Green chemistry metrics

About: Green chemistry metrics is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 172 publications have been published within this topic receiving 18490 citations.

Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice

Abstract: 1: Introduction. 2: What is Green Chemistry?. 3: Tools of Green Chemistry. 4: Principles of Green Chemistry. 5: Evaluating the Impacts of Chemistry. 6: Evaluating Feedstocks and Starting Materials. 7: Evaluating Reaction Types. 8: Evaluation of Methods to Design Safer Chemicals. 9: Illustrative Examples. 10: Future Trends in Green Chemistry

A metrics suite for object oriented design

Abstract: Given the central role that software development plays in the delivery and application of information technology, managers are increasingly focusing on process improvement in the software development area. This demand has spurred the provision of a number of new and/or improved approaches to software development, with perhaps the most prominent being object-orientation (OO). In addition, the focus on process improvement has increased the demand for software measures, or metrics with which to manage the process. The need for such metrics is particularly acute when an organization is adopting a new technology for which established practices have yet to be developed. This research addresses these needs through the development and implementation of a new suite of metrics for OO design. Metrics developed in previous research, while contributing to the field's understanding of software development processes, have generally been subject to serious criticisms, including the lack of a theoretical base. Following Wand and Weber (1989), the theoretical base chosen for the metrics was the ontology of Bunge (1977). Six design metrics are developed, and then analytically evaluated against Weyuker's (1988) proposed set of measurement principles. An automated data collection tool was then developed and implemented to collect an empirical sample of these metrics at two field sites in order to demonstrate their feasibility and suggest ways in which managers may use these metrics for process improvement. >

Analytical eco-scale for assessing the greenness of analytical procedures

Abstract: We propose the analytical Eco-Scale as a novel comprehensive approach to evaluating the greenness of analytical methodology. It is based on assigning penalty points to parameters of an analytical process that are not in agreement with the ideal green analysis. This approach compares different parameters and different steps of the analytical process. Traditional green chemistry metrics (e.g., Atom Economy, E-factor and Reaction Mass Efficiency), which were introduced for organic preparations, do not usually fit the purposes of green analytical chemistry. Existing databases for evaluation of green analytical methods refer to known procedures and instruments, and do not encourage new, more environmentally-friendly equivalents. As an alternative to traditional green chemistry metrics, the analytical Eco-Scale can be a good, semi-quantitative tool.

Tools and techniques for solvent selection: green solvent selection guides

Abstract: Driven by legislation and evolving attitudes towards environmental issues, establishing green solvents for extractions, separations, formulations and reaction chemistry has become an increasingly important area of research Several general purpose solvent selection guides have now been published with the aim to reduce use of the most hazardous solvents This review serves the purpose of explaining the role of these guides, highlighting their similarities and differences How they can be used most effectively to enhance the greenness of chemical processes, particularly in laboratory organic synthesis and the pharmaceutical industry, is addressed in detail