Graphology

About: Graphology is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 214 publications have been published within this topic receiving 2492 citations.

An Emotional Spatial Handwriting System

Abstract: According to graphology, people's emotional states can be detected from their handwriting. Unlike writing on paper, which can be analysed through its on-surface properties, spatial interaction-based handwriting is entirely in-air. Consequently, the techniques used in graphology to reveal the emotions of the writer are not directly transferable to spatial interaction. The purpose of our research is to propose a 3D handwriting system with emotional capabilities.For our study, we retained height basic emotions represented by a large spectrum of coordinates in the Russell's valence-arousal model: afraid, angry, disgusted, happy, sad, surprised, amorous and serious. We used the Leap Motion sensor (https://www.leapmotion.com) to capture hand motion; C# and the Unity 3D game engine (https://unity3d.com) for the 3D rendering of the handwritten characters. With our system, users can write freely with their fingers in the air and immerse themselves in their handwriting by wearing a virtual reality headset.We aim to create a rendering model that can be universally applied to any handwriting and any alphabet: our choice of parameters is inspired by both Latin typography and Chinese calligraphy, characterised by its four elementary writing instruments: the brush, the ink, the brush-stand and the ink-stone. The final parameter selection process was carried out by immersing ourselves in our own in-air handwriting and through numerous trials.The five rendering parameters we chose are: (1) weight determined by the radius of the rendered stroke; (2) smoothness determined by the minimum length of one stroke segment; (3) tip of stroke determined by the ratio of the radius to the writing speed; (4) ink density determined by the opacity of the rendering material; and (5) ink dryness determined by the texture of the rendering material, which can be coarse or smooth.Having implemented the 3D handwriting system and empirically determined five rendering parameters, we designed a survey to gather opinions on which rendering parameters' values are most effective at conveying the intended emotions. For each parameter, we created three handwriting samples by varying the value of the parameter, and to avoid the combinatorial explosion of the number of samples, each parameter was made to vary independently of the others. The formula we used to calculate the optimal value of a parameter is as follows:Where i = 1, 2, 3 refers to the value of the parameter used in the sample; Q is the total number of respondents (64 in average); qi is the number of people who chose that sample; and Pi denotes the parameter. Applying the R values to the 3D handwriting system in Unity, we obtain the eight emotional styles illustrated below.We calculated the Euclidean distances between each pair of emotions using their 2D coordinates (x, y) in the Russell's valence-arousal emotion model and their 5-dimensional vectors of normalised parameters' values. Across all pairs of emotions, there is a positive correlation (R=0.41) between the two distances. This is an interesting result, which seems to support the choice of parameters' values that was made in the model.We then conducted another survey (42 respondents) to evaluate the emotional capabilities of our rendering model. Handwriting samples in both Chinese and English were produced for each of the 8 emotions, making a total of 16 samples. The four most notably recognised emotions are: afraid, sad, serious and angry. Binomial tests with a 95% confidence interval showed that for these four emotions the respondents' choices were significantly different from random chance. We note that these four emotions have all negative or neutral valence in the Russell's valence-arousal model. The emotion afraid was particularly well recognised. The emotion happy was well recognised but was also often confused for serious. The least correctly identified emotions are disgusted, amorous and surprised. Selecting one emotion among eight by observing a single word sample is a difficult exercise, but the results are encouraging.

‘What lies beneath: John Kinsella’s graphology poems: 1995–2015’

Abstract: John Kinsella’s three-volume Graphology Poems: 1995–2015 (2016) constitutes a major and shifting set of poetic statements. Partly a discontinuous poetic chronicle of life in Western Australia’s Avo...

Performance Evaluation of various Machine Learning Algorithms for Personality Detection using Handwritten Document

Abstract: Handwriting is solitary of the individual characteristics to express all the things in ours mind, to speak with one another. Handwriting expose actual characters including behavior, psychological expenditure, self-respect, temper, fears, honesty, creativity, uprightness, anxiety, defense and plenty of other personality traits. Graphology is the methodology as understanding and evaluates along with grab the writer’s traits through the configuration, and structure of the word within the handwriting. A Characteristic is often recognizing through several handwriting features like size of letters, pen pressure, baseline, top margin, slant of letters

La perizia grafica e documentale nel caso Lindbergh

Abstract: Graphology experts operate in two main areas: verification of the authenticity of a piece of writing in cases of imitations or counterfeits, and the search for the identity of the writer in the case of anonymous letters. Letters have an expressive power relating to the author, as the author unwittingly expresses a complete set “fugitive gestures”. Such individual habitual slips are of particular value as they escape conscious control. In an investigation it is a essential to go from testimony to proof , and scientific research therefore aims at finding something , rather than someone . These somethings are of demonstrative objective value, and are called “silent witnesses”. In the case of the Lindbergh kidnapping and murder in America in 1932, the 14 ransom letters sent by the kidnapper turned out to be the main indictment for the prime suspect, Bruno Richard Hauptmann: the comparison between his handwriting and that of the anonymous letters represented a reliable clue to the kidnapper’s identity, thus showing graphology expertise to be a valid investigative technique.

Grafología aplicada en la detección de perfiles psicológicos de individuos transgresores de normas: Artículo de revisión bibliográfica

Abstract: Among the most complex tasks for mental health professionals dedicated to evaluating people is obtaining psychological profiles, since a high level of expertise is required, especially when trying to assess whether the person has relative characteristics. to the transgression of norms. On the other hand, to develop detection strategies for subjects who violate norms in graphological evaluation, it is necessary to understand some basic concepts such as the definition of graphology, the importance of knowing the sectorisation of the letter and its areas. It is for these reasons that the objective of this manuscript is to analyze the bibliography referring to the psychological profile of individuals who violate norms and their relationship with graphology as a mechanism for detecting this behavior. It was possible to define the psychological characteristics of the subjects who violated the norms, through theoretical frames: the first frame was the psychiatric medical vision using the DSM. The second frame was psychoanalysis, which from the perversion construct, argues that the subject enjoys taking away the status of subject from the other. Keywords: transgression of norms, graphology, profile, psychology, psychological analysis.