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Showing papers on "Guard (information security) published in 2011"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The use of a secrecy guard zone is shown to give a significant improvement on the throughput of networks with high security requirements, and the throughput cost of achieving a moderate level of security is quite low, while throughput must be significantly sacrificed to realize a highly secure network.
Abstract: This paper studies the throughput of large-scale decentralized wireless networks with physical layer security constraints. In particular, we are interested in the question of how much throughput needs to be sacrificed for achieving a certain level of security. We consider random networks where the legitimate nodes and the eavesdroppers are distributed according to independent two-dimensional Poisson point processes. The transmission capacity framework is used to characterize the area spectral efficiency of secure transmissions with constraints on both the quality of service (QoS) and the level of security. This framework illustrates the dependence of the network throughput on key system parameters, such as the densities of legitimate nodes and eavesdroppers, as well as the QoS and security constraints. One important finding is that the throughput cost of achieving a moderate level of security is quite low, while throughput must be significantly sacrificed to realize a highly secure network. We also study the use of a secrecy guard zone, which is shown to give a significant improvement on the throughput of networks with high security requirements.

245 citations



Patent
06 Sep 2011
TL;DR: A guard ring is a floating electrode formed of electrically conducting material above a semiconductor material layer as discussed by the authors, where a portion of an insulating layer is between the guard ring and the material layer.
Abstract: Semiconductor devices with guard rings are described. The semiconductor devices may be, e.g., transistors and diodes designed for high-voltage applications. A guard ring is a floating electrode formed of electrically conducting material above a semiconductor material layer. A portion of an insulating layer is between at least a portion of the guard ring and the semiconductor material layer. A guard ring may be located, for example, on a transistor between a gate and a drain electrode. A semiconductor device may have one or more guard rings.

52 citations


Patent
13 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, a modular fore-end rail assembly for mounting onto a firearm includes a hand guard and a bushing element that combines with an end portion of the hand guard to encircle the standard barrel nut.
Abstract: A modular fore-end rail assembly for mounting onto a firearm includes a hand guard and a bushing element that combines with an end portion of the hand guard to encircle the standard barrel nut, thereby supporting the entire assembly without requiring modification to the standard barrel nut. The thermal transfer characteristics of the material from which the bushing element is manufactured may be selected to either increase or decrease the rate at which heat is transferred from the barrel nut to the hand guard allowing for rapid changes of bushing elements and, therefore, rapid and selective changes in the heating rate of the hand guard.

35 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Digital watermarks have been embedded invisibly into digital video to protect copy rights of legal owners and usually requires satisfaction of a set of typical requirements such as transparency, robustness, oblivious detection and so on.
Abstract: More people are studying digital video stream transference via networks. However, frequent Internet use increases the requirement for copyright protection and security. As a consequence, to prevent video streams that belong to rightful owners from being intentionally or unknowingly used by others, information protection is indispensable. The authors propose a novel method for video watermarking that is specifically designed for H.264 video. For the experiment, a low-energy signal can relatively guard against low-pass filter attacks. Conversely, a high-energy signal in the host signal can relatively guard against the high-frequency noise attack. In view of these facts, the proposed system design embedding algorithm provides high-energy and low-energy blocks. The blocks in the host image frame are divided into two different groups by estimating the block energy. The existing singular value decomposition methods were employed to calculate the watermark information. In order to enhance the security, the proposed system also employs torus automorphisms to encrypt the watermark. To achieve better robustness, the encrypted results use secret image sharing technology embedded into different I-frames in the video stream.

25 citations


Patent
29 Jun 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, an entrance guard control method with coerce alarm, which belongs to the field of gate control, and is realized through the communication among an entry guard machine, a controller and a remote management terminal, is described.
Abstract: The invention discloses a coerce alarm method and entrance guard control equipment in an entrance guard system. The invention provides an entrance guard control method with coerce alarm, which belongs to the field of entrance guard control, and is realized through the communication among an entrance guard machine, a controller and a remote management terminal. The entrance guard machine is used for judging whether the input password is a coerce password, normal password or wrong password, and setting marks; a user face is being recognized after judging the input password is not the wrong password, and the user mark or the coerce password is transmitted to the controller according to the set marks after the recognition is passed; and the controller opens door, stores record and issues alarm after judging the received password is the coerce password. The invention adopts the password and the face recognition as the bases and utilizes an alarm mechanism through judging the coerce password, thereby not only guaranteeing the user security, but also improving the security of the entrance guard system.

