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Showing papers on "Imaging technology published in 2010"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper reviews in vivo in vivo fluorescence imaging with a particular emphasis on its potential uses and limitations, the required instrumentation, and the possible imaging geometries and applications.
Abstract: Fluorescence sampling of cellular function is widely used in all aspects of biology, allowing the visualization of cellular and sub-cellular biological processes with spatial resolutions in the range from nanometers up to centimeters. Imaging of fluorescence in vivo has become the most commonly used radiological tool in all pre-clinical work. In the last decade, full-body pre-clinical imaging systems have emerged with a wide range of utilities and niche application areas. The range of fluorescent probes that can be excited in the visible to near-infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum continues to expand, with the most value for in vivo use being beyond the 630 nm wavelength, because the absorption of light sharply decreases. Whole-body in vivo fluorescence imaging has not yet reached a state of maturity that allows its routine use in the scope of large-scale pre-clinical studies. This is in part due to an incomplete understanding of what the actual fundamental capabilities and limitations of this imaging modality are. However, progress is continuously being made in research laboratories pushing the limits of the approach to consistently improve its performance in terms of spatial resolution, sensitivity and quantification. This paper reviews this imaging technology with a particular emphasis on its potential uses and limitations, the required instrumentation, and the possible imaging geometries and applications. A detailed account of the main commercially available systems is provided as well as some perspective relating to the future of the technology development. Although the vast majority of applications of in vivo small animal imaging are based on epi-illumination planar imaging, the future success of the method relies heavily on the design of novel imaging systems based on state-of-the-art optical technology used in conjunction with high spatial resolution structural modalities such as MRI, CT or ultrasound.

565 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The basics of clinical NIR fluorescence imaging are reviewed, the literature on clinical application of investigational devices using ICG fluorescent contrast is surveyed, and an update of non-invasive dynamic lymphatic imaging conducted with the FDPM device is provided.
Abstract: Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging clinical studies have been reported in the literature with six different devices that employ various doses of indocyanine green (ICG) as a non-specific contrast agent. To date, clinical applications range from (i) angiography, intraoperative assessment of vessel patency, and tumor/metastasis delineation following intravenous administration of ICG, and (ii) imaging lymphatic architecture and function following subcutaneous and intradermal ICG administration. In the latter case, NIR fluorescence imaging may enable new discoveries associated with lymphatic function due to (i) a unique niche that is not met by any other conventional imaging technology and (ii) its exquisite sensitivity enabling high spatial and temporal resolution. Herein, we (i) review the basics of clinical NIR fluorescence imaging, (ii) survey the literature on clinical application of investigational devices using ICG fluorescent contrast, (iii) provide an update of non-invasive dynamic lymphatic imaging conducted with our FDPM device, and finally, (iv) comment on the future NIR fluorescence imaging for non-invasive and intraoperative use given recent demonstrations showing capabilities for imaging following microdose administration of contrast agent.

318 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review will focus on those multimodality image techniques more commonly used in the field of diagnostic imaging (SPECT-CT, PET-CT) and new developments (as PET-MR); the technological innovations and development of new tracers and smart probes are the main key points that will condition multi-modality image and diagnostic imaging professionals' future.
Abstract: In multimodality imaging, the need to combine morphofunctional information can be approached by either acquiring images at different times (asynchronous), and fused them through digital image manipulation techniques or simultaneously acquiring images (synchronous) and merging them automatically. The asynchronous post-processing solution presents various constraints, mainly conditioned by the different positioning of the patient in the two scans acquired at different times in separated machines. The best solution to achieve consistency in time and space is obtained by the synchronous image acquisition. There are many multimodal technologies in molecular imaging. In this review we will focus on those multimodality image techniques more commonly used in the field of diagnostic imaging (SPECT-CT, PET-CT) and new developments (as PET-MR). The technological innovations and development of new tracers and smart probes are the main key points that will condition multimodality image and diagnostic imaging professionals' future. Although SPECT-CT and PET-CT are standard in most clinical scenarios, MR imaging has some advantages, providing excellent soft-tissue contrast and multidimensional functional, structural and morphological information. The next frontier is to develop efficient detectors and electronics systems capable of detecting two modality signals at the same time. Not only PET-MR but also MR-US or optic-PET will be introduced in clinical scenarios. Even more, MR diffusion-weighted, pharmacokinetic imaging, spectroscopy or functional BOLD imaging will merge with PET tracers to further increase molecular imaging as a relevant medical discipline. Multimodality imaging techniques will play a leading role in relevant clinical applications. The development of new diagnostic imaging research areas, mainly in the field of oncology, cardiology and neuropsychiatry, will impact the way medicine is performed today. Both clinical and experimental multimodality studies, in humans and animals, will have to demonstrate an efficient use of the imaging information provided by the modalities to affect the future of medical imaging.

