Topic
Hydraulic retention time
About: Hydraulic retention time is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 6406 publications have been published within this topic receiving 151005 citations.
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TL;DR: Hypothetical computer simulations are presented to illustrate the influence of hydraulic retention time, SO2−4 : COD ratio, initial proportion of sulphate reducing and methanogenic bacteria in seed sludge, sludge retention, hydrogen sulphide inhibition and other factors on the outcome of this competition.
96 citations
TL;DR: Experiments were conducted to investigate the feasibility of applying constructed wetlands to treat a sanitary landfill leachate containing high nitrogen (TN) and bacterial contents and revealed the predominance of bacteria including the heterotrophic and autotrophic bacteria responsible for BOD5 removal.
96 citations
TL;DR: Fructose seems to be the most efficient carbon substrate for H 2 production with the H 2 -producing mixed culture used in this work, and the HPR and HY could be estimated based on stoichiometric correlation between formation of soluble metabolites and H 2production.
96 citations
TL;DR: In this article, high rate, high efficiency thiosulfate-driven autotrophic denitrification and denitritation with Thiobacillus denitrificans dominated biofilms were achieved in fluidized-bed reactors (FBRs) operated at 20.0,±-2.0 and 30.2, respectively.
95 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the area requirement, achieved effluent concentrations and biomass production of a hypothetical large-scale microalgal biofilm system treating municipal wastewater was investigated, and it was found that it was not possible to simultaneously remove all nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater, because of the nitrogen:phosphorus ratio in the wastewater.
Abstract: Microalgae can be used for the treatment of municipal wastewater. The application of microalgal biofilms in wastewater treatment systems seems attractive, being able to remove nitrogen, phosphorus and COD from wastewater at a short hydraulic retention time. This study therefore investigates the area requirement, achieved effluent concentrations and biomass production of a hypothetical large-scale microalgal biofilm system treating municipal wastewater. Three scenarios were defined: using microalgal biofilms: (1) as a post-treatment; (2) as a second stage of wastewater treatment, after a first stage in which COD is removed by activated sludge; and (3) in a symbiotic microalgal/heterotrophic system. The analysis showed that in the Netherlands, the area requirements for these three scenarios range from 0.32 to 2.1 m 2 per person equivalent. Moreover, it was found that it was not possible to simultaneously remove all nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater, because of the nitrogen:phosphorus ratio in the wastewater. Phosphorus was limiting in the post-treatment scenario, while nitrogen was limiting in the two other scenarios. Furthermore, a substantial amount of microalgal biomass was produced, ranging from 13 to 59 g per person equivalent per day. These findings show that microalgal biofilm systems hold large potential as seasonal wastewater treatment systems and that it is worthwhile to investigate these systems further.
95 citations