Topic
Heat-affected zone
About: Heat-affected zone is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 18787 publications have been published within this topic receiving 231744 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the effect of microstructure at the base metal, the fine grain heat affected zone (FGHAZ), the coarse grain HAZ (CGHAZ) and weld metal (WM) under different welding heat input on hydrogen permeation in X80 steel weldments have been investigated.
67 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the grain structures formed during friction stir welding of a typical aluminium aerospace alloy have been studied by high resolution EBSD analysis, showing that grain structures reflect the local deformation conditions, and due to the high temperatures and strains, show characteristics typical of different stages of dynamic recrystallisation.
Abstract: The grain structures formed during friction stir welding of a typical aluminium aerospace alloy have been studied by high resolution EBSD analysis. The grain structures reflect the local deformation conditions, and due to the high temperatures and strains, show characteristics typical of different stages of dynamic recrystallisation. The large strains and high density of second phase particles in the nugget zone result in a very fine 2-3 μm equiaxed grain size. There is an abrupt transition in grain structure between the nugget and the TMAZ at the side of the weld. A very fine grain structure was also observed near to the top surface of the weld that was in contact with the tool shoulder. The nugget zone, onion ring structure was attributed to bands of different densities of second phase particles, rather than any significant difference in the local grain structure or texture.
67 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of the RSW parameters on weld properties were investigated within a design of experiments framework by altering the electrical current intensity, welding time, sheet thickness, electrode face radius, and squeeze force at multiple levels.
67 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, different electrode conditions have been employed during welding of P91 steel to study their effects on hydrogen-assisted cracking (HAC) susceptibility of cast and forged (C&F) P91steel welds produced by shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process has been evaluated through implant test with respect to different level of diffusible hydrogen content in the deposited metal.
67 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between the microstructures of thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) and heat input in friction stir welding (FSW) of 5086 aluminum alloy was investigated.
Abstract: This research investigates the relationship between the microstructures of thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) and heat input in friction stir welding (FSW) of 5086 aluminum alloy. First, welding heat input has been predicted using a three-dimensional finite element analysis; then, welding experiments have been carried out on annealed and work-hardened conditions to study the developed microstructures and the mechanical properties of the welded metal. The results show that the temperature field in the FSW process is asymmetrically distributed with respect to the welding line. Also, both experimental and predicted data illustrates that peak temperatures are higher on the advancing side than the retreating side. In addition, the microstructures are strongly affected by the heat input, while the grain size within the TMAZ decreases with decreasing heat input per unit length during FSW.
67 citations