Showing papers on "Honing published in 1996"

Method and apparatus for honing an elongate rotary tool

Abstract: A method of, and apparatus for, treating an elongate rotary tool (22) that presents a sharp cutting edge (30) are described. The method includes the steps of emitting under pressure from a nozzle (60) an abrasive fluid stream comprising an abrasive grit entrained in a fluid; and impinging the abrasive fluid stream against the sharp cutting edge (30) of the elongate rotary tool (22) for a preselected time so as to transform the sharp cutting edge (30) into a relatively uniformly honed edge. The apparatus (50) includes a rotatable fixture (54) that releasably holds the elongate rotary tool (22). A nozzle (60) that emits under pressure an abrasive steam. The nozzle (60) and the elongate rotary tool (22) are relatively moveable so that the abrasive stream impinges the entire length of the sharp cutting edge (30).

Method of preparing and coating aluminum bore surfaces

Abstract: A method of preparing and coating cylindrical bore surfaces of an aluminum workpiece that comprises (a) inserting and rotationally reciprocally moving a plurality of honing elements against the bore surface with a pressure of at least 30 psi to effect a pattern of spiral overlapping abrasions on said surface, each element being constituted of multifaceted, irregular-shaped, abrasive particles (i.e., diamond or SiC) having a particle size of 30-1300 micrometers. The particles, when in contact with the surface, plow micro-sized, non-smooth and irregularly spaced grooves in the aluminum workpiece resulting in spiral peaks and valleys along the direction of movement of the particles, whereupon repeated reciprocation and rotation of the elements (i.e. 50-200 sfm) thereagainst results in overlapping grooves and cross-abrading of the prior peaks and valleys accompanied by a molding and folding over of certain of the peaks and valleys to create irregular, micro-sized tears, folds, and undercuts; and (b) thermally depositing wear resistant metallic particles onto the abraded surface to form a cohesive coating, said deposited particles migrating into the non-smooth grooves and into the irregular tears, folds, and undercuts during thermal deposition to increase the mechanical bond strength of the coating to the workpiece surface.

Method of treating light metal cylinder bore walls to receive thermal sprayed metal coatings

Abstract: A method of treating a light metal cylinder bore wall to adherently receive a thermally sprayed metallic coating, that comprises (a) honing the wall to produce a net cylinder shape surface by use of spiral overlapping cross-abrasions having certain peaks and valleys of the abrasions folded over and molded to create tears, folds and undercuts rendering a hook and ladder effect, the honing being carried out with the use of a machining coolant to prevent burnishing of the walls; (b) either concurrently or shortly after step (a), washing the honed surface with a hot alkaline solution comprising (i) a non-soaping aluminate forming agent (sodium xanthate) that produces a residue on the walls, and (ii) surfactants that facilitate wetting of the walls even when some steam bubbles may be present; (c) rinsing the washed surfaces without disturbing the residue; and (d) thermally spraying a metallic bond coat and top coat on the honed and washed surface to render adhesion between the coating and prepared surface that is at least 6000 psi.

Polishing and Honing Processes: An Investigation of the Thermal Properties of Mixtures of Polyborosiloxane and Silicon Carbide Abrasive:

Abstract: The passage of an ultrasonic wave through a mixture of polyborosiloxane and silicon carbide abrasive, when used in a honing process, causes heating due to the attenuation of the said wave. This is critical to the honing process since the temperature in the components being treated must be limited to about 70° C. A numerical model of the heat generation and transfer processes in the polishing medium is being formulated, which requires knowledge of the thermophysical properties of the mixture.This investigation concentrates on the experimental determination of thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and surface heat transfer coefficient for various mixtures of polyborosiloxane and silicon carbide abrasive. Theoretical, semi-empirical and empirical models are derived for the variation of these thermal properties as functions of both material composition and temperature.

Fluid-activated variable honing tools and method of using the same

Abstract: An improved honing method and device connected to a source of pressurized fluid for machining a wall of a bore hole or similar interior of a workpiece. The honing device includes a tool mandrel connected in a cantilevered arrangement to a machine for rotating machining operations. A rigid honing member is secured to the tool mandrel, and configured such that the effective diameter of the substantially rigid abrasive outer surface of the honing member can be uniformly and precisely varied in a radial direction relative to the longitudinal axis of the tool in response to pressure on the interior surface of the honing member. A fluid distribution system formed in the tool mandrel in a predetermined arrangement is in fluid communication with the source of pressurized fluid, and includes a pressure chamber that is configured to apply fluid pressure to the interior surface of the honing member. At least one passage extends through the honing member from the pressure chamber and has an opening on the exterior surface of the honing member for delivering fluid to dissipate heat energy and remove debris.

