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Holarrhena
About: Holarrhena is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 244 publications have been published within this topic receiving 4884 citations.
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TL;DR: Among various extracts, only alcoholic extracts of Emblica officinalis, terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, Plumbago zeylanica and Holarrhena antidysenterica were found to show potentially interesting activity against test bacteria.
1,040 citations
TL;DR: Screening was done of some plants of importance in the Ayurvedic system of traditional medicine used in India to treat enteric diseases for their activity against multi‐drug resistant Salmonella typhi.
Abstract: Screening was done of some plants of importance in the Ayurvedic system of traditional medicine used in India to treat enteric diseases. Fifty four plant extracts (methanol and aqueous) were assayed for their activity against multi-drug resistant Salmonella typhi. Strong antibacterial activity was shown by the methanol extracts of Aegle marmelos, Salmalia malabarica, Punica granatum, Myristica fragrans, Holarrhena antidysenterica, Terminalia arjuna and Triphal (mixture of Emblica of fi cinalis, Terminalia chebula and Terminalia belerica). Moderate antimicrobial activity was shown by Picorhiza kurroa, Acacia catechu, Acacia nilotica, Cichorium intybus, Embelia ribes, Solanum nigrum, Carum copticum, Apium graveolens, Ocimum sanctum, Peucedanum graveolens and Butea monosperma.
336 citations
TL;DR: Further activity-guided fractionation of active fractions is needed to isolate and characterize the active principle in order to establish the mode of action against the ESbetaL-producing multidrug-resistant enteric bacteria and the mechanism of synergy.
262 citations
TL;DR: Ethanolic extracts and some fractions from 10 Indian medicinal plants, known for antibacterial activity, were investigated for their ability to inhibit clinical isolates of β‐lactamase producing methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillus‐sensitive S. aureUS (MSSA).
Abstract: Ethanolic extracts and some fractions from 10 Indian medicinal plants, known for antibacterial activity, were investigated for their ability to inhibit clinical isolates of beta-lactamase producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). Synergistic interaction of plant extracts with certain antibiotics was also evaluated. The MRSA test strains were found to be multi-drug resistant and also exhibited high level of resistance to common beta-lactam antibiotics. These strains produced beta-lactamases, which hydrolyze one or other beta-lactam antibiotics, tested. The extract of the plants from Camellia sinensis (leaves), Delonix regia (flowers), Holarrhena antidysenterica (bark), Lawsonia inermis (leaves), Punica granatum (rind), Terminalia chebula (fruits) and Terminalia belerica (fruits) showed a broad-spectrum of antibacterial activity with an inhibition zone size of 11 mm to 27 mm, against all the test bacteria. The extracts from the leaves of Ocimum sanctum showed better activity against the three MRSA strains. On the other hand, extracts from Allium sativum (bulb) and Citrus sinensis (rind) exhibited little or no activity, against MRSA strains. The antibacterial potency of crude extracts was determined in terms of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by the tube dilution method. MIC values, of the plant extracts, ranged from 1.3 to 8.2 mg/ml, against the test bacteria. Further, the extracts from Punica granatum and Delonix regia were fractionated in benzene, acetone and methanol. Antibacterial activity was observed in acetone as well as in the methanol fractions. In vitro synergistic interaction of crude extracts from Camellia sinensis, Lawsonia inermis, Punica granatum, Terminalia chebula and Terminalia belerica was detected with tetracycline. Moreover, the extract from Camellia sinensis also showed synergism with ampicillin.TLC of the above extracts revealed the presence of major phytocompounds, like alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols and saponins. TLC-bioautography indicated phenols and flavonoids as major active compounds.
198 citations
TL;DR: An ethnopharmacological investigation was conducted among the Baka pygmies of Dja biosphere reserve (Cameroon) to collect information on the antimalarial plants used in their daily life, and extracts of H. floribunda showed remarkable inhibitory activity against drug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum.
Abstract: An ethnopharmacological investigation was conducted among the Baka pygmies of Dja biosphere reserve (Cameroon) to collect information on the antimalarial plants used in their daily life. Holarrhena floribunda is one of those plants. Extracts of the stem barks of H. floribunda showed remarkable inhibitory activity against drug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum at doses of 1.02-18.53 microg/mL when tested in vitro against two parasite clones designated as Indochina (W-2) and Sierra Leone (D-6). The aqueous extract was the most active against Indochina (W-2), with IC50 values of 1.02 microg/mL, while the ethanolic extract appeared to be the most active against Sierra Leone (D-6), with an IC50 of 4.33 microg/mL. The bioassay-guided fractionation of the neutral fraction of the crude extract led to the isolation of lupeol (1) and its three new long-chain fatty acid ester derivatives, namely, 3-O-(3'-hydroxyeicosanoyl)lupeol (2), 3-O-[(2'-(tetracosyloxy)acetyl]lupeol (3), and 3-O-[(1' '-hydroxyoctadecyloxy)-2'-hydroxypropanoyl]lupeol (4). These new compounds displayed some in vitro inhibition activity against the chloroquine-resistant strain FCR-3 isolated from Gambia and the chloroquine-sensitive standard strain 3D7. The hydroxy group of the fatty acid side chain appears to decrease the observed activity.
151 citations