Topic
Hydraulic retention time
About: Hydraulic retention time is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6406 publications have been published within this topic receiving 151005 citations.
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TL;DR: The ozonation system with the iron oxide catalyst gave the highest efficiency in both COD and color removals because the hydroxyl free radical generated from the catalyst is more reactive than the ozone molecule itself.
81 citations
TL;DR: The result showed that the food wastes containing high lipids content was effectively degraded by the high solids co-digestion process and over 85% of lipid was degraded to biogas with 60-65% of methane.
81 citations
TL;DR: In populations dominated by Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, high denitrification rates were obtained even at oxygen concentrations as high as 5 mg l −1 and in populations dominated of B. niacini, these populations showed however a limited efficiency with respect to nitrite reduction.
81 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a pilot high rate algal pond (HRAP) interconnected to an external CO2-H2S absorption column via settled broth recirculation was used to simultaneously treat a synthetic digestate and to upgrade biogas to a bio-methane with sufficient quality to be injected into natural gas grids.
Abstract: A pilot high rate algal pond (HRAP) interconnected to an external CO2–H2S absorption column via settled broth recirculation was used to simultaneously treat a synthetic digestate and to upgrade biogas to a bio-methane with sufficient quality to be injected into natural gas grids. An innovative HRAP operational strategy with biomass recirculation based on the control of algal-bacterial biomass productivity (2.2, 4.4 and 7.5 g m− 2 d− 1) via settled biomass wastage was evaluated in order to enhance nutrient recovery from digestate at a constant hydraulic retention time. The influence of the recycling liquid to biogas (L/G) ratio on the quality of the upgraded biogas was assessed. The bio-methane composition under a L/G ratio of 1 (0.4 ± 0.1% CO2, 0.03 ± 0.04% O2, 2.4 ± 0.2% N2 and 97.2 ± 0.2% CH4) complied with the technical specifications of most European bio-methane legislations regardless of the biomass productivity established. The HRAP operational strategy applied allowed increasing the N and P recovery from 19 and 22% to 83 and 100%, respectively, when the biomass productivity was increased from 2.2 to 7.5 g m− 2 d− 1. Finally, the dynamics of microalgae and bacteria population structure were characterized by morphological identification and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis analysis.
81 citations
TL;DR: A 60-L membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) was successfully employed to treat landfill leachate, which contained very high concentrations of refractory chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium as discussed by the authors.
81 citations