Coating and/or machining of previously treated workpiece surfaces

Abstract: The method concerns coating and/or machining of previously treated workpiece surfaces. As a preparation for such processes, in particular, superfinish machining processes such as honing, for example, the surfaces in question are structured with a regular pattern by means of laser beams.

Coater die edge finishing method

Abstract: A method of microfinishing the edge of a die component (8) includes polishing the edges after the die component is machined by known methods to finish the edges of the die component to a smoother finish than the rest of the die component. This eliminates the incidence of undesirable streaking defects in the coating. The polishing step can be lapping, vapor honing, or grit blasting. The edges are polished to a finish of less than 8 microinches.

Throw-away chip with honing

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an increased life for a chip by dispersing an impact load during chamfering. SOLUTION: Honing 19 is formed on the cutting edge ridge line part of a throw-away chip 10. A honing angle α a in the region of a main cutting edge 13 is gradually increased from a connection region to a corner blade 14 to a connection region to an auxiliary cutting edge 15 to form a honing twist surface 19a. A honing width Ta is gradually decreased along the main cutting edge 13 and the main cutting edge 13 is positioned parallel to an under surface 11. In a case of an axial rake angle B being positive during chamfering that the chip 10 is attached to a cutting tool, contact is effected at the point S 1 on a cross ridge line L 1 between a cutting face 12 and a honing twist surface 19a. In a case of the axial angle B being negative, contact is effected at a point R 1 . COPYRIGHT: (C)1997,JPO

Numerically controlled honing machine

Abstract: PURPOSE: To continuously adjust the diameter of a grinding tool and thus to rough finish, semi-finish and fine finish with a single honing tool by moving a honing stick of the honing tool in a radial direction when moving a radial direction control shaft in an axial direction with a honing unit control mechanism. CONSTITUTION: When a honing unit 100 is inserted in a main spindle at the right-hand side and a cutting control shaft and a connecting shaft 102 are connected, the connecting shaft 102 is released from a chain locking. When the control shaft is rotated relatively to the main spindle by rotating a servo motor in this state, the rotation is transmitted to the connecting shaft 102 via an engaging section to rotate a screw 105 and then a nut 151 is moved in an axial direction to move forward a radial direction control shaft 155 of a wedge type via the connecting shaft 153. As a result, a horning stick holder 156 divided into two parts is widened outward in an axial direction while it is guided by a holder guide 160 and thus the diameter of a honing stick 159 attached to the peripherary is increased.

Machine part with improved surface texture for rolling contact and/or sliding contact

Abstract: A machine part includes a surface suitable for rolling contact and/or sliding contact on another machine pad and made by an at least two-stage honing process, with a first honing step effecting a surface texture exhibiting a plurality of peaks and a plurality of pits and defining a mean profile line, and a second honing step for removal of the peaks to a level of the mean profile line for forming a plateau-like tenure that is interrupted by crossing pits, whereby the depth of the pits from the first honing step is maintained. Subsequently, abrasive grain is pushed into the surface for creating a crater-like recess, thereby displacing material at random in horizontal and venial directions for at least partially closing the pits. Mounds created during material displacement and positioned above the mean profile line are removed through a subsequent polishing process.

Method of dressing honing wheels

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for dressing a hone of a honing wheel which is used for honing a gear to be finished. A dressing tool is brought into contact with the honing wheel under a predetermined constant contact pressure and during the reciprocal feed of the dressing tool. The amount of the contact pressure is maintained constant so as to gradually increase the in-feed of the honing wheel. This is useful in decreasing the number of transverse feeds of the dressing tool.

Base body for electrophotographic photoreceptor and its production

Abstract: PURPOSE: To prevent interference fringes, moire and halftone irregularity and to obtain a good image by eliminating the orientation of surface roughness appearing on the surface of a conductive base body after primary processing by subjecting the body to secondary processing. CONSTITUTION: This conductive base body is used to constitute an electrophotographic photoreceptor by forming a photosensitive layer on the surface. The surface of the conductive base body comprising an aluminum alloy is subjected to primary processing (shaping) to make the surface having a specified shape and surface roughness. Then the body is subjected to secondary processing by blasting or honing treatment so that the orientation of continuous processing flaws especially in the circumferential direction produced by shaping is eliminated. For example, when blast treatment is performed, the conductive base body 2-7 after the primary processing is held by a chucking metal 2-6, to which glass beads 2-5 or the like are injected with air flow through a nozzle 2-1 which is moved in the vertical direction by a nozzle moving device 2-8, 2-9 so that the primary processing flaws on the conductive base body 2-7 are eliminated to obtain a specified range of surface roughness.

