Topic
Heat-affected zone
About: Heat-affected zone is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 18787 publications have been published within this topic receiving 231744 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, an automatic pulsed GTAW system with fuzzy control technique was proposed by using a real-time root bead image feedback, and the width of root pass was used as control indication for full penetration.
55 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of welding processes such as shielded metal arc welding, gas metal arc and gas tungsten arc welding on tensile and impact properties of the ferritic stainless steel conforming to AISI 409M grade is studied.
Abstract: The effect of welding processes such as shielded metal arc welding, gas metal arc welding and gas tungsten arc welding on tensile and impact properties of the ferritic stainless steel conforming to AISI 409M grade is studied. Rolled plates of 4 mm thickness were used as the base material for preparing single pass butt welded joints. Tensile and impact properties, microhardness, microstructure and fracture surface morphology of the welded joints have been evaluated and the results are compared. From this investigation, it is found that gas tungsten arc welded joints of ferritic stainless steel have superior tensile and impact properties compared with shielded metal arc and gas metal arc welded joints and this is mainly due to the presence of finer grains in fusion zone and heat affected zone.
55 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new weld method, ultrasonic assisted underwater wet welding process (U-FCAW), was explored in order to achieve high performance welding joints, where the addition of ultrasonic can form an acoustic field between the workpiece and the ultrasonic radiator.
55 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a computer-based system is developed to collect and visualize the waveforms of the electrical welding parameters and metal transfer processes in laser-metal active gas (MAG) hybrid welding.
Abstract: In this paper, CO 2 laser–metal active gas (MAG) hybrid welding technique is used to weld high strength steel and the optimized process parameters are obtained. Using LD Pumped laser with an emission wavelength of 532 nm to overcome the strong interference from the welding arc, a computer-based system is developed to collect and visualize the waveforms of the electrical welding parameters and metal transfer processes in laser–MAG. The welding electric signals of hybrid welding processes are quantitatively described and analyzed using the ANALYSATOR HANNOVER. The effect of distance between laser and arc ( D LA ) on weld bead geometry, forming process of weld shape, electric signals, arc characteristic and droplet transfer behavior is investigated. It is found that arc characteristic, droplet transfer mode and final weld bead geometry are strongly affected by the distance between laser and arc. The weld bead geometry is changed from “cocktail cup” to “cone-shaped” with the increasing D LA . The droplet transfer mode is changed from globular transfer to projected transfer with the increasing D LA . Projected transfer mode is an advantage for the stability of hybrid welding processes.
55 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of the Alclad 7B04-T74 aluminum alloy were investigated and a mathematical relationship between the fracture strength and the welding parameters was developed by applying the Box-Behnken experimental design.
Abstract: Alclad 7B04-T74 aluminum alloy was friction stir lap welded at different welding parameters. The microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of the joints were investigated. After welding, the initial Alclad at the faying interface upward migrated and penetrated into the stir zone from the retreating side. This reduced the postweld thickness of the upper sheet and formed a potential crack propagation path in the stir zone during tensile shear testing. During welding, the stirred Alclad was lifted by the probe-driven material flow and pressed down by the shoulder-driven material flow. The higher tool rotation speed or the lower welding speed made the redistributed Alclad in the stir zone more disperse. Higher fracture strength of the joint was obtained when the retreating side of upper sheet was loaded. A mathematical relationship between the fracture strength and the welding parameters was developed by applying the Box-Behnken experimental design, and the optimized fracture strength of 749 N/mm was obtained.
55 citations