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Showing papers on "Hydraulic machinery published in 1972"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the surge wave in the tunnel is described after Meyer-Peter and Favre, and an experimental study is presented which describes the phenomena and gives verification to the numerical mode.
Abstract: Transients may arise in a hydraulic system such that flow conditions may alternate between free surface and submerged or pressurized behavior. Analytical considerations begin with the open-channel surge equations, and the resulting method-of-characteristics solution. The surge wave in the tunnel is described after Meyer-Peter and Favre. At the free-surface, pressurized interface, a method of solution similar to the movement of a hydraulic bore is arrived at. An experimental study is presented which describes the phenomena and gives verification to the numerical mode. As an application the Wettingen system is analyzed and shown to agree favorably with earlier results.

94 citations


Patent
24 Apr 1972
TL;DR: A tube pulling device for gripping and removing a tube, or tube end from a plate or tube sheet of a heat exchanger or the like, wherein a pair of pistons are arranged so as to coact with each other for movement in response to hydraulic fluid pressure for initially engaging a tube gripping means in the bore of the tube to be pulled and for thereafter exerting a pulling force on the tube relative to the plate and tube sheet in which the end of a tube is secured as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A tube pulling device for gripping and removing a tube, or tube end from a plate or tube sheet of a heat exchanger or the like, wherein a pair of pistons are arranged so as to coact with each other for movement in response to hydraulic fluid pressure for initially engaging a tube gripping means in the bore of the tube to be pulled and for thereafter exerting a pulling force on the tube relative to the plate or tube sheet in which the end of the tube is secured. The pistons are controlled without the use of one-way valves inside of the device and with the full hydraulic force applied to the pistons successively as required. The hydraulic fluid is supplied to the pistons from an external hydraulic system which is controlled by an air stream having a control at the device for manipulation by the operator.

34 citations


Patent
17 Jul 1972
TL;DR: In this article, a hydraulic power system having a plurality of variable displacement pumps for supplying pressurized fluid for manipulation of an implement, and control means operative to automatically adjust pump displacement to the output horsepower of a prime mover driving the pumps of the system.
Abstract: There is disclosed a hydraulic power system having a plurality of variable displacement pumps for supplying pressurized fluid for manipulation of an implement, and control means operative to automatically adjust pump displacement to the output horsepower of a prime mover driving the pumps of the system. The control system includes a first valve means responsive to the speed of the prime mover to transmit a fluid pressure signal to servo-control means for adjusting the displacement of the pumps. Second valve means is responsive to the output pressure of the variable displacement pumps for overriding the speed responsive means during transient overload conditions.

32 citations


Patent
24 Apr 1972
TL;DR: An improved building system for structural uses which employs high strength tubular elements to reduce the size, weight and extent of the structure required is presented in this article, where tubular structural members with hollow cores filled with suitable hydraulic fluid and arranged to translate and distribute a sizeable portion of otherwise axial and lateral loads into an axial pre-stress in the thin walled tubular members which are arranged as steel columns or acts also as vertical bars in composite concrete columns or as secondary support (tension) or cross brace members.
Abstract: An improved building system for structural uses which employs high strength tubular elements to reduce the size, weight and extent of the structure required. The present invention utilizes tubular structural members with hollow cores filled with suitable hydraulic fluid and arranged to translate and distribute a sizeable portion of otherwise axial and lateral loads into an axial pre-stress in the thin walled tubular members which are arranged as steel columns or acts also as vertical bars in composite concrete columns or as secondary support (tension) or cross brace members. The primary columns of the building are tubular hollow members which are placed in tension through circumferential stress by means of a hydraulic system. The secondary floor support members suspended from the primary column support one or more floors by hydraulic means. Pressure equilibrium of the fluid within the column is achieved between the tubular primary and secondary support elements of the building. Other structural elements such as cross-bracing, are coupled to the hydraulic system and are used to restrain the column end conditions of the slender tubular columns. The present invention provides an improved means for constructing pressurized columns by utilizing an energized column with circulating fluid under pressure. Means are also provided in the present invention for eliminating the problem of fluid leakage within the hydraulic support members. The building system of the present invention also provides means for improving cable rod and long span structures for low rise buildings absorbing lateral and vertical shocks and displacements at the base of the support columns of conventional and hydraulic structures due to earthquakes.