Honing method and honing head used in this method

Abstract: PURPOSE: To provide a honing head in which guide members provided with air nozzles serving as the measuring parts of an air micrometer are provided in such a way as to be radially jogged in order to detect the inner diameter of a machined hole with high accuracy. CONSTITUTION: A cylindrical head body 3 is provided with honing stick shoes 9B with honing sticks 7B provided at the outer side parts, movably in the radial direction, and a rod 15 provided with an opening taper part 17 for pressing to open each honing stick shoe 9B is provided in the axially movable state in the head body 3. The appropriate number of guide members 11 out of plural guide members 11 provided at the head body 3 are provided with air nozzles 13 for jetting air toward the inner peripheral surface HF of a machined hole H so as to serve as the measuring parts of an air micrometer for measuring a clearance between the guide member surface 11F and the inner peripheral surface HF. The guide members 11 provided with the air nozzles 13 are provided in such a way as to be jogged in the radial direction of the head body 3 and positioned into specified positions.

Method of truing honing or similar tool with internal teeth

Abstract: The trueing gearwheel (AR) is brought into engagement with the internal teeth of the honing tool (T), taking the place of a gearwheel (W) the teeth of which are to be finished. The trueing wheel (AR) used has a large number of teeth and a large diameter compared with the wheel (W) on which the honing tool is used. While the trueing wheel is in engagement with the teeth on the honing tool, it rotates about a centreline which lies at a distance from the centreline of the trueing tool and if necessary at an angle to this centreline.

Surface-finish assessment of synthetic quartz glass

Abstract: Synthetic quartz glass surfaces have been examined after consecutive stages of the manufacturing process: cutting, flat honing, and polishing. Results are presented of microtopography investigations performed using several optical and non-optical methods such as optical and mechanical profilometry, atomic force microscopy, and integrated light scattering. Rms-roughness values have been determined for each step of the surface finishing process. Subsurface damage effects have been imaged by scanning electron microscopy.

Method of finishing the hardened teeth of a bevel gear wheel

Abstract: In a process for finishing the hardened teeth of a bevel gear wheel by grinding after hardening, the ground teeth are fine-honed, this procedure being carried out in the same chucking unit as used for the preceding grinding. A machine especially suitable for this procedure has a chucking device for the bevel gear wheel (12) and a double machining head for mounting two machining tools, namely a grinding wheel (26) and a honing wheel (28). The bevel gear wheel (12) to be machined is preferably a pinion, and accordingly the honing wheel (28) is a bevel gear-type machining tool. Pairing the ground and honed pinion (12) with a bevel gear which has been only ground results in a good noise standard, and the lapping required for hypoid gears manufactured in the traditional way, with its associated drawbacks, is unnecessary.

Method of making a plateau honing tool

Abstract: An injection molded disposable honing tool is made by an injection molding process. The tool has an elongated rectangular base from which projects an elongated section which may be somewhat smaller. The elongated section terminates in a working face. The entire tool may incorporate abrasive therein homogeneously or simply the elongated section which terminates in the working face. A shot of a plastic melt such as nylon is formed with abrasive mixed homogeneously which is then injected into a mold. For higher cost abrasive, a two shot process may be used with one shot being abrasive free. Alternatively, an abrasive-free insert may be placed in the mold before the abrasive mix is injected. The surface of the working face may be formed to act as a working face of closely packed fingers by placing patterns in the mold surface forming the working face, or subsequently cutting the working face, or a combination of both.

Honing device for mfr. of roller bearings

Abstract: The device has a first backing roller (1) with a profiled groove (7) which matches the angle of taper of the roller bearing (4). A second backing roller (2) with its longitudinal axis parallel to the first has a cylindrical surface (17). The bearing rotates and moves along the length of the rotating backing rollers. The developed shape of the roller bearing in contact with the honing tool lies in a plane parallel to the longitudinal axes of the backing rollers. The second backing roller need only be cylindrical irrespective of the shape of the bearing.

Honing tool, esp. for making engine block crankshaft bearings

Abstract: The tool has a shaft (6) for preparing a series of holes, and has a region for honing a larger dia. hole (2) at the beginning of the series. It also has at least one region (9) for honing the remaining holes in the series. The tool is engaged in at least one of the remaining holes during the preparation of the enlarged hole, and on completion it can be withdrawn through all the holes. It may have a guide zone (7) at its front, which may have an axial length at least equal to the distance between neighbouring holes.

