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Hydrogen peroxide

About: Hydrogen peroxide is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 42583 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1043732 citations. The topic is also known as: H2O2 & dioxidane.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: At acidic pH values, the protective ability of the apoproteins is diminished, and the fully iron-loaded proteins can release some iron in a form able to accelerate .OH generation.
Abstract: Apo-lactoferrin and apo-transferrin protect against iron-ion-dependent hydroxyl-radical (.OH) generation from H2O2 in the presence of superoxide radicals or ascorbic acid at pH 7.4, whether the necessary iron is added as ionic iron or as ferritin. Iron-loaded transferrin and lactoferrin [2 mol of Fe(III)/mol] show no protective ability, but do not themselves accelerate .OH production unless chelating agents are present in the reaction mixture, especially if the proteins are incorrectly loaded with iron. At acidic pH values, the protective ability of the apoproteins is diminished, and the fully iron-loaded proteins can release some iron in a form able to accelerate .OH generation. The physiological significance of these observations is discussed.

257 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A survey of 38 axenic isolates of blue‐green algae indicated that over half the isolates produced hydrogen peroxide under defined growth conditions, and three kinetic profiles for the formation of hydrogenperoxide were observed.
Abstract: SUMMARY A survey of 38 axenic isolates of blue-green algae indicated that over half the isolates produced hydrogen peroxide under defined growth conditions. Three kinetic profiles for the formation of hydrogen peroxide, were observed; these are described. The possible site or sites of hydrogen peroxide formation remain unknown.

257 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: How seed priming/conditioning affects the integrative role of hydrogen peroxide in seed germination and aging is outlined and the detrimental effects of H2O2 on seed biology is focused on.
Abstract: Hydrogen peroxide was initially recognized as a toxic molecule that causes damage at different levels of cell organization and thus losses in cell viability. From the 1990s, the role of hydrogen peroxide as a signaling molecule in plants has also been discussed. The beneficial role of H2O2 as a central hub integrating signaling network in response to biotic and abiotic stress and during developmental processes is now well established. Seed germination is the most pivotal phase of the plant life cycle, affecting plant growth and productivity. The function of hydrogen peroxide in seed germination and seed aging has been illustrated in numerous studies; however, the exact role of this molecule remains unknown. This review evaluates evidence that shows that H2O2 functions as a signaling molecule in seed physiology in accordance with the known biology and biochemistry of H2O2. The importance of crosstalk between hydrogen peroxide and a number of signaling molecules, including plant phytohormones such as abscisic acid, gibberellins and ethylene and reactive molecules such as nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide acting on cell communication and signaling during seed germination, is highlighted. The current study also focuses on the detrimental effects of H2O2 on seed biology, i.e., seed aging that leads to a loss of germination efficiency. The dual nature of hydrogen peroxide as a toxic molecule on one hand and as a signal molecule on the other is made possible through the precise spatial and temporal control of its production and degradation. Levels of hydrogen peroxide in germinating seeds and young seedlings can be modulated via pre-sowing seed priming/conditioning. This rather simple method is shown to be a valuable tool for improving seed quality and for enhancing seed stress tolerance during post-priming germination. In this review, we outline how seed priming/conditioning affects the integrative role of hydrogen peroxide in seed germination and aging.

257 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the degradation of acetone was carried out in a UV reactor in the presence of ∼16 mM H2O2 such that most of the UV was absorbed by H 2O2.
Abstract: Acetone is a significant pollutant in contaminated groundwaters and industrial effluents. It can be treated by the UV/H2O2 process but only slowly. This study aims to understand the degradation mechanism and hence the reasons for slow treatment. The degradation of acetone was carried out in a UV reactor in the presence of ∼16 mM H2O2 such that most of the UV was absorbed by H2O2. The decay of acetone was followed by gas chromatography, and the generation of intermediates (identified as acetic, formic, and oxalic acids) was followed by ion chromatography. Measurement of the total organic carbon indicated a complete carbon balance throughout the reaction ending in mineralization. A kinetic model, based on an assumed mechanism, was developed that generated a profile of reactants and intermediates in agreement with the experimental data, including the pH profile. The initial concentrations of acetone and hydrogen peroxide strongly affect the initial rate of acetone degradation, but no pH effect was observed i...

257 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Apr 1977-Science
TL;DR: Hydrogen peroxide activates this enzymatic reaction in cell-free extracts prepared from abalone eggs, and this effect appears to reveal a fundamental property of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthesis.
Abstract: Addition of hydrogen peroxide to seawater causes synchronous spawning in gravid male and female abalones, and certain other mollusks as well. This effect is blocked by exposure of the animals to aspirin, an inhibitor of the enzyme catalyzing oxidative synthesis of prostaglandin endoperoxide. Hydrogen peroxide activates this enzymatic reaction in cell-free extracts prepared from abalone eggs (a very rich source of the prostaglandin endoperoxide synthetase); this effect appears to reveal a fundamental property of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthesis. Applicability of these findings to both mariculture and medical purposes is suggested.

257 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20242
20231,644
20223,392
2021897
20201,112
20191,301