31 citations


Patent
02 May 1972
TL;DR: In this article, the vehicle hydraulic system comprises a pump, an accumulator adapted to energize a closed-centre power brake booster, and a open-centred power steering mechanism.
Abstract: The vehicle hydraulic system comprises a pump, an accumulator adapted to energize a closed-centre power brake booster, and a open-centre power steering mechanism, the supply line of the power steering mechanism including a throttle in parallel relationship with a control valve. The valve member of the said control valve is actuated by a stepped piston responsive to the fluid pressures in the accumulator and in the supply line downstream said throttle, both pressures acting against a spring, thereby insuring a minimum level of pressure in the accumulator.

22 citations


Patent
09 Feb 1972
TL;DR: In this article, the master cylinder of a booster-operated master cylinder assembly is adapted to supply fluid under pressure to a first hydraulic actuator of a wheel brake, and a source of hydraulic fluid underpressure is connected to a second hydraulic actuators of the same or a different wheel brake through a normally closed connection in the assembly, which is opened upon operation of the booster whereby fluid from the source hydraulic fluid is supplied to the second hydraulic actuator.
Abstract: In an hydraulic braking system for vehicles the master cylinder of a booster-operated master cylinder assembly is adapted to supply fluid under pressure to a first hydraulic actuator of a wheel brake, and a source of hydraulic fluid under pressure is connected to a second hydraulic actuator of the same or a different wheel brake through a normally closed connection in the assembly which is opened upon operation of the booster whereby fluid under pressure from the source of hydraulic fluid is supplied to the second hydraulic actuator.

19 citations


Patent
Kurling Lennart1
20 Dec 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, a hydraulic system for trimming and tilting outboard drives for boats is described, which comprises a pump adapted to deliver fluid pressure to a double acting cylinder-piston assembly, which is connected to the tiltable outboard drive unit and to a stationary part of the boat.
Abstract: A hydraulic system for trimming and tilting outboard drives for boats. The system comprises a pump adapted to deliver fluid pressure to a double acting cylinder-piston assembly, which is connected to the tiltable outboard drive unit and to a stationary part of the boat. A valve selects between two modes of operation of the cylinder. In one mode the chambers of the cylinder are interconnected to provide rapid tilt operation. In the other mode, one chamber is connected to the pump and the other is connected to the fluid sump to provide relatively less rapid trimming with greater force.

17 citations


Patent
06 Apr 1972
TL;DR: In this article, the body of an excavator is divided into two separate compartments, the prime mover engine and the hydraulic system pumps directly associated with therewith, and a transverse fire wall separates the two compartments in the body.
Abstract: The body of an hydraulic excavator is divided into two separate compartments. The first and rearward compartment contains the prime mover engine with the hydraulic system pumps directly associated therewith. Air is drawn through one side inlet in the body across an hydraulic system heat exchanger and the engine coolant radiator by means of a fan mounted therebehind, and from thence across the engine and associated hydraulic pumping mechanisms. The air in this after compartment is thereafter exhausted through vents in the roof, the opposite side wall and the floor portions of the body. In a second compartment forward of the engine compartment is situated the hydraulic system fluid reservoir, valving and other hydraulic circuitry for the excavator vehicle. Openings in at least one side wall of the body, the roof and floor portions thereof permit air to circulate freely over these hydraulic components of the vehicle. A transverse fire wall separates the two compartments in the body and further serves to isolate engine and pump noise from the operator''s station located in a cab portion at the front lefthand side of the body.

17 citations


Patent
27 Oct 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, an auxiliary power system in conjunction with a main hydraulic power system is used to assure braking and steering control under emergency conditions where the main HAP system fails, in order to assure steering and braking control.
Abstract: An auxiliary power system in conjunction with a main hydraulic power system to assure braking and steering control under emergency conditions where the main hydraulic power system fails.

