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Hydrogen peroxide

About: Hydrogen peroxide is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 42583 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1043732 citations. The topic is also known as: H2O2 & dioxidane.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that both ferric iron and superoxide ions are required for the killing of cultured hepatocytes by H2O2.

295 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results indicate that hydrogen peroxide production is heritable and is related to target organ function in essential hypertension, and genetic loci influencing hydrogenperoxide production may represent logical candidates to investigate as susceptibility genes for cardiovascular target organ injury.
Abstract: Oxygen free radicals, including hydrogen peroxide, may mediate oxidative stress in target organ tissues and contribute to cardiovascular complications in hypertension. To examine heritability of hydrogen peroxide production, we investigated this trait in a family-based cohort consisting of family members (n=236) ascertained through probands (n=57) with essential hypertension. Significant effects on hydrogen peroxide production were found for gender and ethnicity, with men having greater values than women (P<0.001) and white subjects having greater values than black subjects (P=0.025). Hydrogen peroxide production correlated directly with plasma renin activity (P=0.015), suggesting an important interaction between circulating oxygen radicals and the renin-angiotensin system and a potential mechanism for lower hydrogen peroxide values observed in blacks. Heritability estimates from familial correlations revealed that approximately 20% to 35% of the observed variance in hydrogen peroxide production could be attributed to genetic factors, suggesting a substantial heritable component to the overall determination of this trait. Hydrogen peroxide production negatively correlated with cardiac contractility (r=-0.214, P=0.001) and renal function (r=-0.194, P=0.003). In conclusion, these results indicate that hydrogen peroxide production is heritable and is related to target organ function in essential hypertension. Genetic loci influencing hydrogen peroxide production may represent logical candidates to investigate as susceptibility genes for cardiovascular target organ injury.

294 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that the photodynamic injury to the lens cation pump as well as to membrane lipids is incumbent upon an initial generation of superoxide and its derivatization to other oxidants, and the ocular lens is susceptible to oxidative insult and physiological damage through photocatalytic generation of various oxygen radicals.
Abstract: The mechanism of oxidative damage to the lens through intraocular photochemical generation of superoxide and its derivatization to other oxidants such as singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide has been studied. Rat lenses when organ cultured aerobically in TC 199 containing additional amounts of riboflavin were damaged as demonstrated by an inhibition of the uptake of Rb 86 against a concentration gradient. The pump was not affected by light if the culture was conducted in the basal TC 199. However, light was observed to induce significant peroxidative degradation of the tissue lipids even in the basal medium, the degradation being indicated by the formation of malonaldehyde. Both the inhibition of the pump as well as the peroxidative degradation of the tissue lipids, were attenuated considerably by scavengers of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. In addition, the lipid degradation was prevented by vitamins C and E. The results suggest that the photodynamic injury to the lens cation pump as well as to membrane lipids is incumbent upon an initial generation of superoxide and its derivatization to other oxidants. Thus, the ocular lens is susceptible to oxidative insult and physiological damage through photocatalytic generation of various oxygen radicals. Large concentrations of ascorbic acid in the aqueous humor seems to be able to provide significant protection against such an insult. Thus, this may be one of the functions of high concentration of ascorbic acid in the aqueous humor. The implication of oxidative stress has also been examined in the genesis of cataracts in vivo. Treatment with vitamin E of the Emory mouse led to a decrease in the rate of cataract progression suggesting that at least in some instances an oxidative stress could participate in the formation of cataracts. Oxygen radicals may inflict damage at multifarious biochemical sites. Human lens lipids were also shown to have an absorption maxima at 239 nm indicating their susceptibility to oxidative degradation. In addition the lipid extract has fluorescence similar to that of lipofuscins. The levels of MDA were higher in the brunescent cataracts as compared to that in the nonbrunescent cataracts. The implications of oxidative stress towards the genesis of cataracts in humans is being explored further.

294 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an efficient undivided electrochemical system using a graphite-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) cathode with high production rate of hydrogen peroxide and current efficiency under wider pH ranges was applied to the electro-Fenton oxidation of a model azo dye, methyl red.

294 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Superoxide production by Drosophila mitochondria was measured fluorometrically as hydrogen peroxide, using its dependence on substrates, inhibitors, and added superoxide dismutase to determine sites of production and their topology.

294 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20242
20231,644
20223,392
2021897
20201,112
20191,301