Topic
Hydraulic retention time
About: Hydraulic retention time is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6406 publications have been published within this topic receiving 151005 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, a literature review surveys the previous and current researches on the co-digestion of anaerobic processes and examines the synergies effect of co digestion with cattle manure and pays attention to different operational conditions like operating temperature, organic loading rate (OLR), hydraulic retention time (HRT), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and volatile solid (VS) removal efficiency and biogas or methane production.
Abstract: This literature review surveys the previous and current researches on the co-digestion of anaerobic processes and examines the synergies effect of co-digestion with cattle manure. Furthermore, this review also pays attention to different operational conditions like operating temperature, organic loading rate (OLR), hydraulic retention time (HRT), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile solid (VS) removal efficiency and biogas or methane production. This review shows that anaerobic mono-digestion of cattle manure usually causing poor performance and stability. Anaerobic studies were generally performed under mesophilic conditions maintained between 35 and 37 °C. Organic waste loading rate generally ranges from 1 to 6 g VS–COD L−1 day−1 stable condition in anaerobic digester. Generally, studies show that HRT for co-digestion of fruit–vegetables waste and industrial organic waste appears to exceed 20 days. However, the anaerobic co-digestion process is generally operated at HRT of between 10 and 20 days. VS and COD removal efficiency usually reaches up to 90 % due to co-digestion with different type organic waste. Methane–biogas production is generally obtained between 0.1 and 0.65 L CH4–biogas g−1 VS.
78 citations
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TL;DR: The partial acidification process to manage swine waste should be operated in the optimum condition for acetic acid production because the optimum operating condition for butyric acid production approached the washout point.
Abstract: Swine wastewater was biologically treated to produce short-chain volatile organic acids (VOAs) in laboratory-scale continuously stirred tank reactors. The maximum production rates of acetic and butyric acids associated with simultaneous changes in pH and hydraulic retention time (HRT) were investigated, in which the degree of acidification of swine wastewater to the short-chain VOAs was <25% of influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration. A constant inoculum system was used to minimize the experimental error due to the use of inconsistent inoculum. The inoculum system was operated with synthetic wastewater at 6000 mg soluble chemical oxygen demand per liter (pH 6.0) and 35°C at 0.5 day hydraulic retention time. Response surface methodology was applied successfully to determine the optimum physiological condition for which the maximum rate of acetic acid production occurred, which was pH 5.90 and 0.88 day hydraulic retention time at 35°C. The partial acidification process to manage swine waste should be operated in the optimum condition for acetic acid production because the optimum operating condition for butyric acid production approached the washout point. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 75: 521–529, 2001.
78 citations
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TL;DR: A model is described as a method for comparing conventional and BES based technology using the above mentioned criteria and balancing them against the respective loading rates.
77 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, anaerobic treatment of thermomechanical pulping whitewater was studied in semicontinuously fed batch digesters at 35, 55 and 65°C, and in upflow UASB reactors at 55 and 70°C.
77 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a post-endogenous denitrification and phosphorus removal (post-EDPR) system was developed by enriching denitrifying glycogen accumulating organisms (DGAOs) and phosphorus accumulating organisms(PAOs) to treat low carbon/nitrogen (C/N) wastewater.
77 citations