16 citations


Patent
Parquet Donald James1
20 Apr 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, a hydraulic system in which a motor is operated by a variable displacement pump in which displacement is regulated by a control valve which is sensitive to the pressure at the hydraulic motor to maintain the pump outlet pressure higher than the motor pressure.
Abstract: A hydraulic system in which a motor is operated by a variable displacement pump in which displacement is regulated by a control valve which is sensitive to the pressure at the hydraulic motor to maintain the pump outlet pressure higher than the motor pressure. A valve in the pilot line between the motor and control valve is responsive to a predetermined movement of the motor to block fluid communication between the motor and control valve so that when the motor reaches a predetermined position, the pressure in the system is reduced.

15 citations


Patent
K Moriguti1, N Yokoi1, Y Yamaguchi1
11 May 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, a servomotor is selectively driven by a signal from a frequency detector, which generates a signal proportional to the rotary speed of the runner, or by signal generating means that provides a signal independently of the speed of rotation.
Abstract: An operating apparatus for the guide vanes of fluid, preferably hydraulic, kinetic energy machines, particularly turbines or the like, employs a servomotor (including a servo valve) to operate each of a plurality of guide vanes controlling the supply of motive fluid to the wheel or runner of the machine. Each of the servomotors is selectively driven by a signal from a frequency detector, which generates a signal proportional to the rotary speed of the runner, or by a signal from a signal generating means that provides a signal independently of the speed of rotation. The movement of each guide vane is fed back as an electric signal by a potentiometer having its resistance varied according to the opening degree of the guide vane associated therewith, which feedback signal will detect the presence of foreign matter interrupting the normal movement of a guide vane, which will be present as a detecting voltage of servomotor operating or driving the particular vane.

Patent
07 Dec 1972
TL;DR: In this article, a hydraulic valve gear includes a rocker arm and support structure and lubrication for oscillating motion in the plane defined by the axes of the valve stem and hydraulic valve lifter, which permits the use of a simple, reliable and inexpensive lubrication system for the valve gear.
Abstract: A hydraulic valve gear includes a novel rocker arm and support structure and lubrication means therefor The rocker arm is mounted for oscillating motion in the plane defined by the axes of the valve stem and hydraulic valve lifter only, which permits the use of a simple, reliable and inexpensive lubrication system for the valve gear

Patent
26 Jun 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, a filter for a hydraulic system which filter is mounted within the reservoir containing the hydraulic fluid supply is characterized by a filter condition sensing and indicating means that senses only that pressure build-up within the filter element which is caused by clogging of the porous walls of the element.
Abstract: A filter for a hydraulic system which filter is mounted within the reservoir containing the hydraulic fluid supply. The filter comprises a yieldably mounted cylinder element that is normally biased towards a closed filtering position, said filter element being adapted to yield to an open position at such times as porous side walls of the filter element become clogged to the extent that a predetermined back pressure is imposed by the filter element on the flow passing therethrough. The apparatus is further characterized by a filter condition sensing and indicating means that senses only that pressure build-up within the filter element which is caused by clogging of the porous walls of the element. Hence, false condition indications due to flow surges inherent in filtered systems are eliminated.

Patent
04 Feb 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, an approach for laying or recovering a submarine cable in which the cable is fed to or from a storage device by a pair of drive pulleys intermediate the storage device and a pulley for guiding the cable into the water, such pulleys rotating in planes at an angle to each other.
Abstract: Apparatus for laying or recovering a submarine cable in which the cable is fed to or from a storage device by a pair of drive pulleys intermediate the storage device and a pulley for guiding the cable into the water, such pulleys rotating in planes at an angle to each other, having braking and hydraulic motor units for braking or driving them and being mounted on a frame permitted slight oscillating movement in the direction of the cable laying. Pressure wheels maintain the cable in the driving pulley races, and the cable extends from the storage device to and part way around the drive pulley farther from the storage device, then to and part way around the other drive pulley and then to the guide pulley. The braking units are water cooled and air operated and a hydraulic system controls the hydraulic motors. A dynamometer measures the pulley supporting frame movement, and instrumentation for indicating cable tension, speed and movement and braking pressure is included.

