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Showing papers on "GSM published in 1990"


Journal Article
TL;DR: The paper describes the GSM radio interface in detail, covering both the traffic and signalling channels, and centred on the mobile switch to base station interface and the base to mobile station (radio) interface.
Abstract: The groupe speciale mobile (GSM) digital cellular radio system, to be introduced into Europe in 1991, is the first standardised cellular radio system to use digital transmission. Given the novel design of the system considerable effort has gone into producing the system specifications. These have been centred on the two major interfaces present in the system ― the mobile switch to base station interface and the base to mobile station (radio) interface. The paper describes the GSM radio interface in detail, covering both the traffic and signalling channels

77 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
W.R. Mande1
06 May 1990
TL;DR: A simulation tool for the evaluation of a proposed GSM handover algorithm is described, based on a model of a cellular network, where the radio propagation characteristics are assumed to follow a lognormal law with Rayleigh fading.
Abstract: In the future pan-European cellular mobile telephone system of the 'Groupe Speciale Mobile (GSM)' of CEPT, the decision whether a handover shall happen can be based on a set of variables whose values are measured in the system. Some performance measures for handover algorithms are reported, and a simulation tool for the evaluation of a proposed GSM handover algorithm is described. Some results of the evaluation are included. Special attention is given to the time over which the sampled values are averaged. The evaluation is based on a model of a cellular network, where the radio propagation characteristics are assumed to follow a lognormal law with Rayleigh fading. For given routes of mobiles, measurements of the received signal level are obtained by simulation and fed to the handover algorithm. >

65 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
C.-E.W. Sundberg1, N. Seshadri1
02 Dec 1990
TL;DR: The North American system is compared to the pan-European digital GSM (Groupe Speciale Mobile) system, and techniques that may be used to further improve the system capacity of future digital cellular systems beyond the current standard are discussed.
Abstract: Standards for a new cellular mobile radio system for North America are currently being defined. The system will use digital transmission in contrast to the present analog system. Capacity is increased by means of three techniques. These are: sending three digital voice channels in one current analog FM channel (maintaining spectral compatibility), increased trunking efficiency, and exploiting improved frequency reuse offered by robust digital transmission techniques. The main elements of the system, such as multiple access digital modulation, speech coding, channel coding, and equalization, are briefly discussed. The North American system is compared to the pan-European digital GSM (Groupe Speciale Mobile) system, and techniques that may be used to further improve the system capacity of future digital cellular systems beyond the current standard are discussed. >

42 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the modulator IC is a mixed analog/digital transceiver component in a chip set that is designed for the hand-held terminals of the pan-European 900-MHz Groupe Special Mobile (GSM) digital cellular radio network.
Abstract: The modulator IC is a mixed analog/digital transceiver component in a chip set that is designed for the hand-held terminals of the pan-European 900-MHz Groupe Special Mobile (GSM) digital cellular radio network. The concept of the radio-frequency environment in which the circuit is used is explained, focusing on the differences in existing systems. The architecture and different functions of the modulator circuit and details of the digital and analog processing in the transmission mode are discussed. The receiving mode, which is mostly based on analog processing, is highlighted. The device generates Gaussian minimum-shift-keying (GMSK) modulation and converts the received signal to 8-b words after filtering. The modulator IC uses digital waveform generation and a quadrature signal representation. This device is implemented in a 1.5- mu m CMOS technology. The power consumption is less than 35 mW from a 5-V supply. >

28 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
M. Ballard1, E. Issenmann1
TL;DR: Alcatel has contributed in developing a pan-European digital Cellular mobile-Radio system, the ECR900, based on the Intelligent Network (IN) concept, which has already been ordered in France for the GSM Mobile-Radio network, in the Federal Republic of Germany and in the Netherlands.
Abstract: In Europe, second generation equipment for mobile telecommunications will operate in the WMHz band as defined by the Groupe Special Mobile (GSM) of the European Conference of Posts and Telecommunications (CEPT). By contributing to and complying with these recommendations, Alcatel, in cooperation with Nokia and AEG, has contributed in developing a pan-European digital Cellular mobile-Radio system, the ECR900. This system is based on the Intelligent Network (IN) concept. The Alcatel E10 and the System 12 digital switches are compatible IN components and naturally accommodate the ECR900 system. Outside these digital exchanges, specific mobile functions are concentrated at mobile-radio service control points, built on ALCATEL8300 telecommunication processors. The ECR900 system has already been ordered in France for the GSM Mobile-Radio network, in the Federal Republic of Germany and in the Netherlands.

