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Hydrostatic equilibrium
About: Hydrostatic equilibrium is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 2451 publications have been published within this topic receiving 62172 citations.
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TL;DR: In this article, the Radau-Darwin approximation (RDA) was used to compare the moment of inertia (MOI) of a simple hydrostatic, two-layer body as determined by the RDA to its exact hydrostatic MOI calculated to first order in the parameter q = Ω^2R^3/GM, where q is the spin angular velocity, R, and M the mass of the body, and G is the gravitational constant.
40 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented an estimation of Rhea's fully unconstrained quadrupole gravity field obtained from a joint multi-arc analysis of the two Cassini flybys.
40 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of dark energy on dynamics of the collapsing fluid within the framework of metric f(R) gravity were studied. But the authors did not consider the effect of the energy on the fluid dynamics in general spherical symmetric spacetime.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of dark energy on dynamics of the collapsing fluid within the framework of metric f(R) gravity. The fluid distribution is assumed to be locally anisotropic and undergoing dissipation in the form of heat flow, null radiations and shear viscosity. For this purpose, we take general spherical symmetric spacetime. Dynamical equations are obtained and also some special solutions are found by considering shearing expansion-free evolution of the fluid. It is found that dark energy affects the mass of the collapsing matter and rate of collapse but does not affect the hydrostatic equilibrium.
40 citations
TL;DR: Open-channel hydraulics as mentioned in this paper is a subset of shallow-water theory that, in turn, is a subsumption of hydrodynamics, and the distinguishing feature of shallowwater theory is the assumption of hydrostatic pressure.
Abstract: Open-channel hydraulics is a subset of shallow-water theory that, in turn, is a subset of hydrodynamics. The distinguishing feature of shallow-water theory is the assumption of hydrostatic pressure. One-dimensional, open-channel hydraulics goes further in that it averages the velocity in both the vertical and the horizontal directions. The derivation of the open-channel equations from the general hydrodynamics relationships displays the approximations. The hydrostatic approximation is well documented in the literature, but some confusion persists in the averaging process, a confusion that leads to erroneous definitions of critical depth, Froude number, and even Bernoulli’s equation. Critical depth must be defined so that it displays the singularities in the unsteady and steady equations of motion. Bernoulli’s equation stems from conservation of momentum and should not carry an energy correction factor for nonuniform velocity distribution. In most circumstances, the error made by neglecting momentum and energy correction factors is tertiary, smaller than errors of erroneous friction and nonhydrostatic pressure.
40 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, fluid stationary models are used to reproduce the observed, negative vertical gradient of the rotation velocity of the extraplanar gas in spiral galaxies, based on the simple condition that the pressure of the medium does not depend on density alone (baroclinic instead of barotropic solutions).
Abstract: We show that fluid stationary models are able to reproduce the observed, negative vertical gradient of the rotation velocity of the extra-planar gas in spiral galaxies. We have constructed models based on the simple condition that the pressure of the medium does not depend on density alone (baroclinic instead of barotropic solutions: isodensity and isothermal surfaces do not coincide). As an illustration, we have successfully applied our method to reproduce the observed velocity gradient of the lagging gaseous halo of NGC 891. The fluid stationary models discussed here can describe a hot homogeneous medium as well as a "gas" made of discrete, cold HI clouds with an isotropic velocity dispersion distribution. Although the method presented here generates a density and velocity field consistent with observational constraints, the stability of these configurations remains an open question.
40 citations