Showing papers on "Human capital published in 2021"
TL;DR: The outcomes of theoretical and empirical findings indicate that both linear and non-linear term for green growth reduces CO2 emissions, which supports the theoretical notion that green growth sustains environment quality.
349 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a U-shaped quadratic relationship between environmental pollution and income level has been determined for both CO2 emissions and ecological footprint, and the results also suggest that globalization, trade openness, and income drive environmental pollution while increasing human capital reduces the ecological footprint.
340 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the impact of fiscal decentralization on CO2 emissions by using a balanced panel dataset of seven OECD countries between 1990 and 2018, and explored the roles institutions and human capital play in the effect of decentralization.
306 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the linkage between natural resource, renewable energy, human capital, and ecological footprint (EF) in BRICS using a battery of advance econometric techniques.
190 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors examined the impact of technological innovation on green growth, in the presence of economic growth, globalization, research & development expenditures, and human capital, with a multivariate framework in China.
172 citations
TL;DR: This study argues for the development of human capital, a gradual transition to sustainable growth-driven and knowledge-based industries, and the introduction of sustainability practices in the natural resource sector to mitigate CO 2 emissions in LACCs.
Abstract: The world is increasingly getting urbanized and globalized, and the increase in natural resource exploration could have a far-reaching impact on environmental quality. Since most Latin American and Caribbean countries (LACCs) have proximity to the Amazon, they, therefore, rely heavily on agriculture and mining which develop via deforestation which could exacerbate the already increasing carbon dioxide emissions (CO2 emissions). Therefore, to the best of our knowledge, this study becomes the first to investigate the link between natural resources, globalization, urbanization, and environmental degradation in LACCs countries from 1990 to 2017 with advanced panel data econometric techniques. The unit root tests affirm all the variables to be stationary at first difference, and the Westerlund (Oxf Bull Econ Stat 69(6):709–748, 2007) cointegration test confirms the long-run relationship among the variables. The augmented mean group (AMG) and the common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) results affirm that the aforementioned variables add to CO2 emissions, while human capital mitigates it. Further findings reveal that human capital performs a moderating role in promoting urbanization sustainability. The country-specific results confirm that economic growth adds to emissions in all the countries, except in the Dominican Republic. A feedback causality exists between economic growth, globalization, urbanization, and CO2 emissions. This study argues for the development of human capital, a gradual transition to sustainable growth-driven and knowledge-based industries, and the introduction of sustainability practices in the natural resource sector to mitigate CO2 emissions in LACCs.
167 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the criticality of ICT, human capital (education and return on education), and globalization in environmental sustainability, controlling urbanization and economic growth in the Latin American and Caribbean (LCA) region, where economic growth and globalization have substantially increased over the past three decades.
150 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the impact of human capital efficiency (HCE) on equity funds' performance during three stages of the COVID-19 pandemic and found that the equity funds that were ranked higher in HCE outperformed their counterparts.
141 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the effect of financial development, human capital, and institutional quality on the ecological footprint in emerging countries and found that financial development degrades the ecological quality by raising the environmental footprint.
140 citations
01 Jun 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the effects of human capital, financial development, industrialization, technological progress, and international trade on the economic growth of the Next Eleven countries between 1990 and 2019.
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effects of natural resources, human capital, financial development, industrialization, technological progress, and international trade on the economic growth of the Next Eleven countries between 1990 and 2019. The novelty of this study lies in its approach to explore the indirect economic growth impacts of human capital development via the transmission channel of the natural resource utilization in these counties. The econometric methods involved are robust for accounting the cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity concerns in the data. The results authenticate the resource curse hypothesis since higher natural resources rent are found to inhibit economic growth of the Next Eleven nations. In contrast, human capital development, financial development, industrialization, technological innovation and international trade participation are found to synthesize economic growth. Besides, another interesting finding in this study shows that human capital and natural resources jointly exert positive impacts on economic growth. Hence, it can be said that human capital development assists to mitigate the resource curse impacts in the case of the Next Eleven countries. Therefore, these findings necessitate the pertinence of boosting investments in human capital development, enhancing the strength of the financial sector, expediting industrialization, facilitating technological innovation, and amplifying international trade volumes for achieving higher economic growth in the Next Eleven countries. More importantly, human capital development should be prioritized for transforming the curse of the natural resources into blessing for these nations.
