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Hydraulic retention time

About: Hydraulic retention time is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6406 publications have been published within this topic receiving 151005 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The objective was to better control biofilm formation in order to reduce the time of colonization during the start-up phase of an anaerobic high-rate biofilm reactor, and optimal methanogenic activity and COD removal were restored.

82 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A high‐rate fluidized‐bed bioprocess for ferric sulfate production, to characterize biomass retainment, and to determine the phylogeny of the enrichment culture were developed, demonstrating that the jarosite precipitates played an important role in the FBR biomass retainments.
Abstract: The aims of this work were to develop a high-rate fluidized-bed bioprocess for ferric sulfate production, to characterize biomass retention, and to determine the phylogeny of the enrichment culture. After 7 months of continuous enrichment and air aeration at 37 degrees C, the iron oxidation rate of 8.2 g Fe(2+) L(-1)h(-1) (4.5.10(-12) g Fe(2+) cell(-1) h(-1)) was obtained at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 0.6 h. However, oxygen supply became the rate-limiting factor. With gas mixture (99.5% O(2)/0.5% CO(2) (vol/vol)) aeration and HRT of 0.2 h, the iron oxidation rate was 26.4 g Fe(2+) L(-1)h(-1) (1.0.10(-11) g Fe(2+) cell(-1) h(-1)). Leptospirillum sp. was predominant in the mesophilic fluidized-bed reactor (FBR) enrichment culture as determined by fluorescent in situ hybridization, while Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was not detected. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of the amplified partial 16S rDNA showed only three bands, indicating a simple microbial community. DGGE fragment excision and sequencing showed that the populations were related to L. ferriphilum (100% similarity in sequence) and possibly to the genus Ferroplasma (96% similarity to F. acidiphilum). Jarosite precipitates accumulated on the top of the activated carbon biomass carrier material, increasing the rate of iron oxidation. The activated carbon carrier material, jarosite precipitates, and reactor liquid contained 59% (or 3.71.10(9) cells g(-1)), 31% (or 3.12.10(10) cells g(-1)) and 10% (or 1.24.10(8) cells mL(-1)) of the total FBR microbes, respectively, demonstrating that the jarosite precipitates played an important role in the FBR biomass retention.

82 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a two-year study was used to identify significant water quality parameters and to develop a predictive nonlinear model to estimate the corrosivity of blends based on water quality.
Abstract: The implementation of groundwater conservation measures has forced utilities with a historical reliance on groundwater sources to consider alternative sources to augment their supplies or to eliminate their groundwater dependence. Switching from traditional source water, however, can cause unacceptable changes in water quality that result from destabilization and the release of chemical and biological films from the interior surfaces of the existing distribution systems. Data from a two-year study were used to identify significant water quality parameters and to develop a predictive nonlinear model to estimate the corrosivity of blends based on water quality. The results of the statistical analysis indicate that alkalinity, chlorides, sulfates, sodium, and dissolved oxygen of the source water or blend of source waters have a significant effect on release of corrosion by-products in the form of red water. Temperature and hydraulic retention time were the significant physical and operational parameters identified.

82 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of pH on the adsorption capacity of barbecues with respect to colour removal was investigated under simulated industrial conditions on a laboratory scale and a fixed-bed reactor was used.

82 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an upflow anaerobic packed bed reactor was operated continuously with synthetic saline wastewater at different initial COD concentrations (COD 0 ǫ=1900-6300 µmg/L), salt concentrations (0 − 5, w/v) and hydraulic retention times ( θ H ǔ= 11 − 30h) to investigate the effect of those operating parameters on COD removal from saline synthetic wastewater.

82 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023171
2022431
2021357
2020341
2019357
2018355