Showing papers on "Identity (social science) published in 1992"
Book•
01 Mar 1992TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the conflicts of modernity and modernity's relationship with the self in moral space and the providential order of nature, and present a list of the main sources of conflict.
Abstract: Preface Part I. Identity and the Good: 1. Inescapable frameworks 2. The self in moral space 3. Ethics of inarticulacy 4. Moral sources Part II: Inwardness: 5. Moral topography 6. Plato's self-mastery 7. 'In Interiore Homine' 8. Descartes's disengaged reason 9. Locke's punctual self 10. Exploring 'l'Humaine Condition' 11. Inner nature 12. A digression on historical explanation Part III. The Affirmation of Ordinary Life: 13. 'God Loveth Adverbs' 14. Rationalised Christianity 15. Moral sentiments 16. The providential order 17. The culture of modernity Part IV. The Voice of Nature: 18. Fractured horizons 19. Radical enlightenment 20. Nature as source 21. The Expressivist turn Part V. Subtler Languages: 22. Our Victorian contemporaries 23. Visions of the post-romantic age 24. Epiphanies of modernism 25. Conclusion: the conflicts of modernity Notes Index.
5,608 citations
01 Apr 1992
TL;DR: In this article, gender trouble feminism and the subversion of identity routledge classics by is one of the most effective vendor publications on the planet? Have you had it? Never? Foolish of you.
Abstract: Whatever our proffesion, gender trouble feminism and the subversion of identity routledge classics can be great resource for reading. Locate the existing data of word, txt, kindle, ppt, zip, pdf, as well as rar in this site. You can definitely read online or download this publication by here. Now, never miss it. gender trouble feminism and the subversion of identity routledge classics by is one of the most effective vendor publications on the planet? Have you had it? Never? Foolish of you. Now, you can get this impressive publication simply right here. Discover them is format of ppt, kindle, pdf, word, txt, rar, as well as zip. Exactly how? Just download and install and even review online in this website. Now, never ever late to read this gender trouble feminism and the subversion of identity routledge classics. GO TO THE TECHNICAL WRITING FOR AN EXPANDED TYPE OF THIS GENDER TROUBLE FEMINISM AND THE SUBVERSION OF IDENTITY ROUTLEDGE CLASSICS, ALONG WITH A CORRECTLY FORMATTED VERSION OF THE INSTANCE MANUAL PAGE ABOVE.
3,981 citations
TL;DR: This paper found that ethnic identity is an important component of the self-concept and, like other aspects of identity, can be particularly salient during adolescence, especially during the transition from childhood to adolescence.
Abstract: Ethnic identity is an important component of the self-concept and, like other aspects of identity, can be particularly salient during adolescence. Most research on ethnic identity has focused on th...
3,702 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a scale was constructed to assess individual differences in collective, rather than personal, self-esteem, with four subscales (Membership esteem, public collective selfesteem, private collective self esteem, and importance to identity), and evidence for reliability and validity of the scale was provided by three studies.
Abstract: Social identity theory as developed by Tajfel and Turner argues that there are two distinct aspects of the self-concept: personal identity and social identity (in American terminology, collective identity). Although many self-esteem measures are available in the literature, they allfocus on individuals'evaluation of their personal identity, whether in private or interpersonal domains. No scale currently exists that assesses the positivity of one's social, or collective, identity. A scale was constructed to assess individual differences in collective, rather than personal, self-esteem, with four subscales (Membership esteem, Public collective self-esteem, Private collective self-esteem, and Importance to Identity). Evidence for reliability and validity of the scale was provided by three studies, suggesting that the scale can be a useful research tool. Implications for research and social identity theory are discussed.
2,806 citations
Book•
01 Sep 1992
TL;DR: The politics of theorizing identity as discussed by the authors has been studied extensively in the last few decades in the field of theory and theory of identity, especially in the context of foreign policy and identity.
