Hypoventilation

About: Hypoventilation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1772 publications have been published within this topic receiving 40799 citations. The topic is also known as: respiratory depression.

Severe respiratory compromise secondary to cervical disk herniation in two dogs.

Abstract: Two dogs presented with acute tetraparesis, hypoventilation, and bradycardia with a second-degree atrioventricular heart block. Neurological examination localized both lesions to the cervical spine. Diagnostic imaging revealed a ventral extradural compression at the second to third cervical (C(2)-C(3)) region in one dog and at the third to fourth cervical (C(3)-C(4)) region in the other. Following surgical correction of the extruded disk, the hypoventilation and bradycardia resolved. Cervical disk extrusions are a common cause of acute tetraparesis in the dog. This report shows that respiratory and cardiac complications may occur concurrently. The authors recommend screening dogs with cervical myelopathies for respiratory and cardiac dysfunctions and treating appropriately. Prompt surgical intervention and supportive care can improve the prognosis.

Identification of unexpected respiratory abnormalities in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis through electromyographic analysis using intramuscular electrodes implanted for therapeutic diaphragmatic pacing.

Abstract: Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients have significant respiratory abnormalities with incomplete understanding of respiratory control. This study analyzes electromyography (EMG) of the diaphragm (dEMG) using implanted diaphragm pacing (DP) electrodes. Methods Retrospective analysis of dEMG data were obtained during Institutional Review Board and US Food and Drug Administration approved trials. The electrodes were used to analyze epochs of dEMG during multiple respiratory cycles. Results Fifty-three patients were implanted. Thirty-six had bilateral dEMG assessments, 18 had continuous overnight readings with pulse oximetry, and 19 had serial analysis. Several findings revealed an alteration in the central respiratory drive including central apnea, hypoventilation, and hypercarbia. The electrodes showed unilateral dysfunction and demonstrated noninvasive ventilation suppression of diaphragm activity. DP can be used for serial monitoring, to decrease hypercarbia, improve sleep, and decrease atrophy. Conclusions Multiple abnormalities of respiratory control can be seen in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients using dEMG through therapeutic DP electrodes. DP is used to overcome instability of respiratory control when there are intact diaphragm motor units leading to improved survival.

Prolonged Doxapram Infusion in Obesity-Hypoventilation Syndrome

Abstract: Doxapram hydrochloride, a potent, centrally acting respiratory stimulant, is used to treat acute respiratory insufficiency caused by anesthetic administration, 1 drug overdose, 2 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 3 We used it to treat acute respiratory failure due to the obesity-hypoventilation syndrome because the patient's condition did not improve with conventional therapy. Report of a Case A 39-year-old woman came to the hospital because she felt depressed. She also had dyspnea after walking ten to 12 steps. Her son reported that she slept approximately 12 hours per day and was difficult to arouse. She reported a weight gain of approximately 45 kg over the past year, had had pedal edema for the past four months, and there was recent onset of periorbital edema. The patient had been overweight since her teens, when she weighed 81 kg. Because of emotional stress precipitated by family problems, she began to eat excessively. Both

Hypoventilation, cyanosis and polycythemia in a thin man.

Abstract: A lack of respiratory centrogenic drive of undetermined origin is a rare cause of cyanosis In this condition, voluntary hyperventilation restores arterial oxygen saturation to normal Secondary changes consist of polycythemia, somnolence, headache and right heart failure The present report of a 43-year-old thin man with idiopathic alveolar hypoventilation is combined with a review of 12 similar patients reported by others His resting oxygen saturation increased from 60% to 98% with hyperventilation The pulmonary artery pressure was 68/26 mm Hg and cardiac output 123 l/min Death resulted from pulmonary infarction, and no specific abnormalities were found in the brain