Hypoventilation

About: Hypoventilation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 1772 publications have been published within this topic receiving 40799 citations. The topic is also known as: respiratory depression.

Chronic hypoventilation in an epileptic patient.

Abstract: SINCE THE EFFECTS of hyperventilation were first described by Rosettl and Foerster,2 it has been known that the epileptic patient is profoundly sensitive to changes i n respiration, especially to hyperpnea. A search of the Iiterature fails to reveaI any case report in which a chronic respiratory abnormality has been found in a patient subject to seizures. For this reason the present case is considered to be of interest.

Transcutaneous carbon dioxide monitoring: literature review.

Abstract: Dental anxiety is very common, affecting 22% of the population. One way to increase access to dental care is by the use of BDZs in conscious sedation. These drugs are known to be safe when titrated. BDZs work by stimulating GABAA receptors within inhibitory pathways of the CNS. A consequence of this is a reduction in respiratory drive. Thus assessing saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) is mandatory. A pulse oximeter is normally used to do this. However a pulse oximeter cannot detect changes in CO2 which could result from a reduction in ventilatory drive. Many practitioners prescribe supplemental oxygen to compensate for hypoventilation, which can inhibit the ability of pulse oximetry to detect hypoventilation. Transcutaneous CO2 monitoring is currently used in ICUs and neonatal units. It may, however, have a place in conscious sedation dentistry. It can be used to detect changes in CO2, and is not affected by supplemental oxygen.

Effect of Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment on Blood Pressure in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea-hypopnea Syndrome

Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to blood pressure of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).Methods We evaluated the variation of blood pressure and AHI ,oxygenation in the OSAHS patients after using CPAP.Results AHI is obviously decreased (P=0.000) ,oxygenation is obviously increased (P=0.000) after using CPAP. But blood pressure is not obviously decreased (P0.05).Conclusion CPAP can improve oxygenation and sleep apnea-hypopnea,but can not be proven having effects of decreased blood pressure.

CPAP or non-invasive ventilation in obesity hypoventilation syndrome: does it matter which one you start with?

Abstract: In recent decades, the prevalence of obesity and severe obesity has increased significantly around the globe.1 ,2 As a consequence, it is likely that the prevalence of obesity-associated comorbidities such as obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) will follow the same trend.3 OHS is the most severe form of respiratory compromise induced by obesity, leading to increased mortality and a wide array of comorbidities such as pulmonary hypertension, right heart failure and increased risk of hospitalisation due to acute-on-chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure.4–6 Unfortunately, OHS remains frequently unrecognised or misdiagnosed even in patients with severe obesity hospitalised with hypercapnic respiratory failure.7 ,8 Although positive airway pressure (PAP) remains the cornerstone therapy for OHS, controversy persists as to the preferred mode of PAP therapy for long-term management.9 In theory, non-invasive ventilation (NIV) should be more effective than CPAP since it addresses the various complex pathophysiological disturbances that result in OHS, such as altered ventilatory drive, increased work of breathing due to restrictive chest physiology induced by excess adiposity and exacerbation of hypoventilation during sleep. However, observational and a few randomised controlled trials with short-term follow-up have shown that both CPAP and NIV are equally effective in improving daytime and nighttime hypercapnia as well as symptoms in patients with OHS.10–12 NIV is commonly prescribed as a fixed level of pressure support in the form of bilevel PAP in spontaneous mode or bilevel PAP spontaneous-timed (ST) mode with a back-up respiratory rate, or a variable level of pressure support such as volume-targeted pressure support. Given the lack of consensus and the limited information on long-term outcomes with the various modalities of PAP therapy, it is not surprising that there is significant variation in clinical practice. To further address this relevant clinical question, Howard et al 13 conducted a …

Apnea and hypoventilation analyzer

Abstract: A device is operative to quantify the severity of changes in ventilation strength and amplitude by monitoring the effort and efficiency of breathing activity, and classifying the source of apnea as either central or obstructive.