Abstract: Preface A note about the revised edition Introduction 1. Provocations of our time 2. Rethinking foreign policy 3. Foreign policy and identity 4. Foreign policy and difference 5. Imagining America 6. Writing security 7. Rewriting security 8. The politics of theorizing identity Epilogue: The disciplinary politics of theorising identity
1,768 citations
TL;DR: The Postmodern Music, Postmodern Listening collection as mentioned in this paper explores a wide range of modern understandings of Buddhism and questions if secular Buddhism is purely a Western invention, offering a timely contribution to an ever-evolving discussion.
Abstract: Examines various industries to show how business endows products with evocative meaning. Kramer was one of the most visionary musical thinkers of the second half of the 20th century. In his The Time of Music, he approached the idea of the many different ways that time itself is articulated musically. This book has become influential among composers, theorists, and aestheticians. Now, in his almost completed text written before his untimely death in 2004, he examines the concept of postmodernism in music. Kramer created a series of markers by which we can identify postmodern works. He suggests that the postmodern project actually creates a radically different relationship between the composer and listener. Written with wit, precision, and at times playfully subverting traditional tropes to make a very serious point about this difference, Postmodern Music, Postmodern Listening leads us to a strongly grounded intellectual basis for stylistic description and an intuitive sensibility of what postmodernism in music entails. Postmodern Music, Postmodern Listening is an examination of how musical postmodernism is not just a style or movement, but a fundamental shift in the relationship between composer and listener. The result is a multifaceted and provocative look at a critical turning point in music history, one whose implications we are only just beginning to understand. A timely essay collection on the development and influence of secular expressions of Buddhism in the West and beyond. How do secular values impact Buddhism in the modern world? What versions of Buddhism are being transmitted to the West? Is it possible to know whether an interpretation of the Buddha’s words is correct? In this new essay collection, opposing ideas that often define Buddhist communities—secular versus religious, modern versus traditional, Western versus Eastern—are unpacked and critically examined. These reflections by contemporary scholars and practitioners reveal the dynamic process of reinterpreting and reimagining Buddhism in secular contexts, from the mindfulness movement to Buddhist shrine displays in museums, to whether rebirth is an essential belief. This collection explores a wide range of modern understandings of Buddhism—whether it is considered a religion, philosophy, or lifestyle choice—and questions if secular Buddhism is purely a Western invention, offering a timely contribution to an ever-evolving discussion. Contributors include Bhikkhu Bodhi, Kate Crosby, Gil Fronsdal, Kathleen Gregory, Funie Hsu, Roger R. Jackson, Charles B. Jones, David L. McMahan, Richard K. Payne, Ron Purser, Sarah Shaw, Philippe Turenne, and Pamela D. Winfield. `I judge this book to be something of a triumph. It provides many valuable insights into how social psychologists work within different paradigms and with quite different assumptions.... Throughout, the writing is clear, central issues are constantly reexamined, and sight is never lost of the whole \"task\" of the book... it addresses central issues both adventurously and provocatively. Students who use it are lucky to have such a feast provided, and they are bound to find the material both challenging and stimulating... there is much more about self issues in this text than in any comparable social psychology text. And that, in itself, is a major achievement' Self & Society This accessible, broad-based and a
1,263 citations
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: The body politics of Julia Kristeva and the Body Politics of JuliaKristeva as discussed by the authors are discussed in detail in Section 5.1.1 and Section 6.2.1.
Abstract: Preface (1999) Preface (1990) 1. Subjects of Sex/Gender/Desire I. 'Women' as the Subject of Feminism II. The Compulsory Order of Sex/Gender/Desire III. Gender: The Circular Ruins of Contemporary Debate IV. Theorizing the Binary, the Unitary and Beyond V. Identity, Sex and the Metaphysics of Substance VI. Language, Power and the Strategies of Displacement 2. Prohibition, Psychoanalysis, and the Production of the Heterosexual Matrix I. Structuralism's Critical Exchange II. Lacan, Riviere, and the Strategies of Masquerade III. Freud and the Melancholia of Gender IV. Gender Complexity and the Limits of Identification V. Reformulating Prohibition as Power 3. Subversive Bodily Acts I. The Body Politics of Julia Kristeva II. Foucault, Herculine, and the Politics of Sexual Discontinuity III. Monique Wittig - Bodily Disintegration and Fictive Sex IV. Bodily Inscriptions, Performative Subversions Conclusion - From Parody to Politics
1,125 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: The authors examines the cultural and political dimensions of what it means to be an African today and probes the history of the idea of Africa to illuminate an African identity that extends into the continent's multiple diasporas.