138 citations
TL;DR: In the long and short-run human capital and economic growth has a positive link with ecological footprint whereas natural resources have a negative link with the ecological footprint, and the results of this study revealed the presence of the environmental Kuznets curve in Pakistan.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the impacts of economic growth, energy use, exports and human capital on the environmental quality of newly industrialised countries (NICs) over the period of 1979−2017.
TL;DR: In this article, a Productivity J-Curve model is proposed to explain the productivity slowdowns often accompanying the advent of general purpose technologies (GPTs), as well as the increase in productivity later.
Abstract: General purpose technologies (GPTs) such as AI enable and require significant complementary investments, including co-invention of new processes, products, business models and human capital. These complementary investments are often intangible and poorly measured in the national accounts, even when they create valuable assets for the firm. We develop a model that shows how this leads to an underestimation of productivity growth in the early years of a new GPT, and how later, when the benefits of intangible investments are harvested, productivity growth will be overestimated. Our model generates a Productivity J-Curve that can explain the productivity slowdowns often accompanying the advent of GPTs, as well as the increase in productivity later. We use our model to analyze empirically the historical roles of intangibles tied to R&D, software, and computer hardware. We find substantial and ongoing Productivity J-Curve effects for software in particular and computer hardware to a lesser extent. Our adjusted measure TFP is 11.3% higher than official measures at the end of 2004, and 15.9% higher than official measures at the end of 2017. We then assess how AI-related intangible capital may be currently affecting measured productivity and find the effects are small but growing.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors combine linear and non-linear models with threshold regressions and second-generation cointegration techniques, FMOLS, and causality to show that the human capital index and globalization are the last hope to promote a more sustainable energy matrix in developed countries.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of agriculture value-added, pesticide use, renewable energy adoption, human capital, and economic growth on greenhouse gas emissions in the countries of The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC).
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the effect of ICT and human capital on carbon emissions in the ASEAN economies from 1996 to 2019 using panel estimators and found that ICT consistently reduces carbon emissions; meanwhile, human capital decreases carbon emissions for manufacturing and other industries.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between tourism specialization economic growth and human development in a transition economy and proffered a conceptual link between tourist specialization and human-development through a division of labor framework.
TL;DR: In this article, a new conceptual framework was proposed to explore globalization's moderating role on exoplanetary variables (financial development, energy consumption, human capital, and gross domestic product) and CO2 emission.
Abstract: The policy debate on the financial development and dynamic of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission is topical. Globalization can affect this relationship by making financial investments in green energy and environment-friendly technology, as environmental sustainability is the primary concern for modern society. This study proposes a newly formulated conceptual framework to explore globalization's moderating role on exoplanetary variables (financial development, energy consumption, human capital, and gross domestic product) and CO2 emission. We employed Fixed Effect Ordinary Least Squares (FE-OLS), Driscoll-Kraay standard error approach (D-K), and Dumitrescu and Hurlin's (2012) panel causality test. Our sample of the study comprised full and subsamples of G20 countries (excluding the European Union) from 1986 to 2018. The results indicated that financial development and human capital decreased carbon emissions, while GDP and energy consumption substantially increased carbon emissions during the study time. Further, globalization moderated the positive impact of financial development and human development on carbon emissions. A sustainable environmental agenda is achieved by a stronger financial system, encouraging green finance, and including technical education that improves production efficiency. However, globalization moderated the negative impact of energy consumption and GDP on carbon emission. Besides, we also reported the bidirectional causal relationship of GDP to energy consumption. Our empirical research provides new insights for policymakers and governments to formulate country-based policies to protect environmental quality while achieving sustainable economic goals.
TL;DR: It is concluded that investment in more renewable energy generation and its consumption and efficient use of human capital will improve economic complexity, export quality, and environment in developed and developing countries.