21 citations


Patent
24 Aug 2011
TL;DR: In this article, a visitor information registration management system with a tracking function is presented, which consists of a system host, peripheral equipment and active visitor cards, which can replace working personnel to register visitor information.
Abstract: The utility model relates to a visitor information registration management system with a tracking function, which comprises a system host, peripheral equipment and active visitor cards. The host is a standard host computer and comprises an industrial control main board, a memory, a sensing-type human face capture camera, a thermal printer, a laser bar code scanner, a certificate scanner, a multifunctional certificate and card reader, a telephone set, a touch screen, a push-pull keyboard and a mouse. The components are jointly encapsulated in a host shell to form an integral structure. The visitor information registration management system with the tracking function can replace working personnel to register visitor information. After a visitor enters a working area, the movement track of the visitor in the working area can be displayed on the touch screen of the door guard working personnel in real time; and when the visitor enters areas non-related to the visit, the door guard working personnel can see prompt information on the touch screen and hear sound prompts and is informed to take countermeasures. Therefore, the visitor information registration management system is a right hand of the door guard working personnel.

21 citations


Patent
28 Mar 2011
TL;DR: In this article, an improved magazine release latch and trigger guard combination is presented, which is operable by the shooter's trigger finger while holding the rifle stock in the same hand.
Abstract: An improved magazine release latch and trigger guard combination which is operable by the shooter's trigger finger while holding the rifle stock in the same hand.

17 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
24 Jun 2011-Science
TL;DR: After the FBI last year declared that the 2001 anthrax letter attacks had been perpetrated by a U.S. Army researcher, government officials and biomedical scientists stepped up the debate over what can be done to better guard against the nefarious use of dangerous pathogens and toxins.
Abstract: After the FBI last year declared that the 2001 anthrax letter attacks had been perpetrated by a U.S. Army researcher, government officials and biomedical scientists stepped up the debate over what can be done to better guard against the nefarious use of dangerous pathogens and toxins, collectively known as select agents. Last week, a federal panel called for tightening security measures on a select group of select agents and loosening research restrictions on others. The proposal has by and large been welcomed by the biomedical community, but some are balking at its recommendations for enhanced screening and monitoring of researchers who work with the most dangerous pathogens.

17 citations


Patent
28 Dec 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, an intelligent safety guarding device for a building in a construction period comprises a security management platform main system consisting of a security integration management device with a visual and audio monitoring device serving as a main body.
Abstract: An intelligent safety guarding device for a building in a construction period comprises a security management platform main system which comprises a security integration management device with a visual and audio monitoring device serving as a main body, wherein the security integration management device is composed of a television monitoring device, an anti-theft alarming device, a guard management device, a global positioning system (GPS) locating device and a patrolling management device. The television monitoring device, the anti-theft alarming device, the guard management device, the GPS locating device and the patrolling management device are connected with one another through networks. The safety guarding device further comprises a web camera and is compatible with a network digital hard disk video recorder through a hard ware and a network visual and audio monitoring management device of an alarming device and a patrolling device.