122 citations


01 Jan 2010

106 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of cone beam (CB) imaging technology and its role in orofacial imaging, including comparison with two-dimensional (2D) radiography and multislice computed tomography (MCT), is provided.
Abstract: This review article provides an overview of cone beam (CB) imaging technology and its role in orofacial imaging, including comparison with two-dimensional (2D) radiography and multislice computed tomography (MCT). The radiation dose levels of CB systems are discussed, with reference to those delivered by MCT and common dental 2D views. The large variation in dose levels delivered by CB systems and the importance of using ultra low-dose CB units are emphasized. Low-dose MCT protocols can be used. CB and MCT image quality are compared. CB is an essential technique that all dental and orofacial clinicians must be familiar with. Where ultra low-dose systems and protocols are used, CB imaging should be considered in day-to-day clinical practice. However, CB imaging is not the technique of choice in many clinical scenarios. Rather than replacing other modalities, CB imaging complements intraoral 2D radiography, panoramic radiography, MCT and other techniques including magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound and nuclear medicine. MCT is a much more powerful and flexible modality and presently remains the technique of choice over CB imaging in many clinical scenarios. All radiologic examinations, including CB and MCT, should be comprehensively evaluated in entirety. The responsibilities and the radiological skill levels of clinicians involved in imaging as well as the associated ethical and medico-legal implications require consideration.

74 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Improvements in imaging technology including functional imaging such as elastography, perfusion imaging and diffusion imaging, and development of new contrast media will undoubtedly improve the detection and characterization of small tumors.
Abstract: Diagnostic confirmation and assessment of disease extent are crucial for proper management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Imaging studies play a crucial role in the diagnosis and staging of HCC The imaging techniques commonly used for the diagnosis of HCC include ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging Currently, improvements in imaging technology make a noninvasive and reliable diagnostic assessment of hepatocellular nodules possible in the cirrhotic liver Biopsy is infrequently required prior to treatment, and the diagnosis of HCC is strongly dependent on hemodynamic features (arterial hypervascularity and washout in the venous phase) on dynamic imaging Accurate staging of HCC is important in determining prognosis and in deciding optimal treatment for each patient In addition, although there is a strong demand for an accurate diagnostic tool to detect smaller tumors, until now, the major challenge for radiologists in imaging cirrhosis is the characterization of small hepatocellular nodules in the cirrhotic liver Further improvement of imaging technologies including functional imaging such as elastography, perfusion imaging and diffusion imaging, and development of new contrast media will undoubtedly improve the detection and characterization of small tumors In this article, we present a summary of the most recent information on the diagnosis and staging of HCC

55 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Spectral domain optical coherence tomography parameters useful for diagnosis of glaucoma include retinal nerve fiber layer analysis, optic nerve head analysis, and ganglion cell complex analysis that have proven to be at least as equivalent to time-domain technology in terms of diagnostic capability and superior in Terms of reproducibility.
Abstract: Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) is a relatively new imaging technology that is being used for the diagnosis and management of glaucoma. This article presents a review of the specific parameters analyzed by SD-OCT and the diagnostic capability, reproducibility, and limitations of the device. SD-OCT parameters useful for diagnosis of glaucoma include retinal nerve fiber layer analysis, optic nerve head analysis, and ganglion cell complex analysis. These parameters have proven to be at least as equivalent to time-domain technology in terms of diagnostic capability and superior in terms of reproducibility. SD-OCT technology may be limited by signal quality, image artifact, and confounding ocular disease.

