various biological activities by chemical modifications.
816 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that the latter polysaccharide has a central role in the organization of the yeast cell wall and the possible mechanism of synthesis and physiological significance of the cross-links is discussed.
607 citations
TL;DR: The relationship between the molecular-structural characteristics of β-glucans and physicochemical properties in aqueous dispersions and in food systems as well as their physiological functions in the gastro-intestinal tract is discussed in this article.
566 citations
TL;DR: The methode simple utilise de la β-glucanase (lichenase) purifiee de Bacillus subtilis for depolymerisation as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Cette methode simple utilise de la β-glucanase (lichenase) purifiee de Bacillus subtilis pour la depolymerisation. Les oligosaccharides obtenus sont ensuite hydrolyses en glucose par la β-D-glucosidase. Le glucose est ensuite dose en utilisant de la glucose-oxydase-peroxydase. Pas d'interferences de l'α-amylase
562 citations
TL;DR: Corn stover was pretreated with an excess of calcium hydroxide in non-oxidative and oxidative conditions at 25, 35, 45, and 55 degrees C and some cellulose and hemicellulose were solubilized as monomers and oligomers in the pretreatment liquor.
456 citations