Topic
Graduated driver licensing
About: Graduated driver licensing is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 443 publications have been published within this topic receiving 13861 citations. The topic is also known as: GDLS & GDL.
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TL;DR: Patterns of risk among teenage drivers form the basis for graduated licensing systems, which are designed to promote low-risk and discourage high-risk driving.
725 citations
TL;DR: It was found that crash rates drop most dramatically during the first 6 months of driving, and a graduated driver licensing system is identified as an effective method for ensuring that this development takes place in a more forgiving environment.
598 citations
TL;DR: The data indicate that the risk of fatal injury for a 16- or 17-year-old driver increases with the number of passengers, which supports inclusion of restrictions on carrying passengers in graduated licensing systems for young drivers.
Abstract: ContextInjuries from motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death among
teenagers. Carrying passengers has been identified as a possible risk factor
for these crashes.ObjectiveTo determine whether the presence of passengers is associated with an
increased risk of crashes fatal to 16- and 17-year-old drivers and whether
the risk varies by time of day and age and sex of drivers and passengers.Design and SettingIncidence study of data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System
and General Estimates System (1992-1997), as well as the Nationwide Personal
Transportation Survey (1995).SubjectsDrivers aged 16 and 17 years who drove passenger cars, vans, or pickup
trucks.Main Outcome MeasureDriver deaths per 10 million trips by number of passengers, driver age
and sex, and time of day; and driver deaths per 1000 crashes by passenger
age and sex.ResultsCompared with drivers of the same age without passengers, the relative
risk of death per 10 million trips was 1.39 (95% confidence interval [CI],
1.24-1.55) for 16-year-old drivers with 1 passenger, 1.86 (95% CI, 1.56-2.20)
for those with 2 passengers, and 2.82 (95% CI, 2.27-3.50) for those with 3
or more passengers. The relative risk of death was 1.48 (95% CI, 1.35-1.62)
for 17-year-old drivers with 1 passenger, 2.58 (95% CI, 2.24-2.95) for those
with 2 passengers, and 3.07 (95% CI, 2.50-3.77) for those with 3 or more passengers.
The risk of death increased significantly for drivers transporting passengers
irrespective of the time of day or sex of the driver, although male drivers
were at greater risk. Driver deaths per 1000 crashes increased for 16- and
17-year-olds transporting male passengers or passengers younger than 30 years.ConclusionOur data indicate that the risk of fatal injury for a 16- or 17-year-old
driver increases with the number of passengers. This result supports inclusion
of restrictions on carrying passengers in graduated licensing systems for
young drivers.
524 citations
TL;DR: The results indicated that passenger presence was associated with proportionately more at-fault fatal crashes for drivers aged 24 and younger, were a neutral factor fordrivers aged 25-29, and were associated with fewer at-Fault involvements for Drivers aged 30 and older.
278 citations
TL;DR: The findings lend support to delaying licensure among teenagers in the United States, where licensure commonly is allowed at age 16, and to graduated licensing systems that phase in unsupervised driving during high-risk situations as teenagers gain independent driving experience.
263 citations