Topic
Hydrogen peroxide
About: Hydrogen peroxide is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 42583 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1043732 citations. The topic is also known as: H2O2 & dioxidane.
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TL;DR: It is shown that human A beta directly produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by a mechanism that involves the reduction of metal ions, Fe(III) or Cu(II), setting up conditions for Fenton-type chemistry.
Abstract: Oxidative stress markers characterize the neuropathology both of Alzheimer's disease and of amyloid-bearing transgenic mice. The neurotoxicity of amyloid Aβ peptides has been linked to peroxide gen...
1,065 citations
TL;DR: Since phagocytizing polymorphonuclear leukocytes produce superoxide radicals, this reac-tion is sutggested and shown to be quantitatively feasible as the ini vivo mechanism of synovial fluid degradation in anl inflamed joint.
Abstract: Enzymatically genierated superoxide radical. by reactitng with hydrogen peroxide to prduce the hydroxyl radical, depolymerized puirified hyaluronic acid and bovine synovial flulid. Since phagocytizing polymorphonuclear leukocytes produce superoxide radicals, this reac-tion is sutggested and shown to be quantitatively feasible as the ini vivo mechanism of synovial fluid degradation in anl inflamed joint. Superoxide dismutase, and catalase protect synaovial fluid against such degradation in vitro.
1,060 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the transformation of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide and, under certain conditions, then into hydroxyl radicals is important in diseases where respiratory chain function is abnormal or where superoxide dismutase function is altered.
1,049 citations
TL;DR: Reactive free radicals formed within cells can oxidise biomolecules and lead to cell death and tissue injury, and establishing the involvement of free radicals in the pathogenesis of a disease is extremely difficult due to the short lifetimes of these species.
Abstract: Free radicals are chemical species possessing an unpaired electron that can be considered as fragments of molecules and which are generally very reactive. They are produced continuously in cells either as accidental by-products of metabolism or deliberately during, for example, phagocytosis. The most important reactants in free radical biochemistry in aerobic cells are oxygen and its radical derivatives (superoxide and hydroxyl radical), hydrogen peroxide and transition metals. Cells have developed a comprehensive array of antioxidant defences to prevent free radical formation or limit their damaging effects. These include enzymes to decompose peroxides, proteins to sequester transition metals and a range of compounds to 'scavenge' free radicals. Reactive free radicals formed within cells can oxidise biomolecules and lead to cell death and tissue injury. Establishing the involvement of free radicals in the pathogenesis of a disease is extremely difficult due to the short lifetimes of these species.
1,048 citations
TL;DR: The mechanism and how it is affected by different chelators, and the interpretation of results obtained in biological systems, are discussed.
1,044 citations