Topic
Hardening (metallurgy)
About: Hardening (metallurgy) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 25584 publications have been published within this topic receiving 376012 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focused on the mechanical properties of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) relevant for microelectromechanical system (MEMS) applications and analyzed the two products most commonly used in MEMS, namely RTV 615 from Bayer Silicones and Sylgard 184 from Dow Corning.
Abstract: This paper focuses on the mechanical properties of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) relevant for microelectromechanical system (MEMS) applications. In view of the limited amount of published data, we analyzed the two products most commonly used in MEMS, namely RTV 615 from Bayer Silicones and Sylgard 184 from Dow Corning. With regard to mechanical properties, we focused on the dependence of the elastic modulus on the thinner concentration, temperature and strain rate. In addition, creep and thermal aging were analyzed. We conclude that the isotropic and constant elastic modulus has strong dependence on the hardening conditions. At high hardening temperatures and long hardening time, RTV 615 displays an elastic modulus of 1.91 MPa and Sylgard 184 of 2.60 MPa in a range up to 40% strain.
422 citations
TL;DR: The suppression of particle coarsening during creep and the maintenance of a homogeneous distribution of M23C6 carbides near prior austenite grain boundaries are effective for preventing the long-term degradation of creep strength and for improving long- term creep strength by the addition of boron.
420 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was pointed out that solution hardening is generally of two types, which are called gradual and rapid, and attributed to tetragonal distortions, and a general statement of a theory was made.
418 citations
TL;DR: A review of the deposition of multilayered coatings by reactive sputtering and characterization of these coatings using transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction is presented in this paper.
413 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a model that considers solid-solution strengthening, Hall-Petch effects, precipitate shearing in the strong and weak pair-coupled modes, and dislocation bowing between precipitates has been developed and assessed.
Abstract: Polycrystalline γ-γ′ superalloys with varying grain sizes and unimodal, bimodal, or trimodal distributions of precipitates have been studied. To assess the contributions of specific features of the microstructure to the overall strength of the material, a model that considers solid-solution strengthening, Hall–Petch effects, precipitate shearing in the strong and weak pair-coupled modes, and dislocation bowing between precipitates has been developed and assessed. Cross-slip-induced hardening of the Ni3Al phase and precipitate size distributions in multimodal microstructures are also considered. New experimental observations on the contribution of precipitate shearing to the peak in flow stress at elevated temperatures are presented. Various alloys having comparable yield strengths were investigated and were found to derive their strength from different combinations of microconstituents (mechanisms). In all variants of the microstructure, there is a strong effect of antiphase boundary (APB) energy on strength. Materials subjected to heat treatments below the γ′ solvus temperature benefit from a strong Hall–Petch contribution, while supersolvus heat-treated materials gain the majority of their strength from their resistance to precipitate shearing.
412 citations