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Holographic principle

About: Holographic principle is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 877 publications have been published within this topic receiving 34653 citations. The topic is also known as: holographic universe.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of particle growth with momentum on information spreading near black hole horizons were investigated. But the authors only considered the earliest times of the propagation of information near the horizon.
Abstract: According to ’t Hooft the combination of quantum mechanics and gravity requires the three‐dimensional world to be an image of data that can be stored on a two‐dimensional projection much like a holographic image. The two‐dimensional description only requires one discrete degree of freedom per Planck area and yet it is rich enough to describe all three‐dimensional phenomena. After outlining ’t Hooft’s proposal we give a preliminary informal description of how it may be implemented. One finds a basic requirement that particles must grow in size as their momenta are increased far above the Planck scale. The consequences for high‐energy particle collisions are described. The phenomenon of particle growth with momentum was previously discussed in the context of string theory and was related to information spreading near black hole horizons. The considerations of this paper indicate that the effect is much more rapid at all but the earliest times. In fact the rate of spreading is found to saturate the bound fro...

4,047 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Bekenstein-Hawking area entropy relation S BH = A 4 was derived for a class of five-dimensional extremal black holes in string theory by counting the degeneracy of BPS solition bound states.

3,497 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a covariant generalization of the holographic entanglement entropy proposal of hep-th/0603001 is proposed to understand the time-dependence of entropy in generic quantum field theories.
Abstract: With an aim towards understanding the time-dependence of entanglement entropy in generic quantum field theories, we propose a covariant generalization of the holographic entanglement entropy proposal of hep-th/0603001. Apart from providing several examples of possible covariant generalizations, we study a particular construction based on light-sheets, motivated in similar spirit to the covariant entropy bound underlying the holographic principle. In particular, we argue that the entanglement entropy associated with a specified region on the boundary in the context of the AdS/CFT correspondence is given by the area of a co-dimension two bulk surface with vanishing expansions of null geodesics. We demonstrate our construction with several examples to illustrate its reduction to the holographic entanglement entropy proposal in static spacetimes. We further show how this proposal may be used to understand the time evolution of entanglement entropy in a time varying QFT state dual to a collapsing black hole background. Finally, we use our proposal to argue that the Euclidean wormhole geometries with multiple boundaries should be regarded as states in a non-interacting but entangled set of QFTs, one associated to each boundary.

2,047 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The holographic principle as mentioned in this paper asserts that the fundamental degrees of freedom involved in a unified description of spacetime and matter must be manifest in an underlying quantum theory of gravity, and it has yet to be explained.
Abstract: There is strong evidence that the area of any surface limits the information content of adjacent spacetime regions, at $1.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{69}$ bits per square meter. This article reviews the developments that have led to the recognition of this entropy bound, placing special emphasis on the quantum properties of black holes. The construction of light sheets, which associate relevant spacetime regions to any given surface, is discussed in detail. This article explains how the bound is tested, and its validity is demonstrated in a wide range of examples. A universal relation between geometry and information is thus uncovered. It has yet to be explained. The holographic principle asserts that its origin must lie in the number of fundamental degrees of freedom involved in a unified description of spacetime and matter. It must be manifest in an underlying quantum theory of gravity. This article surveys some successes and challenges in implementing the holographic principle.

1,706 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the entropy of a black hole in three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space was computed using the Bekenstein-Hawking area formula, and the result pertains to any consistent quantum theory of gravity, and does not use string theory or supersymmetry.
Abstract: Black holes whose near-horizon geometries are locally, but not necessarily globally, AdS3 (three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space) are considered. Using the fact that quantum gravity on AdS3 is a conformal field theory, we microscopically compute the black hole entropy from the asymptotic growth of states. Precise numerical agreement with the Bekenstein-Hawking area formula for the entropy is found. The result pertains to any consistent quantum theory of gravity, and does not use string theory or supersymmetry.

1,255 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20236
202220
202131
202044
201947
201840