Topic
Hydraulic retention time
About: Hydraulic retention time is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6406 publications have been published within this topic receiving 151005 citations.
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TL;DR: The azo dye AR-88 was transformed to non-aromatic metabolic intermediates after treatment in sequential anoxic–aerobic bioreactor, and the UV–visible spectrophotometry, TLC and NMR analyses confirmed the biotransformation of parent dye into unrelated non-Aromatic compounds.
232 citations
TL;DR: High biodegradation efficiencies of different emerging micropollutants were obtained with nitrifying activated sludge (NAS) working at high nitrogen loading rates (NLR), that boosted the development of biomass with high nitrifier activities.
232 citations
TL;DR: The 16S rDNA analysis of DNA extracted from the bioreactors during periods of high H 2 production revealed that more than 50% of the bacteria present were members of the genus Lactobacillus and about 5% were Clostridia, therefore, the microbial populations in the biOREactors were closely related to the conditions and performance of the biora.
231 citations
TL;DR: Aerobic granular sludge can successfully be cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating dairy wastewater, and the maximum applicable loading rate is nevertheless limited, as the stability of aerobic granules very much depends on the presence of distinct feast and famine conditions.
Abstract: Aerobic granular sludge can successfully be cultivated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating dairy wastewater. Attention has to be paid to the fact that suspended solids are always present in the effluent of aerobic granular sludge reactors, making a post-treatment step necessary. Sufficient post-treatment can be achieved through a sedimentation process with a hydraulic retention time of 15–30 min. After complete granulation and the separation of biomass from the effluent, removal efficiencies of 90% CODtotal, 80% Ntotal and 67% Ptotal can be achieved at a volumetric exchange ratio of 50% and a cycle duration of 8 h. Effluent values stabilize at around 125 mg l−1 CODdissolved. The maximum applicable loading rate is nevertheless limited, as the stability of aerobic granules very much depends on the presence of distinct feast and famine conditions and the degradation of real wastewaters shows slower kinetics compared with synthetic wastewaters. As loading rate and volumetric exchange ratio are coupled in an SBR system, the potential of granular sludge for improving process efficiency is also limited.
230 citations
TL;DR: The effect of operational parameters such as type of substrate, size of inoculum, concentration of volatile fatty acids, hydraulic retention time and loading rate, on reduction of TS/VS, BOD/COD and biogas yield is discussed in detail.
230 citations