High dynamic range

About: High dynamic range is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 4280 publications have been published within this topic receiving 76293 citations. The topic is also known as: HDR.

A Gaussian process and image registration based stitching method for high dynamic range measurement of precision surfaces

Abstract: Optical instruments are widely used for precision surface measurement. However, the dynamic range of optical instruments, in terms of measurement area and resolution, is limited by the characteristics of the imaging and the detection systems. If a large area with a high resolution is required, multiple measurements need to be conducted and the resulting datasets needs to be stitched together. Traditional stitching methods use six degrees of freedom for the registration of the overlapped regions, which can result in high computational complexity. Moreover, measurement error increases with increasing measurement data. In this paper, a stitching method, based on a Gaussian process, image registration and edge intensity data fusion, is presented. Firstly, the stitched datasets are modelled by using a Gaussian process so as to determine the mean of each stitched tile. Secondly, the datasets are projected to a base plane. In this way, the three-dimensional datasets are transformed to two-dimensional (2D) images. The images are registered by using an (x, y) translation to simplify the complexity. By using a high precision linear stage that is integral to the measurement instrument, the rotational error becomes insignificant and the cumulative rotational error can be eliminated. The translational error can be compensated by the image registration process. The z direction registration is performed by a least-squares error algorithm and the (x, y, z) translational information is determined. Finally, the overlapped regions of the measurement datasets are fused together by the edge intensity data fusion method. As a result, a large measurement area with a high resolution is obtained. A simulated and an actual measurement with a coherence scanning interferometer have been conducted to verify the proposed method. The stitching result shows that the proposed method is technically feasible for large area surface measurement.

Generalised optical differentiation wavefront sensor: a sensitive high dynamic range wavefront sensor

Abstract: Current wavefront sensors for high resolution imaging have either a large dynamic range or a high sensitivity. A new kind of wavefront sensor is developed which can have both: the Generalised Optical Differentiation wavefront sensor. This new wavefront sensor is based on the principles of optical differentiation by amplitude filters. We have extended the theory behind linear optical differentiation and generalised it to nonlinear filters. We used numerical simulations and laboratory experiments to investigate the properties of the generalised wavefront sensor. With this we created a new filter that can decouple the dynamic range from the sensitivity. These properties make it suitable for adaptive optic systems where a large range of phase aberrations have to be measured with high precision.

Systems and methods for applying adaptive gamma in image processing for high brightness and high dynamic range displays

Abstract: Systems and methods of image processing are provided for a display having a light source modulation layer and a display modulation layer. A section of a perceptual curve, such as a DICOM curve, is extracted for each frame of image data, based on a profile of expected luminance on the display modulation layer from light emitted by the light source modulation layer. The section of the perceptual curve may be used to determine a desired-total response curve which maps display modulation layer input control values to corresponding output luminance values. The desired-total response curve and a display modulator-specific response curve may be applied to image data to generate control values for driving the display modulation layer.

Quantitative x-ray microtomography with a conventional source

Abstract: In 1981, Elliott and Dover designed an X-ray microtomography scanner as a means of measuring the local mineral concentration in teeth. Although slow, this first generation system gave accurate measurements of the X-ray linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) due to its use of energy dispersive photon counting apparatus. Attaining such accuracy with integrating detectors in third generation scanners is difficult, but has been the goal of our ongoing development. The current "MuCat 2" system uses a 6cm square CCD chip with a parallel fibre-optic faceplate coupled to a CsI scintillator. Time delay integration readout (with sliding camera) is used to eliminate ring artefacts and enable high dynamic range X-ray projections to be acquired. The beam is collimated with a moving aperture (tracking the camera) to reduce X-ray scatter. Beam hardening is reduced by the use of filtering and corrected using data from an aluminium step wedge to optimise a model of polychromatic X-ray generation, attenuation and detection. Adjustments can be made to the model to allow for known specimen composition. Projections are corrected for distortion and repeatable wobble in the rotation stage. Where high absolute accuracy of the LAC is required, a pure aluminium wire is included in the scan and used to "fine-tune" the grey level after reconstruction.

Digital-to-analog conversion with improved dynamic range

Abstract: An audio downlink path is provided including a Dynamic Range Boost (DRB), a modified Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), and a modified audio driver gain control to produce a very high Dynamic Range (DR) while maintaining a limited scale and complexity of the components within the audio downlink path.