51 citations


Patent
19 Feb 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented methods and systems for registering image data from two imaging modalities, to produce an image having features from both imaging technologies, in particular, the methods and system relate to intensity-based registration of the image data.
Abstract: Provided are methods and systems for registering image data from two imaging modalities, to produce an image having features from both imaging technologies. In particular, the methods and systems relate to intensity-based registration of the image data. The imaging modalities may be, for example, ultrasound and x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, or a pre-operative plan.

30 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A recently developed hand-held probe-based optical imager in the Optical Imaging Laboratory has been implemented with novel coregistration facilities toward real-time and tomographic imaging of tissue phantoms, demonstrating the possibility of improved target depth detectability in the future.
Abstract: Near-infrared optical imaging holds a promise as a noninvasive technology toward cancer diagnostics and other tissue imaging applications. In recent years, hand-held based imagers are of great interest toward the clinical translation of the technology. However hand-held imagers developed to date are typically designed to obtain surface images and not tomography information due to lack of coregistration facilities. Herein, a recently developed hand-held probe-based optical imager in our Optical Imaging Laboratory has been implemented with novel coregistration facilities toward real-time and tomographic imaging of tissue phantoms. Continuous-wave fluorescence-enhanced optical imaging studies were performed using an intensified charge coupled device camera based imaging system in order to demonstrate the feasibility of automated coregistered imaging of flat phantom surfaces, using a flexible probe that can also contour to curvatures. Three-dimensional fluorescence tomographic reconstructions were also demons...

22 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review will highlight some of the current advances in imaging that are available that will allow vascular surgeons to provide therapies in a more efficient and safe fashion.

20 citations


Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: A review of the 3D holoscopic imaging technology from the point of view optical systems and3D image processing including 3D image coding, depth map computation and computer generated graphics is discussed.
Abstract: 3D holoscopic imaging is employed as part of a three-dimensional imaging system, allowing the display of full colour images with continuous parallax within a wide viewing zone A review of the 3D holoscopic imaging technology from the point of view optical systems and 3D image processing including 3D image coding, depth map computation and computer generated graphics is discussed

01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss work in progress for the metric 3D recording and colour imaging of museum objects and the opportunities it opens up to broaden scientific knowledge about these artefacts, and explore the possibilities of integration of 3D image analysis with the daily work in a museum, tailored to conservation and curation.
Abstract: This paper will discuss work in progress for the metric 3D recording and colour imaging of museum objects and the opportunities it opens up to broaden scientific knowledge about these artefacts. The following recording technologies will be discussed and compared with regard to imaging complex objects: phase-shift laser scanning, handheld laser scanning, high-resolution 3D colour laser scanning, PTM and photogrammetry. The evaluation criteria will include resolution, accuracy, noise, colour fidelity, mobility of the sensor, and data processing chain. The paper will explore the possibilities of integration of 3D image analysis with the daily work in a museum, tailored to conservation and curation. To plan and predict results, a decision tree will be delineated suggesting one or more techniques to answer specific curatorial or conservation questions. Integration with other imaging techniques for cultural artefacts, including IR and UV photography, microscopic imaging and SEM surface recording will also be considered. Available imaging technology will be discussed keeping in mind the UK museum framework; the research focus lies on the evaluation of diverse recording technologies while producing quantitative and qualitative evidence of geometry, surface and damage. The approach will therefore develop a bridge between conservation analysis methods and engineering metrology, by closely analyzing the possibilities and limitations of imaging technologies, with the goal to lead to a comprehensive knowledge about cultural heritage artefacts.

Book ChapterDOI
05 Sep 2010
TL;DR: This paper presents a method for automated segmentation, opening substantial opportunities for 3D corneal imaging and analysis, using many hundreds of 2D slices.
Abstract: Ultra-High Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography is a novel imaging technology that allows non-invasive, high speed, cellular resolution imaging of anatomical structures in the human eye, including the retina and the cornea. A three-dimensional study of the cornea, for example, requires the segmentation and mutual alignment of a large number of two-dimensional images. Such segmentation has, until now, only been undertaken by hand for individual two-dimensional images; this paper presents a method for automated segmentation, opening substantial opportunities for 3D corneal imaging and analysis, using many hundreds of 2D slices.

Journal ArticleDOI
Maki Sugimoto1
TL;DR: In this special issue, the recent advances in visualization and imaging in the field of hepatobiliary and pancreatic sciences are featured including application of advanced visualization techniques, data management, data compression, feature extraction and some of the recent trends are discussed.
Abstract: Background/purpose Recent introduction of multi-detector CT (MDCT) and high-speed magnetic resonance (MR) imaging have dramatically advanced visualization and imaging technology in diagnostic and therapeutic strategy in hepatobiliary pancreatic disease. However, image diagnostics have progressed with a background of the essence of anatomy, pathology, and physiology. It is important to object the reflection of the patient’s condition and pathology of each disease and remove pattern recognition in what they were depicted as an image. Visualization plays another important role in various medical diagnostics. Trends in scientific visualization will depend on advancements in molecular technology and computer hardware as well as trends in engineering disciplines.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that in medical images of common origin, focal and/or penumbral blurred edges can be characterized by an estimable intensity gradient, which can further be used for dismissing false alarms.
Abstract: Edge detection in medical images has generated significant interest in the medical informatics community, especially in recent years. With the advent of imaging technology in biomedical and clinical domains, the growth in medical digital images has exceeded our capacity to analyze and store them for efficient representation and retrieval, especially for data mining applications. Medical decision support applications frequently demand the ability to identify and locate sharp discontinuities in an image for feature extraction and interpretation of image content, which can then be exploited for decision support analysis. However, due to the inherent high dimensional nature of the image content and the presence of ill-defined edges, edge detection using classical procedures is difficult, if not impossible, for sensitive and specific medical informatics-based discovery. In this paper, we propose a new edge detection technique based on the regional recursive hierarchical decomposition using quadtree and post-filtration of edges using a finite difference operator. We show that in medical images of common origin, focal and/or penumbral blurred edges can be characterized by an estimable intensity gradient. This gradient can further be used for dismissing false alarms. A detailed validation and comparison with related works on diabetic retinopathy images and CT scan images show that the proposed approach is efficient and accurate.

