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Glycolysis

About: Glycolysis is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 10593 publications have been published within this topic receiving 507460 citations. The topic is also known as: GO:0006096 & glycolysis.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Preclinical studies demonstrate that DCA has additive or synergistic effects when used in combination with standard agents designed to modify tumor oxidative stress, vascular remodeling, DNA integrity or immunity and limited clinical results suggest that potentially fruitful areas for additional clinical trials include adult and pediatric high grade astrocytomas.

190 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In response to temperature, communities behave biochemically similarly to single species and the understanding of temperature effects on CUE, energy production and use for maintenance and growth processes is still incomplete.
Abstract: We used metabolic tracers and modeling to analyze the response of soil metabolism to a sudden change in temperature from 4 to 20 °C. We hypothesized that intact soil microbial communities would exhibit shifts in pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis activity in the same way as is regularly observed for individual microorganisms in pure culture. We also hypothesized that increased maintenance respiration at higher temperature would result in greater energy production and reduced carbon use efficiency (CUE). Two hours after temperature increase, respiration increased almost 10-fold. Although all metabolic processes were increased, the relative activity of metabolic processes, biosynthesis, and energy production changed. Pentose phosphate pathway was reduced (17–20%), while activities of specific steps in glycolysis (51%) and Krebs cycle (7–13%) were increased. In contrast, only small but significant changes in biosynthesis (+2%), ATP production (−3%) and CUE (+2%) were observed. In a second experiment, we compared the metabolic responses to temperature increases in soils from high and low elevation. The shift in activity from pentose phosphate pathway to glycolysis with higher temperature was confirmed in both soils, but the responses of Krebs cycle, biosynthesis, ATP production, and CUE were site dependent. Our results indicate that 1) in response to temperature, communities behave biochemically similarly to single species and, 2) our understanding of temperature effects on CUE, energy production and use for maintenance and growth processes is still incomplete.

190 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is reported that most tumor cells have a substantial reserve capacity to produce ATP by oxidative phosphorylation when glycolysis is suppressed, adding to mounting evidence that the high rate of glycoleysis exhibited by most tumors is required to support cell growth rather than to compensate for defect(s) in mitochondrial function.

190 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that loss of function of UCP2 does not result in a significant increase in ROS production or an increased propensity for cells to undergo senescence in culture, and instead, Ucp2—/— cells display enhanced proliferation associated with a metabolic switch from fatty acid oxidation to glucose metabolism.
Abstract: Uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) belongs to the mitochondrial carrier family and has been thought to be involved in suppressing mitochondrial ROS production through uncoupling mitochondrial respiration from ATP synthesis However, we show here that loss of function of UCP2 does not result in a significant increase in ROS production or an increased propensity for cells to undergo senescence in culture Instead, Ucp2-/- cells display enhanced proliferation associated with a metabolic switch from fatty acid oxidation to glucose metabolism This metabolic switch requires the unrestricted availability of glucose, and Ucp2-/- cells more readily activate autophagy than wild-type cells when deprived of glucose Altogether, these results suggest that UCP2 promotes mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation while limiting mitochondrial catabolism of pyruvate The persistence of fatty acid catabolism in Ucp2+/+ cells during a proliferative response correlates with reduced cell proliferation and enhances resistance to glucose starvation-induced autophagy

189 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In cells in which glucose oxidation is switched off during starvation, fatty acids are used as fuel, and acetyl CoA and NADH formed by β‐oxidation promote phosphorylation of PDH complex by activation ofPDH kinase.
Abstract: Glucose is essential for the energy metabolism of some cells and conservation of glucose is obligatory for survival during starvation. The principal site of this glucose conservation is the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex, which is regulated by reversible phosphorylation (phosphorylation is inactivating). In cells in which glucose oxidation is switched off during starvation, fatty acids are used as fuel, and acetyl CoA and NADH formed by beta-oxidation promote phosphorylation of PDH complex by activation of PDH kinase. A longer-term mechanism further increases PDH kinase activity in response to cAMP and products of beta-oxidation of fatty acids. Coordinated inhibition of glycolytic flux mediated by effects of citrate on PFK1 and PFK2 in muscles and liver results in an associated inhibition of glucose uptake. Similar mechanisms lead to impaired glucose oxidation in diabetes.

189 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20231,429
20221,705
2021581
2020587
2019466
2018391