Honing method and honing device

Abstract: PURPOSE:To unity the inclination of cross hatches, formed on the inner surface of a machined hole by making the rotating speed and axial moving speed of a honing head at the time of final finish-machining lower than each speed at the time of pre-stage machining before the final finish-machining. CONSTITUTION:A honing head 3 is rotated by rotating drive mechanism 29, formed of power transmission mechanism 21 and rotating motor 23, through a rod 19 and an expanding pressure cylinder 15. The honing head 3 is further moved vertically by vertical drive mechanism 31, formed of a vertical moving cylinder 25 and a piston 27, through the rod 19 and the expanding pressure cylinder 15 to grind the inner surface of a machined hole 1. At the time of final-machining, the rotating speed and axial moving speed (vertical moving speed) of the honing head 3 holding a grinding wheel 11 are respectively lowered by a control circuit 33 so as to stabilize the movement of the honing head 3. The inclination of cross hatches formed on the inner surface of the machined hole is thereby made uniform.

Honing tool and method for manufacturing same

Abstract: An improved honing tool including a holder having an open sided cavity located in one side thereof, a sidewall portion extending around at least a portion of the cavity, and one or more elongated filaments of a polymeric material having particles of an abrasive substance dispersed throughout, each of the one or more filaments having an end extending into the cavity, the one or more filament ends being heated sufficiently so as to be softened or melted to conform to the shape of the cavity and intimately engage the sidewall for retaining the one or more filament ends in the cavity. The method for manufacturing the present honing tool includes the steps of applying energy to the holder to heat the holder to a temperature sufficient to soften or melt the one or more filament ends while pressing the filament ends into the cavity so as to conform them to the shape thereof, the holder being preferably heated by induction.

Manufacture of engine block in which cylinder hole wall is coated

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To save a manufacturing expense of combining with a coating material surely and reducing a necessary material amount and improve an engine operation. SOLUTION: A metal engine block 10 is casted and a pollutant is removed from a cast cylinder bore wall 11 and a powder mixture containing a solid lubricant particles having a dry friction coefficient of 0.3% or less along with a plasma sprayed coating 12 are deposited on the surface and the coating is shaped concentrically around the true axis 14 of the cylinder bore wall and honed 16 up to the smoothness of final finishing. The exposure of a fresh metal surface is carried out by a grit (shot) blasting, electric discharge erosion, mechanical cutting of serration or plasma etching. Concentric shaping is carried out either by rough machining the cylinder bore wall and followed by deposition of the thinnest coating that requires only finish honing or by deposition of a thick coating followed by rough honing.

Honing machine for mfr. of gears

Abstract: The tools (23,23a) roll against the gear (27). They can differ from each other, being of different compositions of material for rough and fine honing. Their geometries can also be different, with different modules and engagement angles. Alternatively they can be identical, for the simultaneous finish-machining of two workpieces. The common holder (19) can be fixed to a drum rotating in a housing, and they can be spaced apart.

Honing tool for elliptical cylinder bore

Abstract: A honing tool for elliptical bores uses a unique rotary to linear to radial translation mechanism to translate the primary rotary motion of the drive shaft into axial motion of rods and sleeves within the drive shaft, which ultimately wedge the honing stones out, and pull them rigorously back in, in the desired elliptical pattern, with no loss of bore accuracy. A cam sleeve rotating with the drive shaft has undulating cam grooves that push and pull a pair of cam followers together and apart with every quarter turn. The cam followers shift a rod and sleeve up and down to wedge the honing stones in and out. The shape of the cam groove and the angle of the wedges are predetermined so as to create the proper elliptical pattern.

Diamond coated milling chip

Abstract: PURPOSE: To improve wearing resistance and loss resistance by forming a connection part between a main cutter edge and a chamfered corner cutter edge and a connection part between the chamfered corner cutter edge and a cleaning cutter edge so as to be respectively curved, providing round honing in the connection parts of these and coating the cutter tips with diamond films. CONSTITUTION: Parts 4 and 5 for connecting a main cutter edge 1 and a chamfered corner cutter edge 2, and the chamfered corner cutter edge 2 and a cleaning cutter edge 3 are respective formed to have curved shapes, and after round honing or chamfer honing is provided from the main cutter 1 to the cutting edge 6 of the chamfered corner 2, the cutter tips are coated with diamond films. In this case, the curved shapes between the cutters 1 and 2 and between the cutter 2 and the cleaning cutter 3 are preferably formed to have curvature radiuses of 0.2 to 0.8mm, and for work done from the main cutter 1 to the cutter edge 6, a vertical distance between a cleaned surface 7 and the upper end part of a cleared surface 8 is set to a range of 0.01 to 0.04mm.