16 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: The most critical military deficiency identified during Hurricane Katrina: the requirement to properly configure command and control arrangements for state and federal military forces responding to domestic disasters was identified in reports by the House, Senate, White House, commissions and think tanks as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: It has now been five years since Hurricane Katrina. In that time, we have seen a flurry of documents identifying domestic response lessons for our nation's military, catalogued in reports by the House, Senate, White House, commissions and think tanks. There certainly is abundant evidence that we have been moving in the right direction in many areas. There have been improvements between the National Guard and the Department of Defense (DoD) in the areas of planning, training, joint exercises, and communications. This article will address the long impasse, and significant recent progress, with regard to the most critical military deficiency identified during Hurricane Katrina: the requirement to properly configure command and control arrangements for state and federal military forces responding to domestic disasters.Military command relationships for domestic operations need to be sorted out in advance of an event. The proper integration of military forces results in the most-effective, most-coordinated use of limited resources. Integration constructs with the best potential for success are those that recognize state and federal authorities inherent in our federalist system of government. To date, vesting a military commander with both state and federal authorities (e.g. a dual status command) has proven successful during several large-scale planned events, such as national political conventions and the recent presidential inauguration. Governors and the secretary of defense are currently close to jointly endorsing the expanded use of dual status command beyond planned events, to now include no-notice events. This proposal has the potential to enable us to overcome the single greatest challenge currently facing our nation's military when responding to domestic disasters.HURRICANE KATRINA: AN UNCOORDINATED MILITARY RESPONSEUnder our federal system of governance, there is a constitutional basis for distinct and separate chains of command for state and federal military forces. During disaster response missions, National Guard soldiers and airmen typically operate under the control of the state governors in a Title 32 or State Active Duty status. The president has historically directed responding federal military forces operating in a Title 10 status under a separate chain of command. The separate chains of command employed during Hurricane Katrina significantly degraded the integration and synchronization of more than 54,000 National Guard and 20,000 Title 10 military personnel from different commands. National Guard and federal responses were coordinated across several chains of command but not integrated, which led to inefficiencies and duplication of effort. Without a means for integrating the response, no one had the total picture of the forces on the ground, the forces that were on the way, the missions that had been resourced, and the missions that still needed completion. 1During Hurricane Katrina, National Guard forces from all states and territories were deployed to impacted states, and operated under the control of the respective impacted state's adjutant general and governor. President Bush attempted to convince Governor Bush (FL), Governor Barber (MS), and Governor Blanco (LA) to give a state commission to Lieutenant General Russell Honore and place him in command of their respective National Guard forces, which would have placed the National Guard of the three states under federal command and control. All three Governors refused.POST-KATRINA FAILURES TO INTEGRATE THE MILITARY RESPONSEUnfortunately, the lesson that DoD took from Hurricane Katrina was that DoD needed to have command and control over all military forces, including National Guard forces, during domestic emergencies. DoD believed that in major multi-state disasters such as Hurricane Katrina, the Department of Homeland Security needed authority to craft a prioritized and flexible response using all available resources, to include National Guard, federal forces, and non-National Guard reserve forces. …

Patent
05 Apr 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, an elevator assembly includes an elevator car having a frame member, and at least one toe guard panel is moveable between a first position and a second position, where the toe guard is positioned to provide a vertical surface beneath the elevator car.
Abstract: An exemplary elevator assembly includes an elevator car having a frame member. At least one toe guard panel is moveable between a first position and a second position. In the first position the toe guard panel is situated to provide a vertical surface beneath the elevator car and the toe guard panel has an end spaced a first distance from the elevator car. In the second position the toe guard panel is situated with a second, shorter distance between the end and the elevator car. A moving mechanism coupled with the toe guard panel selectively moves the toe guard panel from the first position into the second position. An instigator member situated in a selected vertical position interacts with the moving mechanism to begin movement of the toe guard panel from the first position when the frame member of the elevator car is approximately at the selected vertical position.

Patent
23 Dec 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of clips or hooks or other securing elements of any configuration or means of attachment that may be affixed to the body of a gutter guard for the purpose of receiving and securing heating cables and/or other cables or elements.
Abstract: The method includes the utilization of clips or hooks or other securing elements of any configuration or means of attachment that may be affixed to the body of a gutter guard for the purpose of receiving and securing heating cables and/or other cables or elements. Additionally, the method includes the use of openings or grommets within the body of a gutter guard through which cables or other elements may pass and be secured.