Abstract: Examines the cultural and political dimensions of what it means to be an African today. The author probes the history of the idea of Africa to illuminate an African identity that extends into the continent's multiple diasporas.
998 citations
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a post-modern post-script to represent identity and subject-before-the-law (PWN) in the context of postmodernism.
Abstract: Introduction I Contesting Grounds II Signifying Identity III Subjects Before the Law IV Critical Practices V Postmodern Post-Script
938 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: To have is to be -is that the question? biological accounts of possessions and property -the "acquisitive instinct" in modern disguise? the individual-centred approach -material possessions as parts of the extended self a social constructionist perspective - possessions as material symbols of identity possessions as symbolic expressions of identity material possessions as reflections of identity - gender, social-material position and social groups fine weather makes fine birds - the impact of material context on perceived identity as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: To have is to be - is that the question? biological accounts of possessions and property - the "acquisitive instinct" in modern disguise? the individual-centred approach - material possessions as parts of the extended self a social constructionist perspective - possessions as material symbols of identity possessions as symbolic expressions of identity material possessions as reflections of identity - gender, social-material position and social groups fine weather makes fine birds - the impact of material context on perceived identity the current Western conception of identity - the materialism-idealism paradox.
897 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a framework for conceptualizing urban-related identity and identification is developed on the basis of social psychological work on self-concept, which offers an empirically useful operationalization of the theoretical considerations presented in the first part of the paper.
Book•
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: In this paper, Derrida argues for a redefinition of European identity that includes respect both for difference and for universal values, and argues that the current world situation changing that definition might demand not only a new definition of identity but also a new way of thinking identity itself.
Abstract: Prompted by the unification of Europe in 1992 and by recent events in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, Jacques Derrida begins this compelling essay on contemporary world politics with the issue of European identity. What, he asks, is Europe? How has Europe traditionally been defined and how is the current world situation changing that definition? Might the prospects of a New Europe demand not only a new definition of European identity but also a new way of thinking identity itself? Navigating in and through texts of Marx, Husserl, and especially Valery, Derrida seeks a redefinition of European identity that includes respect both for difference and for universal values. The Other Heading appeals eloquently for a sustained effort at thinking through the complexity and the multiple dangers and opportunities of the contemporary world situation without resorting to easy or hasty solutions."
TL;DR: The Local and the Global: Globalization and Ethnicity by A.King and S.Hall as mentioned in this paper is a seminal work in social theory, Cultural Relativity and the Politics of Globality.
Abstract: Introduction.- A.D.King The Local and the Global: Globalization and Ethnicity.- S.Hall Old and New Identities.- S.Hall Social Theory, Cultural Relativity and the Politics of Globality.- R.Robertson The National and the Universal: Can there be such a thing as World Culture?.- I.Wallerstein Scenarios for Peripheral Cultures.- U.Hannerz Interrogating Theories of the Global.- J.AbuLughod, B.Abou-el-Haj, M.Turim, A.King & J.Tagg The Global and the Specific: Reconciling Conflicting Theories of Culture.- J.Wolff.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that cultural reality is always produced in specific sociohistorical contexts and that it is necessary to account for the processes that generate those contexts in order to explain the nature of both the practice of identity and the production of historical schemes.