Abstract: The current decade has witnessed the rise of empirical research in the domain of ecological footprint which has become a major scholarly area among environmental researchers. However, many key factors determining ecological footprint have been inadequately dealt within the existing body of knowledge. The current research aims to explore the association between economic complexity, human capital, renewable energy generation, urbanization, economic growth, export quality, trade and ecological footprint for the top ten economic complex countries. This study applied panel data estimators, for instance, fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) and the system-GMM long-run estimators from 1980 to 2017. The long-run estimates reveal that economic complexity, economic growth, export quality, trade and urbanization increase ecological footprint. Human capital and renewable energy generation help to mitigate ecological footprint. We conclude that investment in more renewable energy generation and its consumption and efficient use of human capital will improve economic complexity, export quality, and environment in developed and developing countries.
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of financial development along with output, financial risk index, renewable energy electricity and human capital on carbon emissions was examined, and the negative association between financial development and carbon emissions supported the positive school of thoughts of financial developing that promotes a sustainable environment.
TL;DR: How past crises can inform the approach to COVID-19 is discussed, helping tell us what to look for, what to prepare for, and what data the authors ought to collect now.
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors examined a conceptual model that incorporates the effects of green human capital and management environment concern, and found that GHRM can positively influence green innovation, and Green human capital mediated the link between GHRm and green innovation.
Abstract: Green human resource management (GHRM) is critical to enhancing the ability of the companies' green innovation, but this link is rarely explored or empirically tested in the literature. Drawing upon human capital theory, the study examines a conceptual model that incorporates the effects of green human capital and management environment concern.,Data were collected from 143 firms in China, and the regression analysis and bootstrapping test were used to assess the hypothesis.,Our findings indicate that GHRM can positively influence green innovation, and green human capital mediated the link between GHRM and green innovation. In addition, management environment concern moderates the effect of GHRM on green human capital. The results further explore that the indirect effect of GHRM on green innovation through green human capital is significant for the firms with a high management environment concern, but not for this relationship with a low management environment concern.,The findings further extend the scope of GHRM research, and theoretical and practical implications of GHRM are presented to enhance environment sustainability.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the influence of economic growth, natural resources, human capital, and financial development on the ecological footprint in China via adopting the novel dynamic simulated ARDL approach by utilizing the data from 1985 to 2018.
Abstract: On the economic side, China has attained rapid development; yet, the ecological aspects pose threats to its sustainable development. The nexus between economic growth, natural resources, human capital, and financial development has an important inference for the environment, and therefore, this endeavor examines the influence of said variables on the ecological footprint in China via adopting the novel dynamic simulated ARDL approach by utilizing the data from 1985 to 2018. The outcomes of the analysis confirm that natural resources and financial development have a considerable positive short- and long-run relation with the ecological footprint. Besides, this depicts that natural resources and financial development lead to an upsurge in ecological footprint in China. Furthermore, human capital also upsurges the negative influence on the environment. Economic growth also upsurges the ecological footprint; however, the outcomes also yielded an interesting insight lending credence to the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve in China. So, it is important to offer awareness sessions to the community as well as to human resources working in different sectors regarding the significance of sustainability by giving training related to the reduction of the excessive consumption of scarce resources. Moreover, a watchful deliberation must be given while implementing strategies about sustainability concerning the specified factors and their potential impact on ecological footprints so that the targets of Sustainable Development Goals 7, 8, and 13 could be accomplished by the Chinese economy.
TL;DR: In this article, firm-specific incentives (i.e., worker incentives that provide more utility to workers in the focal firm than similar incentives available at other employers) provide an important pathway to competitive advantages.