Patent
21 Oct 2011
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a shin guard sleeve that extends higher in a calf portion than in a shin portion of the shin guard. But they did not specify how to fit the shoe to the calf region of the wearer.
Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to a shin guard sleeve that extends higher in a calf portion than in a shin portion of the shin guard sleeve. Additional aspects may include a shin guard sleeve having an apex located in the calf region of a wearer to provide a volume able to be filled by the calf region of the wearer. Further, aspects may include one or more maintainers affixed to the shin guard sleeve to further resist slipping of the shin guard sleeve.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It can be very difficult to communicate with people with dementia, each case requires its own unique handling, so think of your own ways to communicate.
Abstract: It can be very difficult to communicate with people with dementia. Each case requires its own unique handling. Not every scenario is covered, as many times your own judgment is what will work, best according to the circumstances. These can change from dawn to evening and from day to day. Never assume things will be the way they were the last time you communicated. Be on your guard. Be adaptable. The article will help get you started to think of your own ways to communicate.

Patent
29 Jun 2011
TL;DR: In this article, a burglar-proof door with the functions of network monitoring and entrance guard is proposed for outdoor communication machine rooms, which can meet the actual demands of outdoor communication this article.
Abstract: The utility model discloses a burglar-proof door with the functions of network monitoring and entrance guard, and particularly provides a special integrated iron burglar-proof machine room door with the functions of security monitoring and entrance guard. A networking monitoring system, a security system, an entrance guard system and all electronic accessories are arranged in a burglar-proof door body, so that the burglar-proof door body can serve as a monitoring equipment case, and uniformity is achieved; the whole system structure is compact, the sense of wholeness is strong, and the mounting and debugging are simple; and the burglar-proof door has the advantages of high automation degree and good burglar-proof effect, and can meet the actual demands of outdoor communication machine rooms, thereby achieving remarkable application and market prospects.

Patent
13 Apr 2011
TL;DR: In this article, a digital television receiving terminal monitors the state of an entrance guard system in real time, timely displays the information sent by the entrance guard information, and allows the user to more directly, conveniently and quickly control the system and the digital TV receiving terminal.
Abstract: The invention discloses an entrance guard control system, an entrance guard control method, an interface and a digital television receiving terminal. The system comprises an information receiving and sending module, an interface display module, an instruction receiving module and an operation control module, wherein the information receiving and sending module is used for monitoring and receiving entrance guard information sent by an entrance guard system in real time; the interface display module is used for building and displaying a corresponding entrance guard control interface according to the entrance guard information; the instruction receiving module is used for receiving a control instruction sent by a user; and the operation control module is used for controlling the entrance guard system to perform the corresponding operation according to the control instruction sent by the user. The digital television receiving terminal monitors the state of the entrance guard system in real time, timely displays the entrance guard information sent by the entrance guard system and allows the user to more directly, conveniently and quickly control the entrance guard system and the digital television receiving terminal to perform operation, such as opening a door, having a call and the like by popping up the entrance guard control interface. In addition, the entrance guard control interface can be positioned at a corner of a television screen, so that the television program which is watched by the user is not affected and the user experience is greatly improved.

Patent
15 Aug 2011
TL;DR: A guard and method for guiding a bone removal device to form an implantation space in the human spine and, if desired, for inserting a spinal implant into the implant insertion space is described in this article.
Abstract: A guard and method for guiding a bone removal device to form an implantation space in the human spine and, if desired, for inserting a spinal implant into the implantation space.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a computer-aided design model of a typical commercial frontal guard is developed, and the finite element analysis, along with impact test, is conducted to obtain the stiffness properties of the guard.
Abstract: A review of accident data reveals that in most pedestrian accidents, the head and lower extremity injuries are the predominant areas of injury to the pedestrian. The vehicle front geometry profile and stiffness, as well as impact speed are important factors governing pedestrian kinematics. Accident data show that the fatality rate for pedestrian/utility vehicle impact is greater than that for pedestrian/passenger car impact. The addition of a front guard on light trucks and sports utility vehicles to mitigate damage during off-road activity, or to provide mounting points for extra lights, makes the pedestrian more vulnerable to the impact. In this study, a computational technique is utilised to quantify the influence of the added front guard on the impacted pedestrian. A computer-aided design model of a typical commercial frontal guard is developed, and the finite element analysis, along with impact test, is conducted to obtain the stiffness properties of the guard. Different sizes of pedestrian models in the MADYMO code are utilised, and the validated facet-surface model of a pickup truck is used to generate a vehicle front surface. The entire model is validated by comparing the pedestrian kinematics and injury parameters with the published data. This study demonstrates that for all sizes of pedestrians, the mid-body region is more vulnerable when a guard is added to the vehicle. The results from this study can be utilised in the designing of front guards, the frontal crash zone of utility vehicles and installation of these aftermarket guards in order to protect vulnerable road users.

