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Showing papers on "Glucoside published in 1977"



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Analysis of the kinetic data indicates that the catalytic site of the enzyme responsible for the beta-D-glucosidase activity is kinetically distinct from the beta -D-galactosid enzyme site.

54 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new bitter glycoside, conandroside and acteoside were isolated from Conandron ramoidioides as discussed by the authors, and conandro side was shown to be 2-(3′,4′-dihydroxy-phenyl)-ethanol 1- O -β-D -xylosyl-(1 → 3)-β- D -(4-caffeyl)-glucoside.

43 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A survey of plant growth regulators in seeds of Cucurbita pepo L. as discussed by the authors led to the isolation of three new gibberellins A30, A48 and A49, a new kaurenolide, and six plant growth regulator (a new compound named cucurbic acid, cucurbate glucoside, (+)-abscisic acid), 9, 10-dihydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid and its methyl ester).
Abstract: A survey of plant growth regulators in seeds of Cucurbita pepo L. led to the isolation of three new gibberellins A30, A48 and A49, a new kaurenolide, and six plant growth regulators (a new compound named cucurbic acid, cucurbic acid glucoside, methyl cucurbate glucoside, (+)-abscisic acid, 9, 10-dihydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid and its methyl ester) together with three abscisic acid-related compounds [(+)-2-trans-abscisic acid, (+)-dehydrovomifoliol and (+)-vomifoliol].

38 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 1977-Planta
TL;DR: Steryl glucoside was found to be the main glucosides synthesized, but the proportion of the acylated form increased with time, and data from chromatography and hydrolysis of the third lipid suggests that it is dolichyl-monophosphate-glucoside.
Abstract: Cellular membranes from dark grown hypocotyls of Phaseolus aureus Roxb. were separated by centrifugation on a continuous sucrose gradient. Each gradient fraction was monitored for activity of inosine diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.6) and the ability to transfer glucose from UDP-[14C]glucose to endogenous lipids in vitro. The highest incorporation of radioactivity into lipids occurred in a particulate fraction correlated with the Golgi apparatus, sedimenting at sucrose densities of 31.5–33% w/w. Three endogenous lipids were glucosylated in vitro. The two main lipids were characterized as steryl glucoside and acylated steryl glucoside; data from chromatography and hydrolysis of the third lipid suggests that it is dolichyl-monophosphate-glucoside. Steryl glucoside was found to be the main glucoside synthesized, but the proportion of the acylated form increased with time. The results are discussed in the context of the role of the Golgi apparatus as a centre of membrane modification within the plant cell.

35 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The observations support the conclusion that alpha-thioethyl glucoside, alpha-methyl glucosides and maltose are substrates of one or more proton symports, whereas they seem inconsistent with the notion that the absorption of alpha- methyl glucosid involves the phosphorylation of the carbohydrate.
Abstract: 1 When yeast NCYC 240 was grown with maltose in a complex medium based on yeast extract and peptone, washed cell preparations fermented alpha-methyl glucoside much more slowly than maltose 2 The yeast absorbed alpha-methyl[14C]glucoside from a 10mM solution in the presence of antimycin and iodoacetamide, producing [14C]glucose, which accumulated outside the cells The yeast itself contained hexose phosphates, trehalose, alpha-methyl glucoside and other products labelled with 14C, but no alpha-methyl glucoside phosphate 3 About 1 equiv of protons was absorbed with each equivalent of alpha-methylglucoside, and 1 equiv of K+ ions left the yeast 4 alpha-Thioethyl glucoside was also absorbed along with protons Studies by glc showed that the yeast concentrated the compound without metabolizing it 5 The presence of trehalose, sucrose, maltose, L-sorbose, glucose or alpha-phenyl glucoside in each case immediately stimulated proton uptake, whereas fructose, 3-O-methylglucose and 2-deoxyglucose failed to do so 6 The observations support the conclusion that alpha-thioethyl glucoside, alpha-methyl glucoside and maltose are substrates of one or more proton symports, whereas they seem inconsistent with the notion that the absorption of alpha-methyl glucoside involves the phosphorylation of the carbohydrate [Van Stevenick (1970) Biochim Biophys Acta 203, 376-384]

31 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new glucoside has been isolated from roots of L. caeruleum and its structure has been elucidated by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy as 6-O-β- d -glucopyranosyl-1-cyanomethylene-4, 5-dihydroxy-2-cyclohexene as discussed by the authors.

25 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The glycosylating activities of two enzymatic preparations from potato tubers were compared, using β-sitosterol and β-solanidine as substrate, with tentatively related these products to the six components of solanine.

23 citations





Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: One of the flavonoids isolated from the leaves of Salix viminalis, isorhamnetin 3- O - (6-acetylglucoside), is a new natural compound.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: All but one form of the 17alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenases exhibited greater activities towards the androgen, epitestosterone, than towards oestrogen substrates, and one enzyme displayed a high specificity towards the substrate oestradiol-17alpha 3-glucuronide.
Abstract: The six forms of the 17alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase purified from rabbit liver cytosol have very similar physical properties. The molecular weights of all the enzymes were within 3% of the average mol.wt of 39 600. Only one of the six enzymes showed a significant difference in amino acid composition. All but one form of the 17alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenases exhibited greater activities towards the androgen, epitestosterone, than towards oestrogen substrates. With oestrogen substrates one enzyme displayed a high specificity towards the substrate oestradiol-17alpha 3-glucuronide. This high activity was lost if the glucuronic acid moiety was removed or replaced by glucose or galacturonic acid. The other enzyme forms had approximately equal activity toward oestradiol-17alpha and its glucuronide or glucoside derivative. However, substitution of galacturonic acid at C-3 of oestradiol-17alpha substantially decreased the activity of all but one enzyme form.