Abstract: Research Summary Scholars have long recognized the theoretical and practical implications of firm‐specific human capital. However, we highlight that firm‐specific incentives (i.e., worker incentives that provide more utility to workers in the focal firm than similar incentives available at other employers) provide an important pathway to competitive advantages that has not been comprehensively examined in the extant organizational research. We address this gap by (a) defining firm‐specific incentives and showing why they are different from incentive conceptualizations and typologies in the extant literature, (b) articulating potential origins of firm‐specific incentives, and (c) formally proposing the conditions under which firm‐specific incentives facilitate human capital‐based competitive advantages. In so doing, we develop a cohesive theoretical framework of incentive‐based competitive advantage that integrates across multiple literatures. Managerial Summary Just as companies differentiate their products by creating unique value for customers, they also create unique value for their employees. Some companies do this by offering employee incentives, perks, and benefits that are highly unique to the company and difficult for other companies to imitate. These unique incentives, perks, and benefits can help these companies to attract, motivate, and retain top talent at a financial discount and, accordingly, can help these companies realize competitive advantages over their rivals.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors empirically assess the impact of education on energy poverty through the lens of human capital theory and find that education has a negative impact on the energy poverty.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the effect of access to electricity and clean energy on human development in 79 energy-poor countries from South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and Caribbean-Latin America for the period 1990-2018.
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors introduced the concept of innovative human capital by developing a new index that measures human capital based on the number of patents every one million R&D staff full-time equivalent.
Abstract: To study the economic and environmental effects of human capital, previous studies measure human capital based on education; however, this approach has many shortcomings because not all educated people are innovative human capital. Hence, this study introduces the concept of innovative human capital by developing a new index that measures human capital based on the number of patents every one million R&D staff full-time equivalent. After this, this paper studies the impact of innovative human capital on CO2 emissions in China. The provincial panel data of 30 Chinese provinces from 2003 to 2017 is analyzed using the fixed effect, ordinary least squares, and the system generalized method of moments (SYS-GMM). The analysis revealed that innovative human capital alleviates environmental deterioration in China. The findings unfold the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) considering innovative human capital in the model. It implies that Chinese economic development will eventually support environmental sustainability if China continues to develop its innovative human capital. Among the control variables, economic structure, population density, and energy intensity stimulate environmental degradation by increasing CO2 emissions. However, FDI has a negative relationship with CO2 emissions. Lastly, the study proposes comprehensive policies to increase innovative human capital for environmental sustainability.
TL;DR: Based on China's provincial panel data from 2007 to 2019, the authors proposes the importance of energy innovation, uses the system GMM model to verify the impact of energy innovations on the resource curse effect, and supplements and improves the existing research.
TL;DR: Evidence that the desire to gain human capital is an important motive for corporate acquisitions is presented and the staggered recognition of the Inevitable Disclosure Doctrine (IDD) is exploited.
Abstract: We present evidence that the desire to gain human capital is an important motive for corporate acquisitions. Our tests exploit the staggered recognition of the Inevitable Disclosure Doctrine (IDD) ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the impact of intellectual capital (IC) on supply chain resilience directly and through supply chain learning, and found that firms with a higher level of IC perform better in terms of their supply-chain resilience compared to those with lower levels of IC.
Abstract: Purpose: The main objective of this study is to test whether firms with a higher level of intellectual capital (IC) perform better in terms of their supply chain resilience compared to those with lower levels of IC Likewise, the study also examines the impact of IC (characterized by human capital, relational capital and structural capital) on supply chain resilience directly and through supply chain learning Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from the 159 processed-food sector firms using a close-ended questionnaire during the corona virus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), partial least squares multigroup analysis (PLS-MGA) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to test a set of hypotheses emanating from a conceptual model of IC and supply chain resilience Findings: Empirical results revealed a significant influence of all dimension of IC on a firm's supply chain learning and supply chain resilience Likewise, findings also exhibit a momentous role of supply chain learning in reinforcing the impact of IC on supply chain resilience Cross-firm size comparison reveals that supply chain resilience of firms with a higher level of IC performed significantly better than those with lower levels of IC Firms with a higher level of structural capital had a highly resilient supply chain Practical implications: Findings of the study imply that IC and supply chain learning should be considered as a strategic tool and should be strategically developed for uplifting a supply chain performance of a firm The development of IC and supply chain learning (SCL) not only improves the supply chain resilience of a firm but also can help to integrate the internal and external knowledge for harnessing supply chain resilience Originality/value: This research study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic which provides a unique setting to examine resiliency and learning © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited