Gum arabic

About: Gum arabic is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2197 publications have been published within this topic receiving 47782 citations. The topic is also known as: acacia gum.

Does geographic origin dictate ecological strategies in Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.? Evidence from carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes

Abstract: Acacia senegal, a leguminous dryland tree, is economically and ecologically important to sub-Saharan Africa. Water-use efficiency (WUE) and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) are fundamental to plant productivity and survival. We quantify provenance differences in WUE, BNF, photosynthesis, biomass and gum arabic production from A. senegal assessing genetic improvement potential. Using stable isotope ratios, we determined WUE (δ13C) and BNF (δ15N) from provenances of mature A. senegal in field-trials (Senegal), sampling leaves at the beginning (wet) and end (dry) of the rainy season. Seedling provenance trials (UK) determined photosynthesis, and biomass and δ13C in relation to water table. Environmental data were characterised for all provenances at their sites of origin. Provenances differed in both δ13C and δ15N. Gum yield declined with increasing WUE. Virtually no BNF was detected during the dry season and seedlings and mature trees may have different WUE strategies. Wind speed and soil characteristics at provenance origin were correlated with isotope composition and gum production. Provenance differences suggest that selection for desirable traits, e.g., increased gum production, may be possible. As ecological strategies relate to native locality, the environmental conditions at plantation site and provenance origin are important in assessing selection criteria.

Some physical properties and adsorption isotherms of vacuum-dried honey powder with different carrier materials

Abstract: This study was aimed at determining effects of different carrier materials and temperatures on water adsorption properties and net isosteric heat of vacuum-dried honey powders. The particle size and Carr index of samples were between 100.04 and 169.29 μm and 23.03–26.59%, respectively. The adsorption isotherms of samples were type II and the Caurie and Peleg models were found to be best for evaluating the adsorption properties of samples. The mean X0 values and adsorption surface areas of samples with maltodextrin, gum Arabic and whey protein isolate were 4.43, 4.76 and 4.22 g/100 g dry matter and 74.89, 65.51 and 68.76 m2/g, respectively. Increasing the temperature decreased the number of adsorbed layers and adsorption surface area of samples. Additionally, the net isosteric heat of samples decreased from 10.09 to −0.78, 20.02 to −0.53 and 7.30 to 0.04 kJ/mol when the moisture content increased by 3–50 g/100 g dry matter in samples with maltodextrin, gum Arabic and whey protein isolate, respectively.

Polysaccharide gum matrix tablets for oral controlled delivery of cimetidine

Abstract: Matrix-based tablets using 40 %w/w grewia gum were prepared by direct compression to contain cimetidine as novel drug. The formulations were compared with similar formulations using hydroxypropyl methylcelluose (Methocel ® ), gum arabic, carboxy methylcellulose (Blanose ® ), or ethyl cellulose (Ethocel ® ) as polymer matrix. Also binary composite matrices containing grewia gum and the reference polymers (40 %w/w total polymer concentration in a ratio of 1:1) were directly compressed. In addition to tablet properties, swelling, erosion, kinetics of drug release from the matrices and stability of the tablet formulations were also investigated. In vitro drug release studies reveal that grewia gum can control the release of cimetidine from tablets for up to 12 hours. This strong sustained-release potential of grewia polysaccharide gum was superior to hydrophilic matrices of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carboxy methylcellulose and gum arabic. The release of drug from the grewia polysaccharide gum matrices follows Higuchi kinetic models. There was synergy between grewia gum and HPMC in delaying the release of cimetidine from tablets. Grewia gum may therefore prove a useful excipient when used alone, or in combination with other polymers to modify the release of soluble drugs from polymeric matrices.

Kinetic model for water/oil absorption of mesquite gum (Prosopis juliflora) and gum arabic (Acacia senegal)

Abstract: The water and oil uptake of mesquite and arabic gums in powdered form was studied at temperatures of 23, 35 and 45°C A previously proposed equation to predict osmotic equilibrium was tested using the experimental data with both gums and a good statistical fit was obtained Mesquite gum showed the highest water and oil absorption at all temperatures studied Temperature dependence of the reciprocal of the S 1 and WL, were determined using an Arrhenius equation The activation energy for water and oil absorption for gum arabic was 2198 and 3957 kJ mo -1 , compared to that of mesquite gum having values of 1579 and 4616 kJ mo -1 , respectively A second order kinetic model was obtained for water and oil absorption for both gums

Interrelationship between the structural features and rehydration properties of spray dried manzano chilli sauce microcapsules

Abstract: Manzano chilli sauce microcapsules (MCHS) were obtained by spray drying using Gum Arabic (GA100%), whey protein concentrate (WPC100%) and a blend of these bi...