Topic
Hypothalamus
About: Hypothalamus is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 22301 publications have been published within this topic receiving 1085925 citations.
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TL;DR: Morphometric analysis of the human hypothalamus revealed that the volume of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in homosexual men is 1.7 times as large as that of a reference group of male subjects and contains 2.1 times as many cells.
323 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that the anxiogenic drugs selected activate a restricted set of forebrain areas that are consistent with the theory of an integrated forebrain and hindbrain neuronal system that is important for anxiety states evoked by both drug and environmental manipulations.
323 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that fibers from both regions descend through the medial forebrain bundle and give rise in the pedunculopontine nucleus to a terminal field that contains many structures with the appearance of terminal boutons.
323 citations
TL;DR: Under normal conditions, this inhibitory influence of glucocorticoids may prevent lasting hypophagia in obesity with degrees of hypercorticism, and may contribute to “leptin resistance,” whose etiology is still little understood.
Abstract: The product of the ob gene, leptin, is a hormone secreted by adipose tissue that acts in the hypothalamus to regulate the size of the body fat depot. Its central administration has been shown to decrease food intake and body weight, while favoring energy dissipation. As glucocorticoids are known to play a permissive role in the establishment and maintenance of obesity syndromes in rodents, it was hypothesized that they do so by restraining the effect of leptin. Leptin injected intracerebroventricularly as a bolus of 3 μg in normal rats induced modest reductions in body weight and food intake. In marked contrast, the same dose of leptin had very potent and long-lasting effects in decreasing both body weight and food intake when administered to adrenalectomized rats. Further, glucocorticoid supplementation of adrenalectomized rats dose-dependently inhibited these potent effects of leptin. These data suggest that glucocorticoids play a key inhibitory role in the action of leptin. Under normal conditions, this inhibitory influence of glucocorticoids may prevent lasting hypophagia. In obesity with degrees of hypercorticism, it may contribute to “leptin resistance,” whose etiology is still little understood.
322 citations
TL;DR: The identification of relaxin-3 as the ligand for GPCR135 provides the framework for the discovery of a new brainstem/hypothalamus circuitry.
322 citations