Showing papers on "Glucoside published in 1971"
TL;DR: The biosynthesis of cholesteryl glucoside by Mycoplasma gallinarum strain J proceeds by the transfer of glucose from uridine-5'-diphosphoglucose to membrane-bound sterol, with high affinity for the nucleotide sugar.
Abstract: The biosynthesis of cholesteryl glucoside by Mycoplasma gallinarum strain J proceeds by the transfer of glucose from uridine-5'-diphosphoglucose to membrane-bound sterol. Galactose also can be coupled to cholesterol via uridine-5'-diphosphogalactose. The reaction is specific for the uridine-5'-diphospho sugars. Enzymatic activity is associated with the membrane. Treatment of the membrane to remove endogenous sterol inactivates the enzyme. Only sterol which has been bound to the membrane participates in the reaction. The optimum pH is about 8.0, and Mg(2+) is required. The reaction is unaffected by nucleotide triphosphate, uridine-5'-monophosphate, and uridine-5'-diphosphate. Reduction of pH to the optimum for beta-glucosidase in the membrane results in loss of synthesized glucoside. The enzyme is saturated at 0.5 mm uridine-5'-diphosphoglucose. The apparent K(m) of 2.05 x 10(-7) indicates a high affinity of the enzyme for the nucleotide sugar.
57 citations
TL;DR: Under the experimental in vitro conditions described, the inhibitory effect of deoxycholate is reversible and not simply the result of tissue damage.
45 citations
TL;DR: The structure of salicortin, an important component of the bark and leaves of all Populus and Salix species, was proved to be ω-(1-hydroxy-6-oxo-2-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid ester) by means of hydrogenolysis, acid and alkaline hydrolysis, and IR, NMR and mass spectra as mentioned in this paper.
37 citations
TL;DR: Kinetic studies of the uptake of hydroquinone-β-D-glucoside (arbutin) by excised roots of barley demonstrated that this compound is actively transported and enters the root tissues by diffusion.
Abstract: Kinetic studies of the uptake of hydroquinone-β-D-glucoside (arbutin) by excised roots of barley demonstrated that this compound is actively transported. Similar studies on the uptake of hydroquinone indicated that the latter compound enters the root tissues by diffusion. A concentration gradient favouring diffusion is maintained for at least three hours by the conversion of the aglucone to its correspondings glucoside. Hydroquinone, at a concentration of 5 mM, reduced uptake of 86rubidium ion by approximately 30%.
34 citations
Patent•
04 Oct 1971
TL;DR: In this article, a process for the improvement of the oxidation resistance of ascorbic acid by subjecting a mixture of maltose and/or oligosaccharides to the action of an enzyme derived from genera Asperigillus, Penicillium or others was described.
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the improvement of the oxidation resistance of ascorbic acid by subjecting a mixture of ascorbic acid, maltose and/or oligosaccharides to the action of an enzyme derived from genera Asperigillus, Penicillium or others to convert the mixture enzymatically into ascorbic acid glucoside.
34 citations
TL;DR: Rabbit liver, kidney, and small intestine contain glucosidase activity with a very high affinity toward the 3-β-d-glucosides of estrone, 17α-estradiol and 17β-est Radiol, which may explain the previous findings that these glycosides can be made by rabbit tissues in vitro, but are absent from rabbit excreta.
33 citations
TL;DR: A new series of glycosides of oleanolic acid was discovered in the roots of old Calendula officinalis plants as discussed by the authors, and the sugar components of 8 representatives of the new series are glucose and galactose in following ratios.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the position of acylation in malvidin-3-glucoside p-coumarate from V. vinifera variety Tinta Pinheria grapes using GLC and NMR techniques has been investigated.
25 citations
TL;DR: Four new carotenoid glycosides were found in the myxobacterium Sorangium compositum, including γ-carotene, neurosporene, torulene, lycopene, and 1′,2′-dihydro-1′-hydroxy-torulene glucoside ester.
Abstract: The carotenoid pigments of the myxobacterium Sorangium compositum were analyzed by chromatographical and chemical techniques and by visible, infra red, and mass spectroscopy. Besides γ-carotene, neurosporene, torulene, lycopene, and 1′,2′-dihydro-1′-hydroxy-γ-carotene, four new carotenoid glycosides were found. These pigments were identified as 1′,2′-dihydro-1′-hydroxy-torulene glucoside ester (I), 1′,2′-dihydro-3,1′-dihydroxy-torulene glucoside ester (III), 1′,2′-dihydro-1′-hydroxy-torulene rhamnoside (II), and 1′,2′-dihydro-3,1′-dihydroxytorulene rhamnoside (IV).
25 citations
TL;DR: The glucoside and glucuronide conjugations of bilirubin are discussed in relation to the availability of the conjugating agents and aglycone in the liver.
Abstract: 1. Rat liver microsomal preparation can effect the transglucosylation from UDP-glucose to bilirubin in the presence of Mg(2+). 2. Other nucleotides, namely CDP-glucose, ADP-glucose and GDP-glucose, were not active as glucosyl donors. 3. Only trace amounts of galactose, galacturonic acid and N-acetylglucosamine were conjugated to bilirubin when their respective UDP derivatives were used in the reaction mixture. 4. The azobilirubin glucosides produced by coupling with p-diazobenzenesulphonic acid and diazotized ethyl anthranilic acid were separable from the corresponding azobilirubin glucuronides by t.l.c. 5. The glucoside was, however, hydrolysed by both beta-glucosidase and various preparations of beta-glucuronidase; azobilirubin and glucose were liberated in the process. 6. Kinetic studies showed that the effects of pH and Mg(2+) on the two conjugating systems were similar. 7. The specific activities of hepatic bilirubin UDP-glucosyltransferase, expressed as mug of bilirubin ;equivalents' conjugated/h per mg of protein, are respectively 1.7 and 2.4 for male and female rats. 8. The K(m) values for bilirubin and UDP-glucose are 5.7x10(-5)m and 1.6x10(-3)m respectively. 9. The glucoside and glucuronide conjugations of bilirubin are discussed in relation to the availability of the conjugating agents and aglycone in the liver.
23 citations
TL;DR: This article found α-Ethyl glucoside was found in sake, Japanese rice wine, as much as 1.2 mg/ml together with small amounts of erythritol, arabinitol and mannitol.
Abstract: α-Ethyl glucoside was found in sake, Japanese rice wine, as much as 1~2 mg/ml together with small amounts of erythritol, arabinitol and mannitol.Quantitative analysis of those components was performed by gas chromatography for various kinds of sake and synthetic sake obtained commercially.
TL;DR: Under che mostat growth with glucose limitation, inhibitions are readily demonstrated and having high levels of both permeases is not the sole requirement for observing interaction between fluxes because chemostat growth at fast dilution in a limiting mixture of glucose plus succinate results in bacteria with high levelsof both permease, but little interaction of either flux with the other.
TL;DR: The flavonoid complement of Lasthenia conjugens and L. fremontii as well as hybrids derived from these two species has been determined and patuletin-7-potassium bisulfate was present in very small concentration in the hybrids only.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used an enzyme preparation from the flowers of Daphne odora for the hydrolysis of daphnin and transglucosylation from this glucoside to daphnetin forming daphnein 8-glucose.
TL;DR: Pyridoxine glucoside was found to be as stable as pyrinoxine-borate complex against irradiation of ultraviolet light and heating, while pyrdoxine was less stable.
Abstract: Intact pyridoxine glucoside showed about 20% of microbiological activity of equivalent mole of pyridoxine for Saccharomyces carlsbergensis 4228 ATCC 9080. The activity was gradually increased accompanied with the prolonged incubation. It seems that pyridoxine glucoside is hydrolyzed to pyridoxine and glucose by α-glucosidase of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis 4228 ATCC 9080 and can be bioassayed as pyridoxine. Hydrolysis of pyridoxine glucoside by autoclaving in 0.055 N sulfuric acid yielded pyridoxine quantitatively. Pyridoxine glucoside was found to be as stable as pyridoxine-borate complex against irradiation of ultraviolet light and heating, while pyridoxine was less stable.
01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: Iridoid- and secoiridoid glucosides (Fig. 1) are groups of natural products which have been known for a long time but have recently attracted notice as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Iridoid- and secoiridoid glucosides (Fig. 1) are groups of natural products which have been known for a long time but have recently attracted notice. For example, the iridoid glucosides1), asperuloside and aucubin, were isolated in 1848 and 1902, respectively, and the secoiridoid glucoside, gentiopicroside2), in 1862. However, for technical reasons studies on the chemistry of these glucosides did not begin until the latter half of nineteen fifties. Thus only very recently the steric configuration of these compounds has been completely elucidated.
TL;DR: The structure of the flavone glucoside isolated from berries of Juniperus macropoda has been established as 7- O -β-d -glucoside of 5,7,8,3′,4′-pentahydroxyflavone as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: It is found that mevalonic acid-2-“C is incorporated into the aglucone moiety of the iridoid glucoside, loganic acid, in both flowering JGzcu rosea and germinating seedlings, and 7-deoxyloganic acid, the precursor of loganin, is methylated prefentially in Y rosea.
TL;DR: In this paper, a crystalline compound C 19 H 20 O 8 was isolated from an extract of Bidens frondosa L. from aqueous methanolic extract of the flowers.
TL;DR: This is the first demonstration of the formation of a steroid glucoside by human tissue, and may explain the inconsistent results of searches for 17α-estradiol in human urine and bile.