Abstract: deterioration of the conditions that empowered a dominant modernist identity. The latter entails the liberation of formerly encompassed or superseded identities. I shall be arguing that the dehegemonization of the Western-dominated world is simultaneously its dehomogenization. In this article I present two kinds of argument. The first concerns the general relations between identity and the politics of historical construction. The second concerns the current situation of contested representations of other peoples' realities. The overriding argument is that cultural realities are always produced in specific sociohistorical contexts and that it is necessary to account for the processes that generate those contexts in order to account for the nature of both the practice of identity and the production of historical schemes. This includes the identifications "invented" by anthropologists as well as those of the subjects that we engage "out there." I argue, further, that the processes that generate the contexts in which identity is practiced constitute a global arena of potential identity formation. This arena is informed by the interaction between locally specific practices of selfhood and the dynamics of global positioning.
TL;DR: It is found that gender differences in distress are explained by differences in exposure to parental role strains, and the utility of identity theory for explaining psychological distress among women and men is underscored.
Abstract: Although past research indicates that women's higher levels of psychological distress can be accounted for by their greater exposure and vulnerability to role-related stress, the social psychological factors contributing to female vulnerability have not been fully identified. This paper applies identity theory to the phenomenon of gender differences in distress among parents. From an identity perspective, I propose that salience of the parental identity in women's self-conceptions contributes to their vulnerability to parental role strains. Using 1988 survey data from a stratified random sample of married and divorced Indianapolis residents (N= 448), I find that gender differences in distress are explained by differences in exposure to parental role strains. Further analyses reveal, however, that salience of the parental identity contributes to both men's and women's vulnerability to parental role strains. These findings underscore the utility of identity theory for explaining psychological distress among women and men.
TL;DR: The authors examined the relationship between identity style and various social-cognitive dispositions: need for cognition, openness to experience, and introspection, concluding that norm-oriented individuals tend to protect themselves from potentially dissonant experience and information.
Abstract: This investigation examined the relationship between identity style and various social-cognitive dispositions: need for cognition, openness to experience, and introspection. Identity style refers to the manner in which individuals characteristically process self-relevant information, solve personal problems, and negotiate identity issues. A maximum likelihood factor analysis indicated that self-reported use of a cogitative information-oriented style loaded on two factors. One was marked by information-seeking variables, the other by self-reflective tendencies. A normative style loaded negatively on a bipolarfactor defined by openness to values and actions, suggesting that norm-oriented itndividuals tend to protect themselves from potentially dissonant experience and information. Reported use of a diffuse/avoidant style was associated with a heightened emphasis on a social identity, indicating a reliance on immediate social reinforcements. Results are discussed in terms of a process model of identity forma...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that cultural criticism is being translated into that most tedious dichotomy that pits the "academy" against the "real world." While I am somewhat embarrassed by the prospect of having to contemplate such a simplistic binarism, this essay seeks to question its own cultural parameters by situating both its knowledge and its ignorance in relation to the devastating rhetoric of "us and them" that beleaguers issues of identity formation today.
Abstract: Given the current climate of rampant and gleeful anti-intellectualism that has overtaken the mass media at the present time, both literary and cultural interpretive practitioners have more than ample reason to reassess, to reexamine, and to reassert those theoretical concerns that constitute or question the identity of each putatively marginal group. There are dreary reiterations that must be made, and even more dreary navigations between the Scylla and Charybdis so easily identified in journalism as a conflict between the "thought police" on the one hand and the proponents of "multiculturalism" on the other. As readers of mass culture, let us note by way of example the astonishing attention that the media has accorded the academy: the Gulf War took up three months of their time, whereas we have been granted over a year of headlines and glossy magazine newsworthiness. Is our anathema, then, more pervasive than that of Saddam Hussein? In what fashion is the academy now to be read as one of the greatest sources of sedition against the new world order? The moment demands urgent consideration of how the outsideness of cultural criticism is being translated into that most tedious dichotomy that pits the "academy" against the "real world." While I am somewhat embarrassed by the prospect of having to contemplate such a simplistic binarism, this essay seeks to question its own cultural parameters by situating both its knowledge and its ignorance in relation to the devastating rhetoric of "us and them" that beleaguers issues of identity formation today. Grant me the luxury, then, of not having to supply quotation marks around several of
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the structures of feeling that produce a location called "the nation" are not identical in differently situated places, and they make extensive use of two examples of nonnational collectivities: the Nonaligned Movement (NAM) and the European Community (EC).
