Topic
Heat-affected zone
About: Heat-affected zone is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 18787 publications have been published within this topic receiving 231744 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties for the obtained welds were discussed and analyzed in detail, and defect-free SSFSW welds with fine and smooth surface were obtained for all the selected welding parameters, and the weld transverse sections are obviously different from that of conventional FSW joint.
77 citations
15 Aug 2006-Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing
TL;DR: In this article, a large number of transverse cracks were found in the weld fusion zone in laser and hybrid laser/arc welding of high strength aluminium alloys, and it was found that the cracking is related to the elongated temperature distribution in the welding direction.
Abstract: In laser and hybrid laser/arc welding of high strength aluminium alloys, a large number of transverse cracks were found in the weld fusion zone. The cracking behaviour was evaluated experimentally and scanning electron microscopy images of crack surfaces confirmed that the cracks occurred when the weld fusion zone was in the semi-solid state. Thermal histories in the workpiece under representative welding conditions were measured and constitutive modelling of thermo-mechanical behaviour in the weld was performed. It was found that the cracking is related to the elongated temperature distribution in the welding direction, which induces a transverse tensile strain in the weld fusion zone during the cooling phase. One of the possible solutions to the cracking problem is to use an additional heat source to alter the temperature distribution and thus to reduce the cracking tendency. The effect of welding with an appropriately placed secondary heat source was verified by experimental tests.
77 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a finite element method (FEM) incorporating the cast microstructure and alloy chemical composition was used to calculate the welding stresses and predict crack initiation, and a pre-welding homogenization heat treatment, lower welding heat input, and post welding crater grinding of each individual welding seam can decrease its hot cracking susceptibility.
77 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a numerical model of the droplet detachment of a gas-metal arc welding process is presented based on the volume of fluid method and focuses on the detailed description of the interaction between the arc and the anodic wire electrode.
Abstract: A numerical model of the droplet detachment of a gas–metal arc welding process is presented. The model is based on the volume of fluid method and focuses on the detailed description of the interaction between the arc and the anodic wire electrode. The influence of metal vapour on the arc plasma and the arc attachment at the wire is taken into account. The formation of metal vapour at the wire is described self-consistently as a function of the wire temperature by the help of the Hertz–Knudsen–Langmuir equation. Results are presented for a pulsed gas–metal arc welding process with a wire of mild steel and argon as the shielding gas.
77 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the microstructural change related with the hardness profile has been evaluated for friction stir welded, age hardenable 6005 Al alloy, and sound joints were successfully formed under a wide range of friction stir welding conditions.
Abstract: The microstructural change related with the hardness profile has been evaluated for friction stir welded, age hardenable 6005 Al alloy. Frictional heat and plastic flow during friction stir welding created fine and equiaxed grains in the stir zone (SZ), and elongated and recovered grains in the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ). The heat affected zone (HAZ), identified only by the hardness result because there is no difference in grain structure compared to the base metal, was formed beside the weld zone. A softened region was formed near the weld zone during the friction stir welding process. The softened region was characterised by the dissolution and coarsening of the strengthening precipitate during friction stir welding. Sound joints in 6005 Al alloys were successfully formed under a wide range of friction stir welding conditions. The maximum tensile strength, obtained at 507 mm min-1 welding speed and 1600 rev min-1 tool rotation speed, was 220 MPa, which was 85% of the strength of the...
77 citations