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Incubation

About: Incubation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5748 publications have been published within this topic receiving 126541 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results support models in which recall tests cause output interference, but incubation intervals reduce it, and the effect was seen primarily in the first retested minute.
Abstract: Reminiscence, the recall of material that was not successfully recalled on a previous attempt, was examined in three experiments as a function of the intertest (incubation) interval. Incubation intervals inserted between successive recall tests resulted in increased reminiscence, but the effect was seen primarily in the first retested minute. Neither the duration of the initial test (1–4 mm), nor the incubation activity (maze problems vs. rest) affected this incubated reminiscence effect. The results support models in which recall tests cause output interference, but incubation intervals reduce it.

58 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Hydration of tissues in hatchlings was higher when incubated was in cool, moist conditions than when incubation was in warm, dry settings, thereby indicating that some of the effects of moisture and temperature on mobilization of nutrients by embryos may be mediated by differences in intracellular water.
Abstract: Flexible-shelled eggs of common snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) were incubated on each of two substrates (vermiculite, sand) at each of three temperatures (26.0°C, 28.5°C, 31.0°C) and three moisture regimes (wet, intermediate, dry). Embryos developing in cool, wet environments mobilized the largest amounts of protein from their yolk and attained the largest size before hatching, whereas turtles developing in warm, dry environments mobilized the smallest quantities of protein and were the smallest in body size at hatching. Embryos on wet substrates mobilized more lipid from their yolk than did embryos on dry media, but ambient temperature had no demonstrable influence on patterns of lipid mobilization. The total reserve of neutral lipid available in residual yolk plus carcass to sustain neonates in the interval prior to the beginning of feeding was largest in hatchlings from dry environments and smallest in animals from wet environments, but was unaffected by temperature during incubation. Hydration of tissues in hatchlings was higher when incubation was in cool, moist conditions than when incubation was in warm, dry settings, thereby indicating that some of the effects of moisture and temperature on mobilization of nutrients by embryos may be mediated by differences in intracellular water. Patterns of response to temperature and moisture recorded for turtles emerging from eggs on sand were similar to those recorded for hatchlings on vermiculite, so no important conclusion would have been affected by incubating eggs on one medium instead of the other.

58 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that factors initiating incubation also cause the decline in E production by small follicles, which in turn may inhibit yolk sequestration in large follicles.

58 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The first study of changes in flight ability from incubation to chick rearing in birds is presented, suggesting that incubation-feeding will also reduce predation risk during the period when females face impaired flight ability.
Abstract: During the breeding season, many female passerine birds increase in body mass before egg laying, maintain a relatively high body mass during incubation, and then drop back to the original level during the chick-rearing period. The post-hatching reduction in body mass, which can be as large as 10-20%, has been suggested to represent an adaptive mass loss to reduce wing loading, thereby increasing parental flight efficiency when chicks have hatched and have to be fed. Here we present the first study of changes in flight ability from incubation to chick rearing in birds. Wild female pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca flew more slowly during incubation than during chick rearing; a 7% reduction in body mass after the chicks had hatched was associated with a 10% increase in vertical take-off speed. Furthermore, the flight muscle size of the females tracked the reduction in wing load, suggesting that muscle size was adaptively reduced when no longer needed. Since incubation-feeding by males reduces the time females have to spend outside the nest foraging, our results suggest that in addition to increasing female nutritional status and reducing incubation time, incubation-feeding will also reduce predation risk during the period when females face impaired flight ability.

58 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The experiment shows that food and temperature both affect avian incubation behaviour, but that different trade-offs apply to each environmental factor.

58 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
2023688
20221,316
2021104
2020123
2019136