Grinding and honing tool for fine machining of workpieces

Abstract: A tool for fine machining of workpieces has grinding elements (22) embedded in a plastic matrix (24), each element (22) comprising very hard grinding particles (26) in a binder (28). Pref. grinding elements (22) may be pieces produced from milling of preforms or used abrasive tools. The profile of the grinding elements (22) similar to that of the surface to be machined. Alternative grinding elements are formed by extrusion and hardening of bars. Bars are pref. of circular cross-section and may be either tightly packed together or spaced apart by the plastic matrix (24).

Composite casting cylinder or cylinder block

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cost effectively produce a composite casting cylinder or cylinder block made of high-performance aluminum silicon alloys by casting a cylinder liner made of a hypereutectic aluminum silicon alloy into the cylinder or cylinder block of a hypoeutetic aluminum silicon alloy. SOLUTION: The cylinder liner 2 made of the prescribed hypereutectic aluminum silicon alloy previously produced by centrifugal casting is cast and enveloped by a low-pressure die casting method into the cylinder block 1 made of the prescribed hypoeutetic aluminum silicon alloy. Enrichment of primary silicon grains occurs within an area reaching the prescribed radial depth of the cylinder liner 2. The cast and enveloped cylinder liner 2 is subjected to prehoning, intermediate honing and finish honing after preboring and precision boring. The aluminum silicon alloys coated and stained with the primary crystal silicon grains are removed and the crushed silicon grains are removed by such honing.

Honing method and device, and spindle structure of honing machine used in this method

Abstract: PURPOSE: To prevent the surface pressure of honing sticks from being lowered by imparting pressure, corresponding to reaction caused by the deformation of a return elastic body, to a fluid pressure cylinder in association with the increase of this deformation quantity caused by the increase of wear quantity of the honing sticks in a honing head. CONSTITUTION: When an operating fluid is supplied into the upper side pressure chamber 31U of a fluid pressure cylinder 31 to lower a piston 33 in order to insert a honing head 1 into the machined hole of a workpiece to perform honing work, an expansion rod 17 is pushed down through a piston rod 33R. As a result, a honing stick shoes 11 is moved outward in a radial direction, and each honing stick 9 is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the machined hole. When the moving quantity of the expansion rod 17 is increased in association with the wear of the honing sticks 9, the deformation quantity of a return elastic body 29 is increased. The deformation quantity of the elastic body 29 is detected by a linear scale 51 and a sensor 53. On the basis of the detected result, reaction is computed by a computing means 57, and the set pressure of a pressure control valve 49 is controlled.

Method of honing head grinding wheel formation, ground grinding wheel therewith and grinding wheel forming device

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve forming accuracy by giving good running-in against the inner periphery of a work processing hole to a new grinding wheel mounted on a honing head. SOLUTION: In conducting grinding work for grinding off the angular part of a new grinding wheel 3 used in a honing head, a grinding wheel 5 to be ground is used, which is provided with a cylinder inner surface 5H of the same shape as a work to be processed with the honing head 1. With the grinding wheel 3 pressed against the grinding wheel 5 to be ground by extendedly-moving it, the honing head 1 is rotated, and the grinding wheel 3 is brought into sliding contact with the cylinder inner surface 5H of the grinding wheel 5 to be ground.

Method and equipment for honing of cylinder block

Abstract: PURPOSE: To improve the accuracy in shape of a cylinder bore while the honing condition is kept in achieving the honing of the cylinder bore provided on a cylinder block. CONSTITUTION: In finishing a cylinder bore provided on a cylinder block of an engine by the honing operation, a back-up tool 20 to regulate the outward displacement of a wall part 4 on the cylinder bore side in the direction passing the center of the cylinder bore during the honing and orthogonal to the center line of the cylinder row is machined in the condition where the tool 20 is abutted on the outer side of the side wall part of the cylinder bore. The back-up tool 20 is abutted on the outer side approximately at the center part in the vertical direction of the side wall part of the cylinder bore during the honing, and in addition, the back-up tool is provided with a coolant feeding means 21 to cool the wall part on the cylinder bore side during the honing.