Patent
09 Feb 1977
TL;DR: In this paper, a mixture of various glucosides may be isolated by solid/liquid extn. of the roots of pomegranate, Punica granatum var Albescens, or if the roots are first debarked, from the red flowered variety of Punicagranatum.
Abstract: Glucosides (I) of gallic acid and ellagic acid, are new. The cpds. are hypoglycemics. A mixture of various glucosides may be isolated by solid/liquid extn. of the roots of pomegranate, Punica granatum var Albescens, or if the roots are first debarked, from the red flowered variety of Punica granatum. The extn. may be effected using a lower alkanol or a mixture of acetone and dilute HCl. Penta-O-galloyl-beta-glucose (specifically claimed) may be prepd. by reaction of a gallic acid derivative having protected hydroxyl groups with beta-D-glucose, followed by removal of the protecting groups.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The glucosides including the tetra-acetates of alizarin, chrysazin, quinizarin and emodin were non-mutagenic, and the implication of possible genetic toxicity of hydroxy anthraquinones is not very surprising for this group of compounds.
Abstract: l(8)-monoglucoside were non-mutagenic, as were the glucoside tetra-acetates of alizarin, chrysazin and quinizarin. When tested with the bacterial enzymes, all glucosides including the tetra-acetates were mutagenic for strain TA1537, apparently owing to formation of the free aglycones, alizarin, chrysazin, quinizarin and emodin, which are specific for strain TA11537. Emodin glucoside exhibited maximal activity after treatment with both bacterial and microsomal enzymes. Franguloside was not as clearly activated by the bacterial extracts as were the glucosides. This agent may act as some other metabolite of the parent glycone. In addition to the 0-glycosides, two anthraquinone C-glucosides, namely aloin and carminic acid, were tested by the same procedures and found to be non-mutagenic. Frameshift mutagenicity among the flavonoid compounds tested was mainly confined to the flavonols (flavon-3-01s) (Table 2). The flavonols are probably the single largest group of flavonoids, and the most mutagenic agent detected, quercetin, is the most common flavonol aglycone. Two quercetin glycones, rutin (quercetin 3-~-rutinoside) and quercitrin (quercetin 3-~-rhamnoside), were found to be very weakly mutagenic in strains TA100, TA1537 and TA98 with microsomal activation (as reported earlier by Hardigree & Epler, 1977). Mutagenic activity of the glycones for these strains could be increased 10-20-fold by incorporating gut bacterial enzymic extracts and microsomal enzymes in the assay procedure. It is still uncertain into what mutagenic intermediates the glycones are converted. Weak glycosidase activity in the S9 preparations could account for these results. A number of additional agents including four flavanone glycones (hesperidin, naringin, robinin and neoeriocitrin), 16 dihydrochalcones and three dihydrochalcone glycones (hesperetin dihydrochalcone glucoside, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone and neoeriocitrin dihydrochalcone), also were tested and found to be non-mutagenic . The implication of possible genetic toxicity of hydroxy anthraquinones is not very surprising for this group of compounds in view of other forms of toxicity exhibited by many of its members (Kean, 1968; Uraguchi et al., 1972; Wells et a[., 1975; Fairbairn, 1976). The same cannot be said for the flavonols, which, although having many physiological effects, are apparently non-toxic in man.

Journal Article
TL;DR: All beta-glucosidases extracted and separated from a plant of Alocasia macrorrhiza are almost entirely specific for triglochinin, and it seems possible that the different beta- glucosinin arose during purification from the hexameric form which occurs in the plant.
Abstract: All beta-glucosidases extracted and separated from a plant of Alocasia macrorrhiza are almost entirely specific for triglochinin. The hexameric beta-glucosidase has been shown to dissociate in dimers without any alteration of activity. Reaggregation could only be demonstrated using bifunctional reagents like glutaraldehyde. Treatments of beta-glucosidase with various chemicals (e. g. glutaraldehyde, dodecyl sulfate) decreased the activity for triglochinin more than the activity for 4-nitrophenyl glucoside. On the other hand, specific reagents like bromocondurite or p-chloromercuribenzoate caused identical inactivations measured with various substrates. It seems possible that the different beta-glucosidases splitting triglochinin arose during purification from the hexameric form which occurs in the plant.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The main irritant substance of Hatomugi, Coix Lacryma-Jobi Linne, var. Ma-yuen Stapf, was isolated by means of hydrolysis, thin layer chromatography, elementary analysis and infrared spectroscopy.
Abstract: The main irritant substance of Hatomugi, Coix Lacryma-Jobi Linne, var. Ma-yuen Stapf, was isolated. From the results of analysis of this substance by means of hydrolysis, thin layer chromatography, elementary analysis and infrared spectroscopy, the irritant substance in Hatomugi was presumed as a glucoside of 3, 4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde.