Showing papers on "Hydraulic retention time published in 2012"
TL;DR: In this paper, the membrane separation capacity of a membrane bioreactor allows the retention of most microbial cells in the reactor to maintain a high biomass concentration, resulting in an efficient biological digestion system.
365 citations
TL;DR: Results proved that the food waste used in this study was deficient in trace elements, and it was shown that iron was essential for maintaining stable methane production.
237 citations
TL;DR: High biodegradation efficiencies of different emerging micropollutants were obtained with nitrifying activated sludge (NAS) working at high nitrogen loading rates (NLR), that boosted the development of biomass with high nitrifier activities.
232 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of membrane bioreactor (MBR) in treating high strength industrial wastewater is reviewed and the operation, constraints and mitigation of the system in general views.
217 citations
TL;DR: The results presented in this paper showed that anammox bacteria can be applied for autotrophic nitrogen removal from the water line at a municipal waste water treatment plant.
200 citations
TL;DR: This work indicated that the hydrolysis of the algae cells is limiting the anaerobic processing of intensively grown S. obliquus and P. tricornutum biomass.
179 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a novel strategy for enhancing anaerobic wastewater treatment via dosing Fe powder (40 grams) in an acidogenic reactor (2L) is described, and the results showed that the hydrolysis/fermentation was accelerated by Fe dosing.
177 citations
TL;DR: A newly isolated facultative heterotrophic freshwater microalgae strain, Auxenochlorella protothecoides UMN280, was examined for algal growth, wastewater nutrient removal efficiency, and lipid accumulation in batch and semi-continuous cultivation with various hydraulic retention time using concentrated municipal wastewater (CMW) as cultivation media as mentioned in this paper.
168 citations
TL;DR: A laboratory-scale staged anaerobic fluidized membrane bioreactor (SAF-MBR) system was used to treat a municipal wastewater primary-clarifier effluent and near complete removal of suspended solids was obtained.
165 citations
TL;DR: The seasonal average content of emerging contaminants in the river water next to the water reclamation plant is found to be higher than the content in the final reclaimed water, suggesting that the chemical quality of the reclaimed water is better than available surface waters.
137 citations
TL;DR: The result of this study show that co-digestion of a high volume of whey is possible without the use of chemicals for pH correction, but also that this kind of mix has a similar energetic potential for anaerobic digestion as energy crops such as maize.
TL;DR: Mesophilic process was found to be more feasible for co-digestion than thermophobic process, methane yields being higher and process more stable in mesophilic conditions.
TL;DR: The paper reports the findings of a two-year pilot scale experimental trial for the mesophilic, thermophilic and temperature phased anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge, which showed the performance of the reactor improved with increases in temperature.
TL;DR: In this paper, an integrated bio-electrochemical reactor system is described focusing on new configurations, and the impact of important variables, namely, hydraulic retention time, electric current, pH, and carbon source.
TL;DR: The independent control of HRT and SRT is effective for efficient microalgae cultivation and carbon dioxide capture using treated sewage.
TL;DR: With whole stillage as sole substrate the process showed clear signs of instability after 120 days of operation, however, co-digestion with manure clearly improved biogas productivity and process stability and indicated increased methane yield compared with theoretical values.
TL;DR: In this article, the area requirement, achieved effluent concentrations and biomass production of a hypothetical large-scale microalgal biofilm system treating municipal wastewater was investigated, and it was found that it was not possible to simultaneously remove all nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater, because of the nitrogen:phosphorus ratio in the wastewater.
Abstract: Microalgae can be used for the treatment of municipal wastewater. The application of microalgal biofilms in wastewater treatment systems seems attractive, being able to remove nitrogen, phosphorus and COD from wastewater at a short hydraulic retention time. This study therefore investigates the area requirement, achieved effluent concentrations and biomass production of a hypothetical large-scale microalgal biofilm system treating municipal wastewater. Three scenarios were defined: using microalgal biofilms: (1) as a post-treatment; (2) as a second stage of wastewater treatment, after a first stage in which COD is removed by activated sludge; and (3) in a symbiotic microalgal/heterotrophic system. The analysis showed that in the Netherlands, the area requirements for these three scenarios range from 0.32 to 2.1 m 2 per person equivalent. Moreover, it was found that it was not possible to simultaneously remove all nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater, because of the nitrogen:phosphorus ratio in the wastewater. Phosphorus was limiting in the post-treatment scenario, while nitrogen was limiting in the two other scenarios. Furthermore, a substantial amount of microalgal biomass was produced, ranging from 13 to 59 g per person equivalent per day. These findings show that microalgal biofilm systems hold large potential as seasonal wastewater treatment systems and that it is worthwhile to investigate these systems further.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated hydrogen production and chemical oxygen demand removal (COD removal) from tapioca wastewater using anaerobic mixed cultures in a continuous ABR, which was conducted based on the optimum condition obtained from the batch experiment.
TL;DR: By monitoring the biogas production rate (BPR), the anaerobic digestion system has a higher acidification risk under an OLR of 8.0 kg VS (m(3)d)(-1), which remarks the possibility of relating bioreactor performance with BPR in order to better understand and monitor anaerobia digestion process.
TL;DR: This study was carried out to assess the impact of organic loading rate (OLR) on the performance of mesophilic anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) for H(2) production from a co-digestion of municipal food waste and kitchen wastewater and showed that increasing the OLR leads to a significant drop in the H( 2) production.
TL;DR: The presence of plants significantly enhanced both ammonia oxidation and TP removal in both batch and continuous modes of operation as compared to that for unplanted beds, and the influence of batch versus continuous flow on the removal efficiencies was evaluated.
TL;DR: Toxicity measurement shows that the effluent after GACB-SCMFC operation was much less toxic compared to the original dye wastewater, which indicates the GAC-biocathode can be a good alternative to platinum and other chemical catalysts.
TL;DR: The results indicated that the UMAR could be used efficiently for treatment of wastewater containing high COD concentration from cassava starch processing, and methanogenic activity were 0.31 and .73 g COD(CH(4))/(g VSS d) for the first and second feed, respectively.
TL;DR: The study demonstrated that the inclusion of a recirculation loop MFC increased the methane yields and so energy efficiency of anaerobic digestion of Arthrospira maxima biomass.
Abstract: A semi-continuously fed continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), advanced flow-through anaerobic reactor (AAR) and advanced flow-through anaerobic digester with an integrated recirculation loop microbial fuel cell (ADMFC) were investigated for the production of methane using Arthrospira maxima as the sole feedstock. The study demonstrated that the inclusion of a recirculation loop MFC increased the methane yields and so energy efficiency of anaerobic digestion of Arthrospira maxima biomass. The semi-continuously fed CSTR operating under a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 10 days and an organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.5 g DW per L−1 d−1 concluded a maximum methane yield of 90 ± 19 mL CH4 per g VS with an energy efficiency of 17.1 ± 0.8%. The continuous phase AAR and ADMFC units were operated with HRTs ranging from 2 to 4 days and organic loading rates varying from 0.5 to 3 g DW L−1 d−1. The maximum methane yield and energy efficiency concluded from the ADMFC unit was 173 ± 38 mL CH4 per g VS and 29.7 ± 6.8% respectively, whilst that of the AAR was 136 ± 16 mL CH4 per g VS and 22.1 ± 2.6%.
TL;DR: The typical problems of sludge flotation and washout during the anaerobic treatment of this oily wastewater were overcome by biomass retention, according to the Inverted Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (IASB) reactor concepts, demonstrating that it is possible to avoid a previous detoxification step by implementing adequate operational strategies to the an aerobic treatment of OMW.
TL;DR: The model developed in this study described the fractions and dynamics of UAP and BAP produced by heterotrophs, AOB and NOB, and found that when external organic substrate was present, the utilization-associated products were the main component of SMP.
TL;DR: Results advocate that a biological process involving immobilised AOB may be useful as an economical and environmentally friendly pre-treatment step for As removal from groundwater.
TL;DR: The continuous mixed immobilized sludge reactor (CMISR) could be a promising immobilized system for fermentative hydrogen production.
TL;DR: The model developed from this study can explain the causes and conditions for the different bioprocesses and minimal sludge production in the SANI(®) process.
TL;DR: The effect of substrate (glucose) concentration on the stability and yield of a continuous fermentative process that produces hydrogen was studied and the maximum hydrogen production rate value was achieved in the reactor with a HRT of 1 h and a feed strength of 10 g L−1.
Abstract: The effect of substrate (glucose) concentration on the stability and yield of a continuous fermentative process that produces hydrogen was studied. Four anaerobic fluidized bed reactors (AFBRs) were operated with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 1 to 8 h and an influent glucose concentration from 2 to 25 g L−1. The reactors were inoculated with thermally pre-treated anaerobic sludge and operated at a temperature of 30 °C with an influent pH around 5.5 and an effluent pH of about 3.5. The AFBRs with a HRT of 2 h and a feed strength of 2, 4, and 10 g L−1 showed satisfactory H2 production performance, but the reactor fed with 25 g L−1 of glucose did not. The highest hydrogen yield value was obtained in the reactor with a glucose concentration of 2 g L−1 when it was operated at a HRT of 2 h. The maximum hydrogen production rate value was achieved in the reactor with a HRT of 1 h and a feed strength of 10 g L−1. The AFBRs operated with glucose concentrations of 2 and 4 g L−1 produced greater amounts of acetic and butyric acids, while AFBRs with higher glucose concentrations produced a greater amount of solvents.