Topic
Hydrogen peroxide
About: Hydrogen peroxide is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 42583 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1043732 citations. The topic is also known as: H2O2 & dioxidane.
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TL;DR: A catalytic amount of an oxalate/oxalic acid buffer strongly enhances the catalytic properties of Mn-tmtacn complexes for epoxidation reactions with H 2 O 2.
211 citations
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TL;DR: There is evidence to suggest that studies may have broader implication in being relevant to other aminoglycosides including streptomycin and being applicable to other major toxicity of am inoglycoside such as ototoxicity.
Abstract: Acute renal failure is a major complication of aminoglycoside antibiotics, which are widely used in the treatment of gram-negative infections. Sequential reduction of oxygen along the univalent pathway leads to the generation of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, and water. A large body of in vitro and in vivo evidence indicates that these partially reduced oxygen metabolites are important mediators of gentamicin nephrotoxicity. Gentamicin has been shown to enhance the generation of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide by renal cortical mitochondria. The interaction between superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of metal catalyst can lead to the generation of hydroxyl radical. Gentamicin has been shown to lead to release of iron from renal cortical mitochondria and to enhance generation of hydroxyl radical. These in vitro observations have been supported by in vivo studies in which scavengers of reactive oxygen metabolites and iron chelators have shown to be protective in gentamicin induced acute renal failure. There is evidence to suggest that studies may have broader implication in being relevant to other aminoglycosides including streptomycin and being applicable to other major toxicity of aminoglycoside such as ototoxicity.
210 citations
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210 citations
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TL;DR: Titanium dioxide/bentonite clay nanocomposite prepared by acid-catalyzed sol-gel method was used as photocatalyst in the reaction of cationic azo dye decomposition in water as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Titanium dioxide/bentonite clay nanocomposite prepared by acid-catalyzed sol–gel method was used as photocatalyst in the reaction of cationic azo dye decomposition in water. The incorporation of TiO2 was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). The photocatalytic activity of those nanocomposite photocatalysts was much higher than that of the pure titanium dioxides. The nanocomposite created a kinetic synergy effect in Cationic Red GTL (GTL) disappearance with an increase of the rate constant by a factor of 2.57 for neat TiO2 (P-25). The photo-activities were greatly dependent on the solution pH, and it was more effective for GTL to be degraded under alkaline condition. That was likely to contribute for the acid–base equilibria on the surface of the nanocomposite. Results also indicated that the proper addition of hydrogen peroxide could improve the decolorization rate, but the excess hydrogen peroxide could quench the formation of OH.
210 citations
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TL;DR: The results of this study suggest that anaerobic pretreatment prior to advanced oxidation may be a viable means of reducing the ozone and hydrogen peroxide dosages required for biodegradability enhancement.
Abstract: Ozone in combination with hydrogen peroxide has been shown to effectly oxidize 1,4-dioxane in synthetic solutions representing groundwater or industrial wastewater to more readily biodegradable oxidation products that could be treated using conventional biological treatment. Bicarbonate alkalinity and competition by 1,3-dioxolane and 2-methyl-1,4-dioxolane were found to increase the oxidant dosages required for 1,4-dioxane oxidation. The results of this study suggest that anaerobic pretreatment prior to advanced oxidation may be a viable means of reducing the ozone and hydrogen peroxide dosages required for biodegradability enhancement
210 citations