Abstract: contingent form of organizing space in the world. National identity appears to be firmly spatialized and seemingly immutable, becoming almost a "natural" marker of cultural and social difference. This article problematizes nationalism by juxtaposing it and other forms of spatial commitment and identity, particularly transnational ones. In so doing, it seeks to illuminate the specificity of nationalism in the postcolonial world. Beginning with the premise that the structures of feeling (R. Williams 1961:48-71) that produce a location called "the nation" are not identical in differently situated places, I wish to conceptualize the vastly dissimilar structural positions occupied by First and Third World' nationalisms by locating them with respect to late capitalism and to the postcolonial world order. Connecting such global phenomena with questions of place and identity is consonant with recent moves in anthropological theory that urge us to go beyond "the field" to see how transnationalism refracts and shapes "the local."2 The changing global configuration of postcoloniality and late capitalism have resulted in the repartitioning and reinscription of space. These developments have had profound implications for the imagining of national homelands and for the discursive construction of nationalism. To grasp the nature of these changes, we need to be bifocal in our analytical vision. On the one side, we need to investigate processes of place making, of how feelings of belonging to an imagined community bind identity to spatial location such that differences between communities and places are created. At the same time, we also need to situate these processes within systemic developments that reinscribe and reterritorialize space in the global political economy. To spell out the argument, I make extensive use of two examples of nonnational collectivities: the Nonaligned Movement (NAM) and the European Community (EC). The examination of imagined communities that transgress the spa
TL;DR: In light of contemporary variations in subcultural meanings and values, a postmodern view is suggested in which reflexive responsibility is focal.
Abstract: Psychological theories and practices frequently neglect the extent to which their subject matter is historically and culturally defined. This issue is explored in the context of theories and therapies related to bereavement. Contemporary orientations emphasize the importance of breaking bonds with the deceased and the return of survivors to autonomous lifestyles. Placing the orientation in cultural and historical context reveals that it is largely a product of a modernist worldview. Within the romanticist ethos of the preceding century, such breaking of bonds would destroy one's identity and the meaning of life. In light of contemporary variations in subcultural meanings and values, a postmodern view is suggested in which reflexive responsibility is focal.
Book•
29 Dec 1992
TL;DR: Among 60 university students, those in an identity status characterized by formation and maintenance of structure (Foreclosure) were instrumentally-oriented while those characterized by openness to change and revision (Moratorium) were experientially-oriented and more Moratoriums than other statuses were high in dialectic thinking.
Book•
01 Jan 1992TL;DR: The authors make meaning gender embodied Oedipus and Antigone revisited - the family drama identity embodied relationships - his and hers limits and boundaries self and esteem order out of disorder - disorderly conduct eating a new model for feminist psychotherapy.
Abstract: Making meaning gender embodied Oedipus and Antigone revisited - the family drama identity embodied relationships - his and hers limits and boundaries self and esteem order out of disorder - disorderly conduct eating a new model for feminist psychotherapy.
Book•
13 Feb 1992TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the ETHNIC MINORITY IDENTITY IN BRITAIN: A SCENARIO PART II: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES PART III: RESEARCH ISSUES
Abstract: PART I: ETHNIC MINORITY IDENTITY IN BRITAIN: A SCENARIO PART II: THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES PART III: RESEARCH ISSUES
Book•
04 Feb 1992
TL;DR: The Inner Space and Beyond - Serena J Patterson, Ingrid Sochting and James E Marcia Women and Identity A Feminist's Approach to Identity Research - Sally L Archer Identity as an Aspect of Optimal Psychological Functioning - Alan S Waterman Assigned and Chosen Identity Components - Harold D Grotevant A Process Perspective on Their Integration Identity in Adolescence - Harke A Bosma Managing Commitments Intrapsychic Dimensions of Identity During Late Adolescent Experience - Jane Kroger Ethnic Identity inAdolescent Identity Formation - Carol Markstrom-Adams A process Perspective
Abstract: Introduction and Overview - Gerald R Adams The Inner Space and Beyond - Serena J Patterson, Ingrid Sochting and James E Marcia Women and Identity A Feminist's Approach to Identity Research - Sally L Archer Identity as an Aspect of Optimal Psychological Functioning - Alan S Waterman Assigned and Chosen Identity Components - Harold D Grotevant A Process Perspective on Their Integration Identity in Adolescence - Harke A Bosma Managing Commitments Intrapsychic Dimensions of Identity During Late Adolescence - Jane Kroger Ethnic Identity in Adolescence - Jean S Phinney and Doreen A Rosenthal Process, Context, and Outcome A Consideration of Intervening Factors in Adolescent Identity Formation - Carol Markstrom-Adams A Process Perspective on Identity and Stress Management - Michael D Berzonsky Ego Identity and Adolescent Problem Behavior - Randall M Jones
TL;DR: The results are taken as strong support for the claim that epistemic doubt plays a central role in shaping the course of adolescent social-cognitive development.
Abstract: This study was undertaken to evaluate the part that nascent skeptical doubt plays in shaping the course of adolescent social-cognitive development. It is argued that the intellectual changes that accompany the acquisition of formal operational competence set in motion a series of developments that seriously undermine the typical adolescent's previous sense of epistemic certainty. An epistemic model is proposed, leading to the hypothesis that, in response to such doubts, young persons adopt one of several contrasting interpretive strategies, each of which dictates much about their subsequent solutions to the problems of identity formation and commitment. To evaluate these hypotheses, 96 high school aged young people were classified as being either concrete or formal operational. Those subjects who were clearly classifiable (N=70) were administered Adams' Objective Measure of Ego identity Status and the Epistemic Doubt Interview, which permits identification of realistic, defendedly realistic, dogmatic/skeptical, and rational epistemic stances. A relationship between cognitive and epistemic development was found. Only formal operational subjects appreciated the generic nature of the doubt undermining their epistemic certainty. Predictions regarding the anticipated relation between epistemic stance and ego identity status were supported, revealing that only postrealist epistemic stances were routinely associated with membership in the moratorium or achieved identity statuses. The results are taken as strong support for the claim that epistemic doubt plays a central role in shaping the course of adolescent social-cognitive development.
Book•
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: A review of social psychological theories and empirical research on the self-concept bringing together researchers from a variety of theoretical traditions to debate current issues is presented in this article, where the authors examine the effects of social identification and group membership, the motivated historical reconstruction of self-representations, the relationship between decision-making and selfconceptualization, the role of stereotyping in selfconcept development and the way self-evaluation is reflected in social beliefs and activities.
Abstract: This volume presents state-of-the-art reviews of social psychological theories and empirical research on the self-concept bringing together researchers from a variety of theoretical traditions to debate current issues. It attempts to allow conflicting perspectives to be voiced and some syntheses to be achieved and aims to provide a framework for theorizing the self-concept which will be at the centre of research in the 1990s. The focus in the papers is upon the social and psychological processes which act to shape the structure and content of the self-concept. Contributors examine the effects of social identification and group membership, the motivated historical reconstruction of self-representations, the relationship between decision-making and self-conceptualization, the role of stereotyping in self-concept development and the way self-evaluation is reflected in social beliefs and activities. Most discuss problems in measuring the self-concept and self-evaluation and a broad range of methodologies will be described. They additionally explore how the self-concept responds to various threats of challenges emanating from the social environemnt (eg being stigmatized, for instance, as a result of breaking key social norms or intergroup hostility). Dimensions of the self-concept which will be considered directly include gender, age, ethnicity and religion.