Patent
24 Nov 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a non-uniform distributed multi-baseline synthetic aperture radar 3D imaging method was proposed to obtain high-resolution target three-dimensional imaging results by using a missing data-based amplitude phase estimation method and maximizing mathematically expected iterative operation of observation data.
Abstract: The invention discloses a non-uniform distributed multi-baseline synthetic aperture radar three-dimensional imaging method, and relates to the three-dimensional imaging technology. The method comprises the following steps of: performing two-dimensional focusing on primary echo data obtained by flying observation at each time to obtain single-look complex images; registering sequences of the single-look complex images to acquire non-uniform sampling data of an observation target under different visual angles; removing inclination aiming at the non-uniform sampling data to perform phase modulation; then estimating a spatial spectrum of the primary uniform sampling data by using a missing data-based amplitude phase estimation method and maximizing mathematically expected iterative operation of observation data so as to implement imaging of a target height direction; and finishing three-dimensional imaging of the target by combining a two-dimensional target image obtained in two-dimensional imaging of each track. The method for performing the imaging of the height direction based on the amplitude phase estimation method reduces elevation blur caused by multi-baseline non-uniform distribution and acquires clear high-resolution target three-dimensional imaging results.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2010
TL;DR: The results show that hyper-spectral video endoscopy exhibits a large potential to become an important imaging technology for medical imaging devices that provide additional diagnostic information about the tissue under investigation.
Abstract: Modern video endoscopy systems give physicians the ability to inspect internal structures of the human body by using a camera with attached endoscope optics. Video endoscopy has become routine in clinics all over the world. Moreover, video endoscopy systems recently performed a technological change from PAL/NTSC image resolution to HDTV. There is a vast amount of literature on in-vivo and in-vitro experiments with multi-spectral point and imaging instruments. The literature demonstrates that document that the spectral information can provide valuable support for diagnosis. Due to the fact that spectral imaging equipment was too slow to acquire hyper-spectral image stacks at reasonable video rates, intra-surgery hyper-spectral measurements were limited to point measurements in the past. But the availability of fast and versatile acousto optical tunable filters (AOTF) with switching times in the microsecond range made the application of a hyper-spectral video endoscope technically feasible. This paper describes a demonstrator of a hyper-spectral video endoscope and the results of the first clinical studies. The results show that hyper-spectral video endoscopy exhibits a large potential to become an important imaging technology for medical imaging devices that provide additional diagnostic information about the tissue under investigation.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed an alternative processing strategy to replace more conventional approaches and/or to prepare the data so that they conform to the limitations of the imaging algorithm, either to replace or to adapt the data.
Abstract: Carbonate platforms in the Middle East continue to represent an important source of hydrocarbon reserves. For more than 20 years, interpretation and attribute extraction from time-based 3D seismic imaging products have been base geoscience data in this production setting. With the continuing advances in seismic imaging, geophysicists have an obvious interest in applying the most current algorithms to their projects. However, many of these carbonate reservoirs have accompanying imaging challenges that cannot be addressed solely through the application of new imaging technology. Alternative processing strategies must be considered, either to replace more conventional approaches and/or to prepare the data so that they conform to the limitations of the imaging algorithm.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
11 Feb 2010-Bios
TL;DR: The miniature microscope objective design and its anticipated performance are presented, along with its compatibility with a new spiral scanningfiber imaging technology developed at the University of Washington, which has ideal attributes for clinical use, with its small footprint, adjustable field-of-view and high spatial-resolution.
Abstract: An endoscope capable of Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) imaging would be of significant clinical value for improving early detection of endoluminal cancers. However, developing this technology is challenging for many reasons. First, nonlinear imaging techniques such as CARS are single point measurements thus requiring fast scanning in a small footprint if video rate is to be achieved. Moreover, the intrinsic nonlinearity of this modality imposes several technical constraints and limitations, mainly related to pulse and beam distortions that occur within the optical fiber and the focusing objective. Here, we describe the design and report modeling results of a new CARS endoscope. The miniature microscope objective design and its anticipated performance are presented, along with its compatibility with a new spiral scanningfiber imaging technology developed at the University of Washington. This technology has ideal attributes for clinical use, with its small footprint, adjustable field-of-view and high spatial-resolution. This compact hybrid fiber-based endoscopic CARS imaging design is anticipated to have a wide clinical applicability.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2010
TL;DR: This paper presents an investigation of scanning and detection of concealed weapons with possible applications in high risk areas like airports using a passive and non-intrusive scanning method like Infrared (IR) imaging, and combining it with a visual image.
Abstract: As the global threat of terrorism continues to escalate, finding efficient ways to ensure the safety of the public is becoming a major concern for the authorities. This paper presents an investigation of scanning and detection of concealed weapons with possible applications in high risk areas like airports. Using a passive and non-intrusive scanning method like Infrared (IR) imaging, and combining it with a visual image, we hope to devise a scheme which will be able to highlight sufficiently the presence of a concealed weapon but also protect the privacy of the person that is being scanned. As an initial phase of the investigation, this work is mainly based on various image processing and computer vision techniques. They are including: image registration, image fusion and image segmentation. The experimental results are shown to be promising but there are some limitations in terms of hardware used, adopted techniques and implementations. Some improvements including using more advanced imaging sensor, employing feature based image registration and segmenting images using advanced clustering methods could be addressed. The work is useful for human operators to determine weapons and non-weapons with the minimum false detections.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Both the theoretical deduction and actual experiment prove that the new approach is available to relax the requirement of high positioning resolution and strict circumstances so as to benefit the future commercial applications of the grating-based multiple-information imaging technology.
Abstract: High-resolution hard X-ray grating-based imaging method with conventional X-ray sources provides attenuation, refraction and scattering information synchronously, and it is regarded as the next-generation X-ray imaging technology for medical and industrial applications In this letter, a large phase-stepping approach with at least one order of magnitude lower resolution of the movement is presented to equivalently substitute the current high-positioning-resolution phase-stepping approach Both the theoretical deduction and actual experiment prove that the new approach is available to relax the requirement of high positioning resolution and strict circumstances so as to benefit the future commercial applications of the grating-based multiple-information imaging technology

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The first installment of this two-part series on molecular imaging seeks to demonstrate basic principles and illustrative examples for the uninitiated neophyte to this field.

Journal Article
TL;DR: The uses and benefits of 3-D imaging, as well as the impact on the standard of care, are discussed.
Abstract: Until the recent introduction of cone beam computed tomography scanners, standard 2-D imaging provided a moderate contribution to overall treatment planning when considering the diagnostic potential, costs of study and risks to the patient. Cone beam computed tomography-dedicated maxillofacial imaging scanners provide broader imaging tools for anatomic assessment and have become widely available. This article discusses the uses and benefits of 3-D imaging, as well as the impact on the standard of care. Many phases of patient care involve imaging to assist with diagnosis, treatment planning, risk assessment and treatment. Techniques employing X-rays, visible light, ultrasound, lasers and magnetic fields have been used in medicine and dentistry to create images. All forms of imaging require a coupled system of emitters and sensors. For example, a cephalometric image is produced using an X-ray emitter and film sensor. Imaging systems can be categorized in many different ways based upon emitter or output type (examples; film-based, digital, 2-D and 3-D images). The resultant images can be used to evaluate the anatomy of interest, including surface and subsurface. The ultimate quest of all forms of imaging is to reveal the anatomic truth; that is, to portray the anatomy as it exists in nature. Thoughtful clinical application of image acquisition requires matching the uses and limitations of the available imaging choices to achieve the desired diagnostic information (imaging goal) while keeping the risks and costs to the patient as low as possible. Imaging data must provide a benefit at an acceptable cost and risk. Two-dimensional representation of 3-D anatomies creates images that have poor spatial accuracy, are static in space and time, and contain information voids. These 2-D measurements have propagated legacy databases of inaccurate morphometric measurements. Current development in imaging technology for dentistry includes digital imaging and improved sensor technology. Multidimensional anatomical reconstruction can be performed through software applications. The ultimate reward of technological imaging advancements is the 3-D representations (digital volume) of anatomy as it exists in nature (anatomic truth). Analysis of the accurate digital volume can provide clinically relevant spatial information or data. Visualization and analysis of 3-D information can benefit a dental practice by providing data that will improve diagnosis, risk assessment, treatment outcome and treatment efficiency, and reduce treatment complications. This article discusses the uses and benefits of 3-D imaging (cone beam CT, CBCT) for diagnosis, treatment planning and the legal issues affecting the standard of care, as well as offering risk management tips and use guidance.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A gold standard data set was calculated using a pig head with attached fiducial markers for the validation of 2D/3D image registration algorithms for image guided radiotherapy, obtained with state-of-the-art imaging technology.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a new gold standard data set for the validation of 2D/3D image registration algorithms for image guided radiotherapy. A gold standard data set was calculated using a pig head with attached fiducial markers. We used several imaging modalities common in diagnostic imaging or radiotherapy which include 64-slice computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using T1, T2 and proton density (PD) sequences, and cone beam CT (CBCT) imaging data. Radiographic data were acquired using kilovoltage (kV) and megavoltage (MV) imaging techniques. The image information reflects both anatomy and reliable fiducial marker information, and improves over existing data sets by the level of anatomical detail and image data quality. The markers of three dimensional (3D) and two dimensional (2D) images were segmented using Analyze 9.0 (AnalyzeDirect, Inc) and an in-house software. The projection distance errors (PDE) and the expected target registration errors (TRE) over all the image data sets were found to be less than 1.7 mm and 1.3 mm, respectively. The gold standard data set, obtained with state-of-the-art imaging technology, has the potential to improve the validation of 2D/3D registration algorithms for image guided therapy.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
12 Jul 2010
TL;DR: An overview of 3D Holoscopic imaging technology which is used employed as part of a three-dimensional imaging system, allowing the display of full colour images with continuous parallax within a wide viewing zone is provided.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the 3D Holoscopic imaging technology which is used employed as part of a three-dimensional imaging system, allowing the display of full colour images with continuous parallax within a wide viewing zone.

Journal Article
TL;DR: It is argued that MRI SPIONs, currently limited to major research centres, will have widespread clinical use in the future.
Abstract: Contrast agents, such as iron oxide, enhance MR images by altering the relaxation times of tissues in which the agent is present. They can also be used to label targeted molecular imaging probes. Unfortunately, no molecular imaging probe is currently available on the clinical MRI market. A promising platform for MRI contrast agent development is nanotechnology, where superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONS) are tailored for MR contrast enhancement, and/or for molecular imaging. SPIONs can be produced using a range of methods and the choice of method will be influenced by the characteristics most important for a particular application. In addition, the ability to attach molecular markers to SPIONS heralds their application in molecular imaging. There are many reviews on SPION synthesis for MRI; however, these tend to be targeted to a chemistry audience. The development of MRI contrast agents attracts experienced researchers from many fields including some researchers with little knowledge of medical imaging or MRI. This situation presents medical radiation practitioners with opportunities for involvement, collaboration or leadership in research depending on their level of commitment and their ability to learn. Medical radiation practitioners already possess a large portion of the understanding, knowledge and skills necessary for involvement in MRI development and molecular imaging. Their expertise in imaging technology, patient care and radiation safety provides them with skills that are directly applicable to research on the development and application of SPIONs and MRI. In this paper we argue that MRI SPIONs, currently limited to major research centres, will have widespread clinical use in the future.

Journal ArticleDOI
Dinesh Kapoor1
TL;DR: Digitization and transfer of images in Radiodiagnosis and Imaging dates back to to early 70s with the advent of Computerized Tomography Scanning, and, subsequently sending these images to cameras and printers hooked on to the machines through a local “network”.

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: Using this technique, clinicians can know the 2-dimensional (2D) distribution of various tissues in salivary gland tumors before surgery; this information may help predict tumor characteristics, including its benign or malignant state.
Abstract: Diffusion-weighted imaging is a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technology used to measure the Brownian motion of water molecules in tissues. The technique, therefore, is expected to contribute to the evaluation of diseased states of the organs and tissues. However, due to its inherent susceptibility to motion artifacts, the clinical application of the imaging has been limited to the brain (Thoeny and De Keyzer 2007). Due to several technical innovations (particularly faster imaging techniques), diffusion-weighted imaging can now be applied to extracranial organs for imaging diagnosis (Takahara et al. 2004). Here, we describe tissue characterization of salivary gland tumors by using diffusion-weighted imaging with a surface coil. Using this technique, clinicians can know the 2-dimensional (2D) distribution of various tissues in salivary gland tumors before surgery; this information may help predict tumor characteristics, including its benign or malignant state.

Journal Article
TL;DR: A novel 2D strain imaging technology is introduced, its fundamental concepts are explained, and clinical applications with all the major advantages and limitations are discussed.
Abstract: Two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography is the most common imaging modality used to assess left ventricular (LV) myocardial function. Although the studies revealed useful conclusions, there are some limitations with the conventional measurement of ejection fraction. Two dimensional (2D) strain imaging is newer echocardiographic technique which is utilized for the evaluation of quantitative regional ventricular functions. Velocity vector imaging based- 2D strain imaging is the most recent technology with a few advantages sourced by its software. This review introduces a novel 2D strain imaging technology, explains its fundamental concepts and discusses clinical applications with all the major advantages and limitations.

Book ChapterDOI
12 Aug 2010
TL;DR: This chapter explores the existing panoramic imaging technology, proposes improved ideas and methods to the original ODVS, and achieves 360°×360° full sphere panorama image by integrating two images acquired by two symmetrical ODVSs.
Abstract: As the sensor technology and image processing technology rapidly developped, more and more scholars have paid attention to the panoramic imaging technology. Panoramic imaging technology can be applied to military, medicine, security, etc. Panoramic imaging technology has became an important research topic in the field of computer vision. There are four current methods to obtain panoramic images which are rotation imaging, multicamera imaging, fish-eye lens imaging and catadioptric imaging. This chapter explores the existing panoramic imaging technology, proposes improved ideas and methods to the original ODVS, which are average angular resolution and second catadioptric imaging technology, and achieves 360°×360° full sphere panoramic image by integrating two images acquired by two symmetrical ODVSs. Experiments confirm that this method can obtain a sphere view field and has important application value in field of video surveillance.