Topic
Hydraulic retention time
About: Hydraulic retention time is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6406 publications have been published within this topic receiving 151005 citations.
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TL;DR: Two photobioreactors inoculated with microalgae from a lagoon containing aerobically treated swine slurry and with sludge from a membrane submerged bioreactor treating winery wastewater were established and suggested that fish processing wastewater could be effectively treated using this technology.
64 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a carrier anaerobic baffled reactor (CABR), containing hollow-sphere bamboo carriers, was used to examine the effects of organic and temperature shock loads for a constant hydraulic retention time, and the relationships among themacroscopic observables (pH, COD and SS), catabolic intermediates (VFA) and microcosm alternation (TTC-DHA) were studied.
64 citations
TL;DR: Results of this study demonstrate that required design parameters are different depending on the nutrient being removed in systems simulated by these microcosms.
Abstract: Effects of vegetation, wastewater drawdown, hydraulic retention time (HRT), and media depth on removal of nitrogen, phosphorous, and organic carbon in microcosms were investigated. Synthetic wastewater was added daily to 28 microcosms, and effluent was sampled every 12 days for 132 days. Effluent was analyzed for ammonium (NH4
+-N), nitrate (NO3
−-N), orthophosphate (PO4
3−-P), and total organic carbon (TOC). Average percent removal of NH4
+-N was significantly greater in microcosms containing plants (67%) than in those without plants (29%). Percent removal of PO4
3−-P was also significantly greater in microcosms with plants (42%) than in microcosms without plants (20%), but no significant difference was found for TOC removal between microcosms with plants (67%) and those without plants (74%). Average removal was significantly lower in microcosms with wastewater drawdown than in those without wastewater fluctuation for both NH4
+-N (51% versus 83%) and PO4
3−-P (14% versus 71%). Percent NH4
+-N removal was significantly greater in microcosms with a 6-day retention time (80%) than in those with a 2-day retention (53%), and PO4
3−-P removal was also significantly greater with a 6-day retention time (55%) than a 2-day retention (29%). No differences were seen in TOC removal due to any of the treatments but HRT, where removal was greater microcosms with a 2-day HRT (76%) than in those with a 6-day HRT (60%). Media depth did not have a significant effect on nutrient removal. Results of this study demonstrate that required design parameters are different depending on the nutrient being removed in systems simulated by these microcosms.
64 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a facultative psychrophilic denitrifier (strain 47) immobilized on macro-porous cellulose carriers and utilizing soluble starch as a non-toxic carbon source.
64 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented the findings of the study on treatment of domestic wastewater using a laboratory scale Hybrid Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (HUASB) reactor with a working volume of 5.9 L and plastic cut rings as packing media for a period of 110 days.
Abstract: This paper presents the findings of the study on treatment of domestic wastewater using a laboratory scale Hybrid Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (HUASB) reactor. The reactor with a working volume of 5.9 L and plastic cut rings as packing media was operated at varying Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) for a period of 110 days. While the COD removal varied from 75-86%, the BOD removal was in the range of 70-91%. Methane content in the biogas was 62±3%. VFA levels fluctuating between 100 and 186 mg/L (as acetate) did not pose operational problems such as souring of the reactor. During the treatment, nutrient levels exhibited an increasing trend. HUASB system could be designed with very short HRT of 3.3 hours, which will reduce the treatment cost significantly. It appears to be a promising alternative for the treatment of domestic wastewater in developing countries like India
64 citations