Topic
Heat-affected zone
About: Heat-affected zone is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 18787 publications have been published within this topic receiving 231744 citations.
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TL;DR: Friction stir welding was investigated as a viable process for joining thin aluminum sheets in order to manufacture tailored blanks in this paper, and three alloys were tested: 5182-O, 5754-O and 6022-T4.
Abstract: Friction stir welding was investigated as a viable process for joining thin aluminum sheets in order to manufacture tailored blanks. In the present study three alloys were tested: 5182-O, 5754-O, and 6022-T4. All three of these alloys are being used to fabricate stamped automotive parts. The gas tungsten arc welding process has been used to make aluminum-tailored welded blanks industrially, so results using this process were compared to FSW results. Blanks of the same gage of all three alloys were welded and then evaluated using tensile and formability testing. The 5xxx series alloys had similar tensile ductility and formability regardless of the welding process. However, the 6022-T4 sheets joined using friction stir welding had better formability than those joined using gas tungsten arc welding because friction stir welding caused less softening in the heat-affected zone.
100 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the transient weld pool dynamics under the periodical impingement of filler droplets that carry mass, momentum, thermal energy, and species in a moving 3D gas metal arc welding.
100 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a grey layer was observed at the fracture surfaces of welded parts and it was considered that this layer decreased the strength of the joints, and tensile and microhardness tests were applied to the joints.
Abstract: Industrial use of non-ferrous materials is significant in the electrical and the chemical engineering applications. Copper–aluminium joints are inevitable for certain applications due to unique performances such as higher electric conductivity, heat conductivity, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. Friction welding is the most common method used due to material and energy saving. In the present study, copper and aluminium materials were joined by friction welding. Optimum parameters were obtained using a statistical approach. Tensile and microhardness tests were applied to the joints. Micro- and macrophotographs were examined. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis was used to determine the phases that occurred during welding. A grey layer was observed at the fracture surfaces of welded parts. It was considered that this layer decreased the strength of the joints.
100 citations
TL;DR: In this article, sound Al Zn-steel "sandwich" joints were achieved with the tool pin inserted into zinc foil, vast zinc was stirred into aluminum fabricating AlZn mixing layer structure in the upper part of aluminum side and no intermetallic compound interlayer was discovered at the interface.
100 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a tensile-shear test of spot welds in dual-phase (DP) steels was performed and three empirical equations were inferred from least-squares root-fitting analyses of tensile shear testing data.
Abstract: In this article, weld fracture criteria based upon low strain rate (i.e., e ∼ 10 -3 -10 -2 s -1 ) tensile-shear tests of spot welds in dual-phase (DP) steels DP600, DP780, and DP980 are developed. Three empirical equations are inferred from least-squares root-fitting analyses of tensile-shear testing data. Building upon existing results in the literature, the first equation relates the tensile-shear force to the weld diameter. The second and third equations relate, respectively, a critical weld diameter and a critical tensile-shear force for interfacial fracture to the sheet thickness and hardness extrema in the heat-affected zone. These idealized equations can serve as the basis for further development of fracture criteria resembling material flow laws that account for higher strain rates and more complicated deformation paths. The effect of spot-weld placement in specific patterns or arrays on deformation and fracture behavior was also investigated to explore underlying effects from deformation field interactions between adjacent spot welds.
100 citations