Patent
Arthur G Short1
14 Feb 1972
TL;DR: In this article, a hydraulic system in a material handling device is described in which a movable member is rotated about a pivot point, by a pair of hydraulic motors reversibly operable in response to the selective application of hydraulic pressure thereto.
Abstract: A hydraulic system in a material handling device in which a movable member is rotated about a pivot point, by a pair of hydraulic motors reversibly operable in response to the selective application of hydraulic pressure thereto. The hydraulic pressure for operating the hydraulic motors is connected thereto through a hydraulic switching valve responsive to the position of said movable member where one hydraulic motor would normally oppose further rotation of the movable member to modify the hydraulic connections to that hydraulic motor in response to said member reaching that position whereby further rotation of the movable member is effected without opposition from the hydraulic motor.

Patent
10 Feb 1972
TL;DR: In this article, a hydraulic brake booster is disclosed which provides a power assist to the vehicle operator when the operator applies the vehicle''s brakes, and a back-up fluid supply is provided which is stored in a conventional fluid pressure accumulator.
Abstract: A hydraulic brake booster is disclosed which provides a power assist to the vehicle operator when the operator applies the vehicle''s brakes. The brake booster includes a first valve which restricts flow of fluid through the vehicle''s hydraulic system to develop back pressure in the latter, thereby providing a source of fluid pressure which is used to operate the booster. A back-up fluid supply is provided which is stored in a conventional fluid pressure accumulator. A second valve within the booster housing is actuated when a malfunction prevents normal development of fluid pressure in the booster. When this occurs, the second valve is opened to communicate the high pressure fluid stored in the accumulator into the booster to provide the power assist. A charging valve is also provided in the vehicle''s hydraulic system which is adapted to develop back pressure in the latter to communicate at least a portion of the fluid flowing through the system into the accumulator to charge the latter when the hydraulic system functions normally.

Patent
12 Oct 1972
TL;DR: An improved hay harvester, stacker and transporter employing a simplified hydraulic system in which the components thereof will be operated in a desired sequence through the operation of a single control handle or valve is described in this paper.
Abstract: An improved hay harvester, stacker and transporter employing a simplified hydraulic system in which the components thereof will be operated in a desired sequence through the operation of a single control handle or valve.

Patent
23 Aug 1972
TL;DR: A variable pitch propeller has a pair of fixed pistons in the hub thereof, and a cylinder hydraulically movable on these fixed piston and connected to the blades to vary the pitch of the blades.
Abstract: A variable-pitch propeller has a pair of fixed pistons in the hub thereof, and a cylinder hydraulically movable on these fixed pistons and connected to the blades to vary the pitch of the blades. One of the fixed pistons is hollow and contains an auxiliary piston movable under the influence of a separate hydraulic system into engagement with the cylinder so that if the first hydraulic system fails, the auxiliary system can at least get the ship to port. The auxiliary hydraulic system can include a separate passage through the propeller shaft, or a branch from the lubricant passage through the propeller shaft.

Patent
D Wiggins1
22 May 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, a shutoff valve mechanism is placed in a hydraulic system line extending between a source of hydraulic fluid under pressure and a utilizing apparatus such as a subsystem or a hydraulic actuator.
Abstract: A shutoff valve mechanism is placed in a hydraulic system line extending between a source of hydraulic fluid under pressure and a utilizing apparatus such as a subsystem or a hydraulic actuator. Variable orifices disposed in the source and return flow paths produce pressure drops which vary linearly proportional with flow rate. The pressure drops are compared and in the event of a predetermined difference therebetween, the shutoff valve is actuated to isolate system pressure.

Patent
22 Feb 1972
TL;DR: In this article, a hydraulic propulsion system was used to propel and steer the front wheel of a harvesting vehicle under the control of a driver, using a foot-pedal operated steering mechanism.
Abstract: A hydraulic propulsion system utilized to propel and steer the front wheel of a harvesting vehicle under the control of a driver. The hydraulic system includes a manually operable forward-reverse-speed control mechanism, for selectively controlling a hydraulic motor which is operatively connected with the front wheel, as well as a foot-pedal operated steering mechanism whereby the driver can effectively control the propulsion of the vehicle and, at the same time, assist with the harvesting operation.

Patent
18 Dec 1972
TL;DR: A pressure modulator for a hydraulic valve to modulate the pressure of the hydraulic fluid supplied to two clutches as the transmission of power is transferred from one clutch to another is described in this paper.
Abstract: A pressure modulator for a hydraulic valve to modulate the pressure of the hydraulic fluid supplied to two clutches as the transmission of power is transferred from one clutch to another.

Patent
29 Mar 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, a three-wheel all-wheel hydraulic drive tractor with a single wheel steerable and all wheels tilt about a longitudinal axis for maintaining the stability of the tractor is described.
Abstract: A three wheel all wheel hydraulic drive tractor in which the single wheel is steerable and all wheels tilt about a longitudinal axis for maintaining the stability of the tractor. A bulldozer blade and a grader blade are each fixed to the tractor for vertical and tilting adjustment as well as transverse tilting adjustment. All adjustments are hydraulically made and an internal combustion engine drives a hydraulic pump to power the adjusting cylinders and the hydraulic power motors. The power motors are mounted within each of the wheels within the rim thereof.

Patent
11 May 1972
TL;DR: In this article, a hydraulic control system for hydraulically driven nuclear reactor control rods is described, where a plurality of control rods are grouped together and exit through a nozzle in the reactor vessel head.
Abstract: A hydraulic control system for hydraulically driven nuclear reactor control rods is described. Hydraulic lines from a plurality of control rods are grouped together and exit through a nozzle in the reactor vessel head. Each hydraulic line is connected to a separate valve and these valves are connected to a common return line. The common return line extends back down through the nozzle and into the reactor vessel. A plurality of these common return lines are connected to a manifold which is connected to a line which exits the reactor vessel through another nozzle in the reactor vessel head. These exit lines are connected to a lift pump which provides the differential pressure for raising the control rods. Differential pressure transducers are also included which provide a means for indicating control rod position. Disconnects are provided so that the reactor vessel head may be readily removable and so that valve and transducer coils may be readily replaced.

Patent
02 Mar 1972
TL;DR: A heat exchange unit to maintain the temperature of an aqueous non-toxic and non-flammable hydraulic fluid supplied from a reservoir to enclosed hydraulic systems of machinery used in confined areas, such as mines and the like, within a desired temperature range is described in this paper.
Abstract: A heat exchange unit to maintain the temperature of an aqueous non-toxic and non-flammable hydraulic fluid supplied from a reservoir to enclosed hydraulic systems of machinery used in confined areas, such as mines and the like, within a desired temperature range.

Patent
27 Mar 1972
TL;DR: An emergency hydraulic power supply for an aircraft or the like, including a hydraulic pump arranged to be driven by a turbine in turn driven by hot gas from a decomposition chamber, is described in this article.
Abstract: An emergency hydraulic power supply for an aircraft or the like, including a hydraulic pump arranged to be driven by a turbine in turn driven by hot gas from a decomposition chamber, a fuel pump driven by the turbine for supplying fuel to the decomposition chamber, primary flow control valve means in the pump outlet for controlling fuel flow responsive to turbine speed, an ignition chamber communicable with the decomposition chamber and having a start grain for initiating turbine operation to start the fuel pump, a secondary control valve in the pump outlet, and control means for sensing turbine speed and opening the secondary valve when the turbine attains a speed indicating the start grain has about burned out, and closing the secondary valve in the event that the turbine attains a speed indicating the primary flow control valve means is inoperative to control turbine speed.

Patent
R Hendrickson1
10 Feb 1972
TL;DR: In this article, a hydraulic brake system for a towing vehicle and a trailer is described, where a hydraulic power boost device has a chamber connected to a pump via valve means, the latter controlling the chamber pressure which acts on one end of a piston which is drivable connected to the vehicle master cylinder piston.
Abstract: A hydraulic brake system for a towing vehicle and a trailer. The towing vehicle brakes are operated by a hydraulic power boost device having a chamber connected to a pump via valve means, the latter of which controls the chamber pressure which acts on one end of a piston which is drivably connected to the vehicle master cylinder piston. A hydraulic slave actuator is connected in hydraulic communication with the chamber and includes a pressure responsive plunger drivably connected to the trailer master cylinder piston for operating the trailer brakes.

