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Head (linguistics)

About: Head (linguistics) is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2540 publications have been published within this topic receiving 29023 citations. The topic is also known as: nucleus.


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01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: It is shown that the core of Φ-constituent structure assignment in Italian is a set of prosodic principles that make reference to notions of phonological weight, balance, and symmetry that contribute to the eurhythmicity of the utterance.
Abstract: In early generative theory (Chomsky and Halle (1968)) the interaction of phonology with the rest of the grammar was strongly limited to an interface with syntax such that the output of the syntactic component was the input to the phonological component, even though some readjustment rules were necessary in cases where the lack of isomorphy between morphosyntactic and phonological constituents was blatant. In more recent work, the different subcomponents of phonology have their own principles applying within phonological units not necessarily isomorphic to any morpho-syntactic constituent. With particular reference to phrasal phonology, it has been shown in much work (Selkirk (1984), Nespor and Vogel (1986)) that, while the principles defming the various prosodic consituents make reference to nonphonological notions, it is of crucial importance that the resulting prosodic constituents are not necessarily isomorphic to any constituents found elsewhere in the grammar. In the approach of Nespor and Vogel (1986) (henceforth N&V), for example, primitive phonological phrases in Italian are formed by making reference to domains delimited by the heads of maximal projection (X head ). These phonological phrases can then undergo a rule of restructuring if they happen to be the first nonbranching complements on the recursive side (the right side in Italian) of X. Italian phonological phrases are then isomorphic to no other constituents in the grammar, even though their right edges always have to coincide with the right edges of either X head or of their immediate nonbranching complements. N&V's analysis of Italian Φ-constituency is the most detailed in the literature. Nonetheless, it does not appear to be empirically adequate. New data that will be presented here will lead us to a completely different picture of how Φ-constituency is assigned in Italian. More specifically, we will show that the core of Φ-constituent structure assignment in Italian is a set of prosodic principles that make reference to notions of phonological weight, balance, and symmetry that contribute to the eurhythmicity of the utterance.

72 citations

Proceedings Article
01 Aug 1989
TL;DR: There are clear signs of a "Back to Basics" movement in parsing and syntactic generation, towards linguistic descriptions that put more information in the lexicon so that grammar rules take on a more schematic quality.
Abstract: There are clear signs of a "Back to Basics" movement in parsing and syntactic generation. Our Latin teachers were apparently right. You should start with the main verb. This will tell you what kinds of subjects and objects to look for and what cases they will be in. When you come to look for these, you should also stan by trying to find the main word, because this will tell you most about what else to look for. In the early days of research on machine translation, Paul Garvin advocated the applicadon of what he called the "Fulcrum" method to the analysis of sentences. If he was the last to heed the injunctions of his Latin teacher, it is doubtless because America followed the tradition of rewriting systems exemplified by context-free grammar and this provided no immediate motivation for the notion of the head of a construction. The European tradition, and particularly the tradition of Eastern Europe, where Garvin had his roots, tend more towards dependency grammar, but away from that of mathematical formalization which has been the underpinning of computational linguistics. But the move now is towards linguistic descriptions that put more information in the lexicon so that grammar rules take on a more schematic quality. Little by little, we moved from rules like

72 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that a theory-guided search across model systems for biological mechanisms that enable such dynamics would uncover general principles underlying head-direction circuit function.
Abstract: Many animals use an internal sense of direction to guide their movements through the world. Neurons selective to head direction are thought to support this directional sense and have been found in ...

70 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two subject-verb agreement error elicitation studies indicate that agreement processes are strongly constrained by grammatical-level scope of planning, with local nouns planned closer to the head having a greater chance of interfering with agreement computation.

70 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The grammar can be simplified by collapsing the two head-head relations, either by treating cases of abstract head movement (and concomitant feature-checking) as subcategorization or by treating Cases of subc categorization as head movement.
Abstract: . Subcategorization (Chomsky 1965), or e-selection (Pesetsky's 1982 term), is a relation which allows a head to specify certain feature values on its complement. However, the limitations of subcategorization are identical to the limitations of head-movement; the relation is strictly between a head and the head(s) that it properly governs, and never between a head and a specifier or adjunct. The grammar can therefore be simplified by collapsing the two head-head relations, either by treating cases of abstract head movement (and concomitant feature-checking) as subcategorization or by treating cases of subcategorization as head movement. In this paper I outline a proposal of the latter sort.

69 citations


Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20222
202168
202090
201986
201890
201790