21 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
Bruno Chatras1, C. Vernhes
01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: The principles which have been followed to specify the Mobile Application Part (MAP) protocol which is intended to support the pan-European digital cellular mobile system (GSM system) are described.
Abstract: This paper describes the principles which have been followed to specify the Mobile Application Part (MAP) protocol which is intended to support the pan-European digital cellular mobile system (GSM system). This was the first non-call related protocol to be standardized. The first part of the paper describes which services are requested from the various layers of CCITT Signaling System N7 and how they are used. In the second part the choices made for the design of this specific application protocol are explained. The interworking issues are then highlighted and finally, the evolution of such a protocol to support other services is dealt with.

18 citations


14 Mar 1990
TL;DR: The paper reviews solutions to implement the synthesiser/modulator functions, considering both fundamental problems and circuit cost, size and power requirements, and the use of two point modulation which overcomes the fundamental limitations.
Abstract: A pan-European cellular radio system is being devised by the Groupe Special Mobile (GSM), a committee originally set up by the CEPT and now transferred into ETSI. The system will employ a digital radio link with GMSK at a data rate of approximately 270 kb/s. Modulation requirements and frequency hopping pose many problems in the design of the synthesiser/modulator for handheld terminal equipment. The paper reviews solutions to implement the synthesiser/modulator functions, considering both fundamental problems and circuit cost, size and power requirements. The direct synthesis of GMSK by DSP and digital to analog conversion can meet modulation accuracy requirements, but is limited by speed and cost. However, direct modulation for the GSM radio system is not possible with many standard forms of synthesiser. These problems are discussed, and the use of two point modulation which overcomes the fundamental limitations is introduced.

16 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
17 Sep 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a complementary bipolar integrated circuit with a digitally controlled-gain 100-MHz IF and GMSK (Gaussian minimum shift keying) quadrature demodulator is described.
Abstract: A circuit including a 100-MHz IF amplifier with a digitally controlled gain of 0-to-45 dB, a quadrature phase-shifter, balanced mixers, and active/sleep mode capability is described. The measured gain and quadrature phase variation was less than 1 dB and 1 degrees , respectively. The 92-mW circuit was fabricated using a 4.0 GHz complementary bipolar process. A complementary bipolar integrated circuit with a digitally controlled-gain 100-MHz IF (intermediate frequency) and GMSK (Gaussian minimum shift keying) quadrature demodulator is described. The digital selection of IF amplifier gains from 0 to 45 dB in 3-dB steps with a gain error of less than +or-1 dB has been achieved. In addition, a phase error variation of less than +or-1 degrees in the quadrature demodulator has been demonstrated. The circuit has applications for use in digital cellular telephony with specifications suited for mobile cellular terminals that comply with the GSM (Groupe Special Mobile) digital cellular standard. >

15 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new satellite system at EHF (40150 GHz) to be integrated at the end of the decade with the GSM system or its descendants, and a preliminary system design is illustrated to show the technical feasibility in the proposed ten years time scale.
Abstract: Cellular systems are gaining wide acceptance. In Europe the GSM system is expected to provide service to more than 10 million users by the year 2000. Assuming that a demand for additional services at 64 kbit/s or so will not easily be satisfied either by the present GSM system or by advanced satellite systems at L-band, this paper proposes a new satellite system at EHF (40150 GHz) to be integrated at the end of the decade with the GSM system or its descendants. First, the paper describes the main obstacles for the new system, in terms of channel characteristics and technology developments, and then illustrates a preliminary system design to show the technical feasibility in the proposed ten years time scale.

10 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: A test facility which has been built to allow extensive laboratory testing of the GSM radio link under RF propagation conditions similar to those encountered in the field, i.e. multipath propagation, long term fading and interference conditions.
Abstract: The groupe speciale mobile (GSM) digital mobile radio system will be introduced throughout most of Europe in 1991. The paper describes a test facility which has been built to allow extensive laboratory testing of the radio link. A wide band fading simulator (WFS) lies at the heart of the test facility. The WFS enables laboratory testing of the GSM radio link under RF propagation conditions similar to those encountered in the field, i.e. multipath propagation, long term fading and interference conditions

7 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
03 Apr 1990
TL;DR: A systematic study of code excited linear predictive (CELP) coders is presented, and an optimized version complying with the specifications for a GSM half-rate coder is described.
Abstract: A systematic study of code excited linear predictive (CELP) coders is presented. The design of an optimized version complying with the specifications for a GSM half-rate coder is described. This study is divided into three parts: election of an unquantized configuration, assuming unquantized scale factors and filter coefficients, fine tuning of the parameter quantization, and adaptation to the GSM specifications. A strong emphasis is placed on efficient codebook search procedures, and two approaches are briefly described: the truncated autocorrelation approach and the unity-magnitude approach. The final coder version achieves a very good combination of speech quality and implementation complexity. >

F.C. Owen1
27 Nov 1990
TL;DR: The author discusses the radio interface requirements of the specification and some of the radio access control procedures of the DECT standard.
Abstract: The Digital European Cordless Telecommunications (DECT) standard is being produced under the auspices of the ETSI organisation by manufacturers, operators and the administrations of Europe. DECT aims to harmonise a multitude of cordless services into a single integrated system. The standard combines both voice telephony and data network teleservices and includes support for both ISDN and X.25. In addition a gateway to the pan European GSM digital cellular system is provided to enable mobile cordless base stations. It is important to note that the DECT standard differs from that of other mobile systems, such as GSM, in that it is an air interface standard only and does not include a full fixed network specification. The author discusses the radio interface requirements of the specification and some of the radio access control procedures.

Patent
Arto Kiema1
27 Apr 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a GSM mobile phone with a basic unit (10) provided with a memory (12) necessary for the processing of speech signals (S) only, whereby processing of the possible datasignals (D) is carried out in an auxiliary unit (30) connected to the interface (20), the auxiliary unit com­prising the memory (32) required for processing the data signals (D).
Abstract: The invention relates to a GSM mobile phone with a basic unit (10) provided with a memory (12) necessary for the processing of speech signals (S) only, whereby the processing of the possible datasignals (D) is carried out in an auxiliary unit (30) connected to the interface (20), the auxiliary unit com­prising the memory (32) required for the processing of the data signals (D).

Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: In this article, the modulator IC is designed to integrate all analog baseband processing components of the European Groupe Special Mobile (GSM) digital cellular radio terminals onto a single component, which is located at the interface of the analog 900-MHz radio-frequency part and the baseband digital signal processing part of the mobile terminal.
Abstract: The modulator IC has been designed to integrate all analog baseband processing components of the European Groupe Special Mobile (GSM) digital cellular radio terminals onto a single component. The IC is located at the interface of the analog 900-MHz radio-frequency part and the baseband digital signal processing part of the mobile terminal. The modulator part time-multiplexes the receive and transmit operations and combines low-noise receive circuitry with a digital modulator. The device uses digital waveform generation and a balanced quadrature representation for both modulation and demodulation of the Gaussian minimum-shift-keying (GMSK) signal. To enhance testability of the high-density printed-circuit boards, advanced test features have also been implemented in the modulator IC. In the transmit direction, the modulator IC converts digitally encoded speech or data at an instantaneous rate of 270 kb/s to the I (in-phase) and Q (quadrature) analog signals which are used to modulate a 900-MHz carrier. >

17 May 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the development of cellular radio in the UK and discuss the advantages of having one standard in itself, which in itself should bring prices down because for the first time both infrastructure and terminal manufacturers really will have a mass market in which to sell.
Abstract: Discusses the development of cellular radio in the UK. By mid 1991 one will see the start of two digital cellular services and in 1992 the start of three new personal communication networks (PCNs). The most significant fact is that all five of these networks will most probably be based on a common standard-the Groupe Speciale Mobile (GSM)-and this will be adopted throughout Europe. Having one standard in itself should bring prices down because for the first time both infrastructure and terminal manufacturers really will have a mass market in which to sell. So even without any other consideration there will inevitably be some price benefits emerging from the sheer economies of scale. >

01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: The possibilities of using the network structure of a particular communication network, GSM, for localization purposes, and an overview of the GSM (Groupe Special Mobile) system are investigated.
Abstract: This paper investigates the possibilities of using the network structure of a particular communication network, GSM, for localization purposes. An overview of the GSM (Groupe Special Mobile) system is provided.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
06 May 1990
TL;DR: Measurements of complex impulse responses and transmission of pan-European mobile telephone system GSM timeslots have been carried out in different environments and the distributions of time-jitter as a function of different environments are given.
Abstract: Measurements of complex impulse responses and transmission of pan-European mobile telephone system GSM timeslots have been carried out in different environments. The short-term variations of the mobile channel have been simulated on computer for comparison. Power, time and phase gradients put demands on the receiver. The variations of these parameters are discussed in theoretical, numerical, and experimental terms. The experimentally obtained values of power gradients are on the order 10 dB between two frames at the 1% level, while the variation from one timeslot to the next is on the order 3 dB at normal speeds of about 50 km/h. Theoretically obtained values show considerably higher variations. The distributions of time-jitter as a function of different environments are also given. >

23 Jul 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss only those parts of the device concerned directly with the Viterbi equalisation; the carrier burst detection and frequency measurement blocks were designed using an analogous methodology.
Abstract: The GSM system for pan-European cellular radio is the first to require channel equalisation in a consumer product. The output data, together with confidence information, is fed to another VLSI device which carries out the FEC decoding. Other outputs, and control inputs, are in the main supplied by a microprocessor over a proprietary bus. The authors discuss only those parts of the device concerned directly with the Viterbi equalisation; the carrier burst detection and frequency measurement blocks were designed using an analogous methodology. >

26 Jan 1990
TL;DR: The suitability of different types of equaliser for use in terminal equipment for pan European digital cellular radio, a new radio standard for mobile telecommunications which applies across most of Western Europe, is discussed.
Abstract: Discusses the suitability of different types of equaliser for use in terminal equipment for pan European digital cellular radio. The latter is a new radio standard for mobile telecommunications which applies across most of Western Europe and is due to become operational from June 1991. The telephone system is also referred to as the GSM system after Groupe Speciale Mobile-the committee set up by CEPT to define the new radio standard. Service is provided by high capacity radio links from base stations to three types of telephone: vehicle mounted, transportable and handportable. A critical part of the GSM system is maintaining the integrity of the radio link in the presence of noise, interference and fading multipath. There are three key elements in the receiver structure: RF/IF signal processing, the equaliser and the channel decoder. Only the equaliser overcomes multipath, and the structure of this element is discussed in this paper. GSM have specified that delays, due to multipath propagation spanning 16 mu s must be equalised. Two approaches to achieving this are considered; an equaliser based on the Viterbi algorithm (VA) and a decision feedback equaliser (DFE).

Dissertation
01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: This study concludes that the more rapid progress of floating-point DSPs and their superior programming flexibilities and precision will probably render them the best choice in the future.
Abstract: The fantastic growth in communication systems points to the fact that human beings need to exchange information in order to achieve better social, cultural and technical developments. Voice communication remains the dominant part of nearly all emerging communication networks. The remarkable progress in both the development of digital signal processing techniques and the associated VLSI technology has made analogue telephony redundant. Low bit-rate digital coding of voice has become of paramount importance in accommodating the tremendous increases in the number of users in the presence of constraints of bandwidth and power in such areas as cellular radio or satellite links. In this research, we have been concerned with the real-time implementation of speech coders in the range of 13 to 4.8 kbit/s. When this work started, the world's first floatingpoint processor, AT&T WE-DSP32, had just become commercially available. We may claim that we were amongst the first users of this chip and its enhanced version, DSP32C. During the course of this work, three coders at 13, 9.6 and 4.8 kbit/s were successfully implemented in real-time . The coders were developed for use in three different communication systems covering the fields of maritime (INMARSAT-M), satellite (VSAT), land-mobile (GSM) telephony. It is the aim of this thesis to report on the software and hardware developments of the three coders, together with considerations on their performances. Although, the major emphasis of the thesis is placed on the software and hardware implementation of the three coders, some of the more general aspects of real-time speech coding are put in perspective. The issue of fixed and floating-point implementation together with a review of a selection of DSP chips in both categories are presented. This study concludes that the more rapid progress of floating-point DSPs and their superior programming flexibilities and precision will probably render them the best choice in the future.

01 Oct 1990
TL;DR: An architecture for a mobile satellite system proposed for integration with the pan-European GSM terrestrial cellular system is described in this article, with emphasis on multispot coverage of the cell, and a carrier-to-interference analysis is performed.
Abstract: An architecture for a mobile satellite system proposed for integration with the pan-European GSM terrestrial cellular system is described. A cellular satellite system concept is outlined with emphasis on multispot coverage of the cell, and a carrier-to-interference analysis is performed. It is noted that a suitable payload structure is needed to allow the flexible management of the channels assigned to a certain cell, and a multiport transponder (MPT) payload architecture is introduced, where an MPT is a wideband transparent multibeam cell-transponder provided with an intrinsic soft-fail capability. A proposal for a comprehensive program encompassing an experiment including a propagation mission and a communication mission is discussed, and attention is focused on experiments with highly inclined orbit mobile-radio channels, statistical channel models, and mobile-terminal terrain antenna.

01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: In this article, the feasibility of a new satellite system at EHF (40/50 GHz) to complement, at the end of the decade, the GSM system or its decendants in order to provide additional services at 64 kbits/s, or so, is discussed.
Abstract: The pan-European L-band terrestrial cellular system (GSM) is expected to provide service to more than 10 million users by the year 2000. Discussed here is the feasibility of a new satellite system at EHF (40/50 GHz) to complement, at the end of the decade, the GSM system or its decendants in order to provide additional services at 64 kbits/s, or so. The main system aspects, channel characteristics, technology issues, and both on-board and earth terminal architectures are highlighted. Based on the performed analyses, a proposal was addressed to the Italian Space Agency (ASI), aimed at the implementation of a national plan.

26 Oct 1990
TL;DR: The multitasking and vectorization design for the GSM is described, one proposes to implement the latitude tasking scheme for multiprocessing the loop over latitude in the calculation of spectral tendencies and adjusted model variables.
Abstract: : The objective of this study is the development of a vectorized, multiprocessing global spectral model (GSM) with enhanced physical parameterizations The starting point for this work is the current Geophysics Laboratory (GL) GSM Described is the multitasking and vectorization design for the GSM One proposes to implement the latitude tasking scheme for multiprocessing the loop over latitude in the calculation of spectral tendencies and adjusted model variables The general truncation version of the hydrodynamics code will be used Wavenumber calculations will be multiprocessed and vectorized over wavenumber All gridpoint calculations will be vectorized over longitude The physics packages will be modified to bring them into close compliance with the plug compatibility rules

01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: The role of GSM (Groupe Speciale Mobile) to vehicle navigation and information systems and its key features are described.
Abstract: This paper focuses on the role of GSM (Groupe Speciale Mobile) to vehicle navigation and information systems. A brief history of cellular radio is presented, followed by a description of the GSM network and its key features.

01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical examination of the problem of vehicle location, with different methods being considered, is presented, along with a review of the more important standardized cellular systems used throughout Europe.
Abstract: This paper begins with a theoretical examination of the problem of vehicle location, with different methods being considered. The paper continues with a review of the more important standardized cellular systems used throughout Europe. The paper closes with a section on the GSM system ( Paneuropean Digital Cellular System) with an analysis of its possibilities for vehicle location.

01 Jan 1990
TL;DR: In this article, a new concept for a satellite based public mobile communications system, LOOPUS Mob-D, is introduced, whereby most of the classical problems in mobile satellite systems are approached in a different way.
Abstract: A new concept for a satellite based public mobile communications system, LOOPUS Mob-D, is introduced, whereby most of the classical problems in mobile satellite systems are approached in a different way. The LOOPUS system will offer a total capacity of 6000 high rate channels in three service areas (Europe, Asia, and North America), covering the entire Northern Hemisphere with a set of group special mobile (GSM) compatible mobile services, eventually providing the 'office in the car'. Special characteristics of the LOOPUS orbit and the communications network architecture are highlighted.


Proceedings ArticleDOI
J. Rapeli1
17 Sep 1990
TL;DR: An analog mobile phone is described and broken down into basic technological requirements for each block and the question to which extent cellular mobile telephones (CMTs) will use ASICs or standard ICs is addressed.
Abstract: An analog mobile phone is described and broken down into basic technological requirements for each block. Silicon integration with enhanced speeds/densities of a single technology as well as with mixed technologies and signal-processing based design are considered. New requirements of operation in the 2-GHz frequency range and high bit rates for time-division multiple access, frequency-division duplex, or time-division duplex (TDMA, FDD, or TDD) systems are described. Directions for development are given. The question to which extent cellular mobile telephones (CMTs) will use ASICs or standard ICs is addressed. >