Abstract: The incubation of 17α-estradiol with human liver homogenates in the presence of UDP-glucose led to the formation of the 17-glucoside. No glucosides of estrone or 17β-estradiol were formed in similar incubations. This is the first demonstration of the formation of a steroid glucoside by human tissue, and may explain the inconsistent results of searches for 17α-estradiol in human urine and bile.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A convenient assay method of phenolic glucoside synthetase (UDPG‐phenol glucosyl transferase) was devised based on the determination of labeled protocatechuic acid glucosides which is synthesized from uridine diphosphate 14C‐glucose and protocatechinic acid.
Abstract: As a preliminary to the study of the mode of action of juvenile hormone using the left colleterial gland of the cockroach, properties of the glucoside synthetase of protocatechuic acid were studied. For this purpose, a convenient assay method of phenolic glucoside synthetase (UDPG-phenol glucosyl transferase) was devised. The method is based on the determination of labeled protocatechuic acid glucoside which is synthesized from uridine diphosphate 14C-glucose and protocatechuic acid.
The optimal pH for the glucoside synthetase reaction is 6.5. The enzyme activity is localized in a particulate fraction of fat body tissues and is partly found in the soluble fraction, presumably liberated during the course of centrifugation. In the female cockroach, the enzyme activity is distributed mainly in the fat body. Chemical analyses revealed that the reaction product is 4-O-β-D-glucoside of protocatechuic acid. The homogenate of fat body tissues can synthesize glucosides from UDPG and various phenols, such as O-aminophenol, p-nitrophenol and hydroquinone, as well as natural O-diphenols.
TL;DR: The enzyme activity to synthesize pyridoxine glucoside was demonstrated in intact cells and cell extracts of genera, Sarcina and Micrococcus and confirmed to be homogenous in poly-acrylamide-gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation.
Abstract: The enzyme activity to synthesize pyridoxine glucoside was demonstrated in intact cells and cell extracts of genera, Sarcina and Micrococcus. The isolated and identified strain, Micrococcus sp. No. 431 was found to have high activity of this enzyme in its cell extract. The enzyme activity reached to a maximum after 20 hr of cultivation. The enzyme which synthesized pyridoxine glucoside via transglucosidation from sucrose to pyridoxine was purified from Micrococcus sp. No. 431 by means of ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-Sephadex, hydroxylapatite and Sephadex G-100 column chromatogra-phies. The enzyme was purified about 354-fold and confirmed to be homogenous in poly-acrylamide-gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation.
TL;DR: The riboflavinyl glucoside (5'- D -riboflavin-α- D -glucopyranoside) is obtained with the acetone-dried powder of rat liver and various kinds of rib oflavin glycosides, which are readily soluble in cold water, sparingly soluble in ethanol, but insoluble in ether.
Abstract: Publisher Summary The riboflavinyl glucoside (5'- D -riboflavin-α- D -glucopyranoside) is obtained with the acetone-dried powder of rat liver and various kinds of riboflavin glycosides: riboflavinyl galactoside, riboflavinyl fructoside, and riboflavin oligosaccharides are easily formed from riboflavin and saccharide with Aspergillus oryzae or Taka-Diastase. Lactose and melibiose serve as galactosyl donors for riboflavinyl galaetosides. Sucrose serves both as fructosyl and glucosyl donor for riboflavinyl fructoside and riboflavinyl glucoside. All the glycosides are readily soluble in cold water, sparingly soluble in ethanol, but insoluble in ether. The melting point is 248°C–249°C for riboflavinyl glucoside and its crystals of turn brown and decomposes. The ratio of absorbancy at 375 to 450 nm is 0.85 for riboflavinyl glucoside. The growth of Aspergillus oryzae , Taka-Diastase powder, enzyme solution from cotyledons, and enzymatic synthesis are reviewed. The purification procedure involves the Crammer method with some modification.
TL;DR: In this article, structural structures for ponalactone A and its glucoside have been established for plant growth inhibitory activities, respectively, and the structures have been tested on a variety of plants.
Abstract: Structures (I) and (V) have been established, respectively, for ponalactone A and its glucoside; both exhibit plant growth inhibitory activities.
TL;DR: The enzyme activity to synthesize pyridoxine glucoside was demonstrated in intact cells and cell extracts of genera, Sarcina and Micrococcus and confirmed to be homogenous in polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation.
Abstract: The enzyme activity to synthesize pyridoxine glucoside was demonstrated in intact cells and cell extracts of genera, Sarcina and Micrococcus. The isolated and identified strain, Micrococcus sp. No. 431 was found to have high activity of this enzyme in its cell extract.The enzyme activity reached to a maximum after 20 hr of cultivation.The enzyme which synthesized pyridoxine glucoside via transglucosidation from sucrose to pyridoxine was purified from Micrococcus sp. No. 431 by means of ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-Sephadex, hydroxylapatite and Sephadex G–100 column chromatographies. The enzyme was purified about 354–fold and confirmed to be homogenous in polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation.