Showing papers on "Guard (information security) published in 1998"
14 Dec 1998
TL;DR: This work proves that for each of these problems, there exists a constant Ɛ > 0, such that no polynomial time algorithm can guarantee an approximation ratio of 1 + Ɠ unless P = NP.
Abstract: The three art gallery problems VERTEX GUARD, EDGE GUARD and POINT GUARD are known to be NP-hard [8]. Approximation algorithms for VERTEX GUARD and EDGE GUARD with a logarithmic ratio were proposed in [7]. We prove that for each of these problems, there exists a constant Ɛ > 0, such that no polynomial time algorithm can guarantee an approximation ratio of 1 + Ɛ unless P = NP. We obtain our results by proposing gap-preserving reductions, based on reductions from [8]. Our results are the first inapproximability results for these problems.
55 citations
Patent•
15 May 1998
TL;DR: In this article, a guard attachment for removably mounting to a plow blade having a blade edge is presented, which is adapted to shield the blade of the plow such that the guard member may be brought into sliding engagement with the surface to be plowed without catching or snagging obstructions on the surface.
Abstract: A guard attachment for removably mounting to a plow blade having a blade edge. The guard attachment includes a guard member having an arcuate surface which is adapted to shield the blade of the plow such that the guard member may be brought into sliding engagement with the surface to be plowed without catching or snagging obstructions on the surface. Furthermore, the guard member includes a fastening mechanism which removably mounts the guard member to the plow.
39 citations
Patent•
14 Jul 1998
TL;DR: In this paper, a thermoplastic spacer for supporting a horizontally extending guard rail on a vertically extending post in a roadway safety barrier system is presented, where the first and second portions are shaped to correspond with the shapes of the guard rail and the post secured thereto.
Abstract: A spacer for supporting a horizontally extending guard rail on a vertically extending post in a roadway safety barrier system includes a first portion that is secured to the guard rail and a second portion that is secured to the post. The first and second portions are shaped to correspond with the shapes of the guard rail and the post secured thereto. For example, if the guard rail is formed having an undulating cross sectional shape, the first portion of the space is formed having a corresponding undulating cross sectional shape. One or more bores are formed through the spacer between said first and second faces for receiving a bolt for securing the guard rail and the post to the spacer. The spacer is formed from a thermoplastic material that is recyclable, will not absorb water, stable under the ultraviolet and other radiation generated by the sun, will not splinter, crack, or delaminate in use, and is more cost effective than conventional wooden spacers.
37 citations
Patent•
15 Apr 1998
TL;DR: In this article, a one-piece roll guard (10) having two half segments (12, 14) connected by an integral hinge was used for protecting a caster (100) wheel by clearing obstacles away from its rolling path.
Abstract: A one-piece roll guard (10) having two half segments (12, 14) connected by an integral hinge (16) for protecting a caster (100) wheel by clearing obstacles away from its rolling path The two segments of the roll guard (10) are closed and secured together around the caster wheel with a locking tab (18a) and matching locking slot (18b) integrally formed in the two segments The roll guard is formed with a weighted lower lip (26) to improve stability by lowering the center of gravity of the roll guard (10)
37 citations
Patent•
25 Nov 1998
TL;DR: In this paper, a vision enhancing tear off shield guard system for use with the visor of a racing helmet is presented, where the shield guard is tinted for vision enhancement under specific lighting conditions.
Abstract: A vision enhancing tear off shield guard system for use with the visor of a racing helmet. One of the shield guard being tinted for vision enhancement under specific lighting conditions and adapted for engaging and fitting over the visor of a helmet. The shield guard also has a mechanism for quick release from the helmet. Several clear shield guards are stacked on the visor with the tinted shield guard in between to allow for changing lighting conditions.
33 citations
Patent•
22 Jul 1998TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a fine delay element design that can be controlled for delay variations and incorporates calibration features, and a further disclosed feature is circuitry that allows the tester to have a short refire recovery time.
Abstract: Automatic test equipment for semiconductor devices. The automatic test equipment contains numerous channels of electronic circuitry in which precisely timed test signal are generated. Significant advantages in both cost and size are achieved by incorporating multiple channels on one integrated circuit chip. To allow this level of integration without degrading timing accuracy, a series of design techniques are employed. These techniques include the use of guard rings and guard layers, placement of circuit elements in relation to the guard rings and guard layers, separate signal traces for power and ground for each channel, and circuit designs that allow the voltage across a filter capacitor to define a correction signal. Another feature of the disclosed embodiment is a fine delay element design that can be controlled for delay variations and incorporates calibration features. A further disclosed feature is circuitry that allows the tester to have a short refire recovery time.
31 citations
Patent•
12 Jan 1998
TL;DR: In this article, a window assembly for use on a hand-held circular saw is described, where a transparent member is attached to an upper guard of the saw in a covering relationship with an aperture provided in the upper guard.
Abstract: A window assembly is provided for use on a hand-held circular saw. The window assembly has a transparent member that is attached to an upper guard of the saw in a covering relationship with an aperture provided in the upper guard. A projecting rib is provided that is coupled to and which extends outwardly from the guard adjacent the forward edge of the transparent member. The projecting rib substantially prevents light emanating forwardly of the saw from reflecting off of the member.
28 citations
Patent•
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05 Mar 1998
TL;DR: In this article, a leg guard is proposed for preventing mechanically propelled debris from impacting on a person's lower leg and/or being deposited on or in their footwear, where a cover member is fabricated from an elongated sheet of protective material and provided with a plurality of strap members.
Abstract: A leg guard apparatus 10 for preventing mechanically propelled debris from impacting on a person's lower leg and/or being deposited on or in their footwear 100. The apparatus 10 comprises a cover member 20 fabricated from an elongated sheet 21 of protective material 22 and provided with a plurality of strap members 30 for snugly positioning the cover member 20 over the user's lower leg 100 and footwear 101.
24 citations
TL;DR: The exodus came in the wake of Congress's mandate that by the year 2000 the Health Care Financing Administration must introduce diagnosis-based risk adjustment into the formula for determining capitation payments to Medicare beneficiaries.
Abstract: Federal officials were taken off guard recently by the announcement that nearly 100 managed-care plans had decided either to withdraw from the Medicare managed-care program or to end their particip...
24 citations
Patent•
16 Feb 1998TL;DR: In this paper, a string trimmer includes a wire guard assembly which retains the wire guard and a debris shield on a motor housing, which is used to capture the debris shield between the wire guards and an upper portion of the motor housing.
Abstract: A string trimmer includes a wire guard assembly which retains a wire guard and debris shield on a motor housing. The wire guard is retained in a pair of grooves in the motor housing to capture the debris shield between the wire guard and an upper portion of the motor housing. The wire guard is locked in place by locking members on the bottom of the shield, thereby substantially permanently connecting the shield to the motor housing without the necessity of additional parts.
Patent•
20 Mar 1998
TL;DR: In this article, a knee and elbow guard is placed over the knee or elbow, and the skin stretches in the longitudinal direction carrying the resilient members along and consequently the guard stretches and changes its shape to match the shape of the limb.
Abstract: Elbow and knee guards are used in sports in which the athlete must expect regular contact with the ground or floor. This guard utilizes hinged resilient members along the lateral direction of the joint and sliding slots which allow the guard to both rotate and deflect along the longitudinal direction. As the knee or elbow is flexed, the skin stretches in the longitudinal direction carrying the resilient members along and consequently the guard stretches and changes its shape to match the shape of the limb. The aluminum hinges allow the joint to flex in the lateral direction. The guard does not don the limb and thus eliminates chafing. The guard is placed over the knee or elbow. By pressing on the guard with the hands, the aluminum hinges will deform until the guard conforms to the contour of the surface.
TL;DR: There is wide variation among states in the type of behavior that disqualifies individuals from becoming a security guard and the minimum requirements for becoming a guard, and there is a vast difference between regulation levels among the states.
Patent•
22 May 1998
TL;DR: A safety zone guard resides in at least one articulated outwardly pivotable guard rail mounted to the transverse side of a vehicle and is deployable to an extended condition where in the deployed condition the guard extends perpendicularly to the vehicle to create a zone of safety there along as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: A safety zone guard resides in at least one articulated outwardly pivotable guard rail mounted to the transverse side of a vehicle and is deployable to an extended condition wherein in the deployed condition the guard extends perpendicularly to the transverse side of the vehicle to create a zone of safety therealong.
Patent•
15 Sep 1998
TL;DR: In this article, a helmet is used as a batter's helmet to protect a batter in a baseball or softball game, and the guard assembly can be easily removed when the player is no longer batting.
Abstract: A helmet apparatus includes a head-covering assembly which includes a top portion and a side portion extending downward from the top portion. A guard support is connected to the side portion of the head-covering assembly, and a guard assembly is connected to the guard support. The helmet apparatus of the invention can be used as a batter's helmet to protect a batter in a baseball or softball game. The guard assembly can be installed when a player is batting, and the guard assembly can be easily removed when the player is no longer batting. The guard assembly includes a lower guard portion for covering a wearer's chin and an upper guard portion for covering a wearer's cheek. With a first embodiment of the invention, the guard support includes a guard support bracket, and the guard assembly includes bracket-connection portions for connecting to the guard support bracket. The guard support bracket includes a reception panel which includes a plurality of reception apertures. The bracket-connection portions of the guard assembly include hook members which are received in the reception apertures. The reception apertures are in a form of slots oriented longitudinally along the reception panel. With a second embodiment of the invention, the guard support includes grooves located in the side portion of the head-covering assembly, and the guard assembly includes tongue portions for connection with the grooves. The grooves extend horizontally along the side portion of the head-covering assembly.
Patent•
15 Sep 1998
TL;DR: In this article, a shaft guard is provided comprising a first guard portion, a second guard portion and a pair of support legs, where the support legs are secured to at least one of the first and second guard portions.
Abstract: A shaft guard is provided comprising a first guard portion, a second guard portion, and a pair of support legs The first guard portion defines a first guard body, a first pair of guard portions, and a first pair of flange portions The first guard body is arranged about a longitudinal shaft guard axis The first pair of guard portion openings are positioned at opposite ends of the longitudinal shaft guard axis The first pair of flange portions are arranged on opposite sides of the longitudinal shaft guard axis Similarly, the second guard portion defines a second guard body, a second pair of guard portions, and a second pair of flange portions The second guard body is arranged about the longitudinal shaft guard axis The second pair of guard portion openings are positioned at opposite ends of the longitudinal shaft guard axis The second pair of flange portions are arranged on opposite sides of the longitudinal shaft guard axis Respective ones of the first pair of flange portions are secured to opposing ones of the second pair of flange portions to form respective mated flange pairs such that the respective ones of the first pair of guard portion openings complement opposing ones of the second pair of guard portion openings to form a pair of shaft guard openings positioned at opposite ends of the longitudinal shaft guard axis The pair of support legs are secured to at least one of the first and second guard portions
TL;DR: In this article, the issue of Guard Dogs OR Guide Dogs: Adequacy vs. Quality in the Accreditation of Teacher Education is discussed. But the authors do not discuss the role of guide dogs in this discussion.
Abstract: (1998). Guard Dogs OR Guide Dogs?: Adequacy vs. Quality in the Accreditation of Teacher Education. Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning: Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 12-17.
Patent•
07 Dec 1998TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method for processing hard handoff to prevent unnecessary frequent hard handoffs using specific parameters after the first handoff is performed, which included the steps of establishing a Guard -- Time period during which handoff was not performed when a mobile station moved slowly in an area in which the cell coverages of the serving and target base stations are overlapped.
Abstract: Method for processing hard handoff to prevent unnecessary frequent hard handoffs using specific parameters after the first handoff is performed. The method includes the steps of establishing a Guard -- Time period during which handoff is not performed when a mobile station moves slowly in an area in which the cell coverages of the serving and target base stations are overlapped; and establishing a Guard -- Level value so that handoff is performed independent of the Guard -- Time if the strength of the radio wave for the moving mobile station is less than the Guard -- Level during said Guard -- Time. The Guard Time period prevents hard handoff even when a base station controller receives a request for handoff based on information received from the moving mobile station. Although the base station controller prevents the hard handoff dependent on the Guard -- Time, the base station controller permits soft handoff and softer handoff to occur normally. The Guard -- Time and Guard -- Level are set up according to the base station, the base station controller and the characteristics of the coverage area. The Guard -- Time is set up by a system-operator and the Guard -- Level is used in relation with the value of T -- DROP.
01 Mar 1998
TL;DR: The Human Dimensions Research Teams (HDRT) from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research conducted three major studies in Bosnia during Operations Joint Endeavor and Joint Guard.
Abstract: : Human Dimensions Research Teams (HDRT) from Walter Reed Army Institute of Research conducted 3 major studies in Bosnia during Operations Joint Endeavor and Joint Guard. The teams' mission was to assess soldiers' operational stress and psychological and physical well-being in relation to previous deployments and garrison norms using standardized measures. This, report summarizes the research completed by the third team (Operation Joint Guard) The psychological status of the theater is assessed and compared to other major deployments and garrison norms. Recommendations based on the results and lessons learned are presented.
TL;DR: Today’s society has seen a dramatic increase in the use of computers; as a result, businesses must take even more precautions to guard against the introduction of computer viruses into their systems.
Abstract: A computer virus is a program that can infect other programs by modifying them to include a copy of itself. When the infected programs are executed, the virus spreads itself to still other programs. Today’s society has seen a dramatic increase in the use of computers; as a result, businesses must take even more precautions to guard against the introduction of computer viruses into their systems.
TL;DR: During the Persian Gulf War (1990-1991), more than 228,000 National Guard and reserve members were recalled to active duty and little information exists about the effect of wartime military separation as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: During the Persian Gulf War (1990-1991), more than 228,000 National Guard and reserve members were recalled to active duty. Little information exists about the effect of wartime military separation...
Patent•
01 May 1998
TL;DR: A molded plastic fruit or vegetable guard defines a plurality of openings therein to permit air circulation as discussed by the authors, composed of a pair of halves having peripheral fastening edges which when snapped together from a guard surrounding the fruit or vegetables.
Abstract: A molded plastic fruit or vegetable guard defines a plurality of openings therein to permit air circulation. The guard is composed of a pair of halves having peripheral fastening edges which when snapped together from a guard surrounding the fruit or vegetable. A supporting member is disposed internally of the guard and contacts the fruit or vegetable to position the guard away from the surface of the fruit or vegetable to protect it from the animal, bird or other pests.
Patent•
15 Oct 1998TL;DR: In this paper, a cover guard has integral therewith an electrical disconnect mechanism and latch mechanism which must be manipulated prior to exposing the harness connector, and the latch mechanism prevents removal of the cover guard prior to manual disconnection.
Abstract: A battery pack has a plurality of batteries connected in series to provide a high voltage energy source and energy storage. The battery pack has a high voltage receptacle in which a high voltage harness is connected when power is to be distributed or stored. a cover guard prevents inadvertent access to the harness connector. The cover guard has integral therewith an electrical disconnect mechanism and latch mechanism which must be manipulated prior to exposing the harness connector. The disconnect mechanism eliminates the electrical connection of the batteries to a receptacle in which the harness connector is installed. The latch mechanism prevents removal of the cover guard prior to manual disconnection and also prevents reconnection prior to the cover guard being properly positioned.
Patent•
29 Jul 1998
TL;DR: An adjustable and pivotable window guard is proposed in this paper, where the window guard provides an attractive appearance and excellent security, and the hinge plates are secured on the inside wall proximal a window.
Abstract: An adjustable and pivotable window guard to be placed above a window inside a structure. The window guard provides an attractive appearance and excellent security. Hinge plates that have upwardly directed hinge tubes located thereon are secured on the inside wall proximal a window. A first window guard bracket having cooperating hinge bores is then placed on the hinge tubes so that it can pivot freely. The rectangular main central window guard is then placed over protruding members on the first window guard bracket and a second window guard bracket, also with similar protruding members, is inserted into the main central window guard on the opposite side from the first window guard bracket. Thus, all three of these elements are slidable horizontally in relationship to one another, which allows the user to adapt the device to variously sized windows. The second window guard bracket has a latch extending outwardly away from the main central window guard which fits into another latch receiving plate fixed to the wall on the opposite side of the window from the hinge plates. When novel locking pins are inserted into the first window guard bracket and the central window guard section in bores provided proximate the hinge plates, the assembly can not be pivoted open or forced because the locking pins butt up against the metal of the hinge plates. In alternative embodiments, multiple central sections may be placed in side by side relationship with one another to protect wider windows.
Patent•
11 Dec 1998
TL;DR: In this article, a motor 130 and a fixed part 150 are moved so that two suction parts 110 come into a specified position above a guard sheet group 180A, and suction pads 111 of two SUVs supported to a conveying moving part 140 are positioned almost horizontally.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To feed guard sheets sheet by sheet in feeding various guard sheets by vertically vibrating at least one of two suction pads or at least one row of two rows of suction pads. SOLUTION: A motor 130 and a fixed part 150 are moved so that two suction parts 110 come into a specified position above a guard sheet group 180A, and suction pads 111 of two suction parts 110 supported to a conveying moving part 140 are positioned almost horizontally. In the stopped state of the motor 130, the fixed part 150 is moved downward to bring two suction pads 111 into close contact with an uppermost guard sheet of the guard sheet group 180A to suck it. After sucking the uppermost guard sheet, the motor 130 is driven to move two pads 111 upward into a specified position while sucking the guard sheet 180, and a vibrator 120 is vibrated. The uppermost guard sheet 180 is separated from the following guard sheet by vibration.
Patent•
06 Aug 1998
TL;DR: In this article, an upper and lower bearers with preset longitudinal and transverse rigidity are fitted to the front or rear of the vehicle bodywork, and a deflector guard is connected to the upper bearers via turning elements and to the lower ones via impact dampers.
Abstract: The protective device includes upper (2, 3) and lower (4, 5) longitudinal bearers with preset longitudinal and transverse rigidity fitted to the front or rear of the vehicle bodywork, and a deflector guard (6) to receive impacts on the front or rear of the vehicle. The deflector guard is connected to the upper bearers vi turning elements and to the lower ones via impact dampers (14, 15).
Patent•
11 Mar 1998
TL;DR: In this article, a DVD player 10 has an input section 18 that reads video information recorded on a DVD 14 and a CPU section 16 that applies copy guard processing to the video information read by the input Section 18 to disturb normal image processing of the information and sends copy guard information relating to the copy guard process.
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain stably and sure copy guard independently of the transmission system of a video signal and the kind of equipment SOLUTION: A DVD player 10 has an input section 18 that reads video information recorded on a DVD 14 and a CPU section 16 that applies copy guard processing to the video information read by the input section 18 to disturb normal image processing of the information and sends copy guard information relating to the copy guard processing A display monitor 12 receives the video information and the copy guard information sent by the CPU section 16 of the DVD player 10 and a CPU section 26 that applies copy guard release processing to release the copy guard processing and applies image processing to the received video information based on the copy guard information