Patent
03 May 2011
TL;DR: In this article, a product server for holding and displaying food products is described, which includes a front customer side, a rear employee side and a breath guard, which is a cover on a cabinet of the product server that is moveable between a lowered position covering the food products and a raised position in which the cover serves as a breathguard and allows access to the food items.
Abstract: A product server for holding and displaying food products is disclosed. The product server has a front customer side, a rear employee side and a breath guard. The breath guard comprises a cover on a cabinet of the product server that is moveable between a lowered position covering the food products and a raised position in which the cover serves as a breath guard and allows access to the food products. Upright side panels are provided adjacent opposite ends of the product server. The breath guard extends between the upright side panels as it moves between its raised and lowered positions.

Patent
14 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this article, a stateful paging guard device is presented, which includes a state determiner configured to determine state information indicating whether a terminal device is in an operation state of reduced energy consumption.
Abstract: In an embodiment, a stateful paging guard device is provided. The stateful paging guard device may include: a state determiner configured to determine state information indicating whether a terminal device is in an operation state of reduced energy consumption; a receiver configured to receive data directed to the terminal device; and a relay determiner configured to determine whether the data is to be relayed to the terminal device based on the state information.

Patent
18 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, a hand guard for a firearm is defined, where the body pieces cooperatively form a proximal hand guard retainer interface at the proximal end of the hand guard.
Abstract: A hand guard for a firearm, the firearm being of a type comprising a barrel with a proximal hand guard retainer at a proximal end and a hand guard cap at a distal end. The hand guard cap comprises an end wall having an orifice configured to axially receive the barrel, and a proximally extending flange defining a select shape surrounding the orifice. The hand guard comprises at least first and second body pieces configured to mate lengthwise about a barrel of a firearm between a proximal hand guard retainer and a hand guard cap to form the hand guard. The body pieces cooperatively form a proximal hand guard retainer interface at a proximal end of the hand guard a hand guard cap interface at a distal end. The hand guard cap interface is configured to engage a first select shape defined by a proximally extending flange of a first hand guard cap and a second select shape defined by a proximally extending flange of a second hand guard cap.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
09 May 2011
TL;DR: An algorithm is provided that solves the first question in polynomial time, and the NP-hardness of the second question is demonstrated.
Abstract: Suppose that two members of a finite point guard set S within a polygon P must be given different colors if their visible regions overlap, and that every point in P is visible from some point in S. The chromatic art gallery problem, introduced in [7], asks for the minimum number of colors required to color any guard set (not necessarily a minimal guard set) of P. We study two related problems. First, given a polygon P and a guard set S of P, can the members of S be efficiently and optimally colored so that no two members of S that have overlapping visibility regions have the same color? Second, given a polygon P and a set of candidate guard locations N, is it possible to efficiently and optimally choose the guard set S ⊆ N that requires the minimum number of colors? We provide an algorithm that solves the first question in polynomial time, and demonstrate the NP-hardness of the second question. Both questions are motivated by common robot tasks such as mapping and surveillance.

Patent
20 Sep 2011

Journal Article
TL;DR: Results confirmed the hypothesis that there is a significant difference between different groups of players: point/shooting guards, comparing with forwards/centres; players that play on four positions: point guard, shooting guard, small forward, power forward/centre; and players on the four major positions in the team.
Abstract: The aim of our study was to determine the differences in situational efficacy for basketball players, in relation to their team positions: between guards and forwards/centres, and between the players on the four major positions in the team. The final sample of subjects (74 basketball players) is selected from the initial sample of 107 subjects, selected from nine men's senior basketball teams that played in A-1 Croatian men's basketball league championship in 2006/2007. Results confirmed the hypothesis that there is a significant difference between different groups of players: point/shooting guards, comparing with forwards/centres; players that play on four positions: point guard, shooting guard, small forward, power forward/centre. Guards have shown greater efficiency and utilization of the three-point shots, while centres are better in two-point shots. Guards have a greater number of assists, successful and unsuccessful three-point shots, while centres are better in the offensive and defensive rebounds, as same as in successful and unsuccessful two-point shots. No statistically significant differences were found among the players on the guard positions (point guard and shooting guard), while only one statistically significant difference is found among the players on the position forward/centre (small forward and power forward/centre).

Proceedings ArticleDOI
13 Jun 2011
TL;DR: It is shown that floor((m+1)/3) point guards are always sufficient and sometimes necessary to cover an m-polyomino, and it is proved that determining the guard number of a given m- polyomino is NP-hard.
Abstract: We explore the art gallery problem for the special case that the domain (gallery) P is an m-polyomino, a polyform whose cells are m unit squares. We study the combinatorics of guarding polyominoes in terms of the parameter m, in contrast with the traditional parameter n, the number of vertices of P; in particular, we show that floor((m+1)/3) point guards are always sufficient and sometimes necessary to cover an m-polyomino. When m d 3n/4 - 4, the point guard sufficiency condition yields a strictly lower guard number than floor(n/4), given by the art gallery theorem for orthogonal polygons. When pixels behave themselves like guards (pixel guards), we prove that floor(3m/11) + 1 guards are sufficient and sometimes necessary to cover an m-polyomino. We also study the algorithmic complexity of computing optimal guard sets for polyominoes. We prove that determining the guard number of a given m-polyomino is NP-hard. We provide polynomial-time algorithms to solve exactly some special cases in which the polyomino is "thin".

Patent
07 Oct 2011
TL;DR: In this article, an adjustable means for adjusting the guard to fit the width of the frame is presented, wherein the adjustable means has a first end and a second end to form an axis along which the means can be adjusted.
Abstract: A safety guard or gate for placement in a frame of an opening to prevent a child or pet from passing though the opening. The present invention includes an adjustable means for adjusting the guard to fit the width of the frame, wherein the adjustable means has a first end and a second end to form an axis along which the means can be adjusted. The invention further includes an attachment means for securing the guard to the frame; and a securing means for securing the adjustable means to the attachment means. The securing means prevents the adjustable means from disengaging from the attachment means along the axis when in a locked position, and allows disengagement and reengagement of the adjustable means in direction that transects the axis when the securing means is in an unlocked position. The present invention further includes methods for using the safety guard, and systems that include elements of the safety guard.

Patent
27 Jan 2011
TL;DR: In this paper, the blade guard may include a shroud that pivots up and down to allow a workpiece to move past the guard, and a pivot joint which maintains the dust collection channel in an operable condition.
Abstract: Blade guards for power tools such as table saws are disclosed. The blade guard may include a shroud that pivots up and down to allow a workpiece to move past the guard, a dust collection channel, and a pivot joint which maintains the dust collection channel in an operable condition as the shroud pivots up or down. The guard may also include a wood stop and anti-kickback pawls. The blade guard may be part of a dust collection system and may be connected to a vacuum system by a conduit such as a flexible hose.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: As the effects of the Sendai earthquake and tsunami ripple through the global economy, companies should shore up their supply chains to guard against disaster as discussed by the authors, which is a common concern in many industries.
Abstract: As the effects of the Sendai earthquake and tsunami ripple through the global economy, companies should shore up their supply chains to guard against disaster.

Book ChapterDOI
27 Jun 2011
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that every simple non-starshaped polygon admits at most one open guard edge, and a simple new proof that any simple polygon has at most three closed guard edges.
Abstract: An open edge of a simple polygon is the set of points in the relative interior of an edge. We revisit several art gallery problems, previously considered for closed edge guards, using open edge guards. A guard edge of a polygon is an edge that sees every point inside the polygon. We show that every simple non-starshaped polygon admits at most one open guard edge, and give a simple new proof that it admits at most three closed guard edges. We also characterize open guard edges using a special type of kernel. Finally, we present lower bound constructions for simple polygons with n vertices that require \(\lfloor n/3 \rfloor\) open edge guards, and conjecture that this bound is tight.