Patent
02 Mar 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, a hydraulic follow-up for use with a hydraulic system placed between a rotating input member and a rotating output member is described, where the hydraulic pump is angularly shifted with respect to the input member, the shifting is controlled by the hydraulic followup, which also shifts the motor in relation to the output member.
Abstract: A hydraulic follow-up for use with a hydraulic system placed between a rotating input member and a rotating output member. The hydraulic system is a hydrostatic transmission for driving a tractor, and comprises a hydrostatic pump and a hydrostatic motor driven by the pump. When the hydrostatic pump is angularly shifted with respect to the input member, the shifting is controlled by the hydraulic follow-up, which also shifts the motor in relation to the output member.

Patent
11 Dec 1972
TL;DR: In this article, a rotary drive engine with a hydraulic system of energy conversion is described, where the hydraulic working chambers communicate with each other and can exhaust high pressure fluid through a control valve structure for drive power.
Abstract: An illustrative system is disclosed for use as a rotary-drive engine, utilizing combustible fuel and a hydraulic system of energy conversion. An engine block defines a pair of expansion cylinders (combustion chambers) and an associated concentric pair of hydraulic chambers. The chambers matingly receive unitary piston structures for phase-opposed reciprocal movement. The hydraulic working chambers communicate with each other and can exhaust high pressure fluid through a control valve structure for drive power. Exhausted fluid is replaced in volume by low-pressure spent fluid. The body of the fluid contained in the hydraulic working chambers along with the piston means and springs connected to the engine block define an oscillatory system which is resonant at the operating frequency. That consideration, along with the absence of lateral loads on the pistons, results in relatively high efficiency. In the system, as disclosed, fluid under pressure is delivered from the hydraulic working chambers through a control valve to actuate a turbine in accordance with the immediate power demand. The supply and combustion of the fuel to provide power strokes is controlled in accordance with power demand and is synchronized with the current displacement of the piston means at the frequency of mechanical resonance. Thus, a reciprocating expansion motive system, e.g. internal combustion engine, is disclosed with low energy losses from inertial and lateral forces due to maintaining mechanical resonance which results in improved efficiency as for converting fuel into hydraulic energy. As disclosed herein, the hydraulic energy is employed to drive a turbine.

Patent
07 Dec 1972
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a method for comminuting a tree stump in its entirety while still rooted in the ground, utilizing a large, heavy cylindrical roller or drum rotating at high speed and having cutters mounted on a peripherical surface thereof for engaging the stump from the side thereof.
Abstract: Method and apparatus for comminuting a tree stump in its entirety while still rooted in the ground, utilizing a large, heavy cylindrical roller or drum rotating at high speed and having cutters mounted on a peripherical surface thereof for engaging and comminuting the stump from the side thereof. The roller is journaled for rotation about a horizontal axis in a carrier attached to the front end of a heavy four-wheel vehicle which is driven hydraulically over the ground surface from a selfcontained power source such as an internal combustion engine. The hydraulic system which drives the vehicle also includes a hydraulic motor mounted on the carrier for rotating the roller. The roller, through the carrier, is mounted to the vehicle frame for swinging movement in a vertical plane relative to the ground and a hydraulic cylinder included in the hydraulic circuit is provided for effecting said vertical swinging movement. controls for operating the cutting roller and the vehicle are provided in an operator''s cab on the vehicle.

Patent
D Shore1
07 Aug 1972
TL;DR: In this article, a pilot valve connected to an intermediate region of a cylinder of a hydraulic power unit regulates a dump-hold-rack back or roll back valve for the power unit.
Abstract: Hydraulic means operating in conjunction with an hydraulic power unit for automatically stopping in an intermediate position a device whose position is controlled by the hydraulic power unit. A digging bucket is automatically stopped at a digging position intermediate to dumping and breakout positions with respect to a boom arm. A pilot valve connected to an intermediate region of a cylinder of the hydraulic power unit regulates a dump-hold-rack back or roll back valve for the power unit.