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Incubation

About: Incubation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 5748 publications have been published within this topic receiving 126541 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Temperature-dependent sex-biased embryo mortality represents a novel mechanism of altering sex ratios in birds and offers a potentially unparalleled opportunity in which to investigate sex allocation theory in birds.
Abstract: Sex ratios have important evolutionary consequences and are often biased by environmental factors. The effect of developmental temperature on offspring sex ratios has been widely documented across a diverse range of taxa but has rarely been investigated in birds and mammals. However, recent field observations and artificial incubation experiments have demonstrated that the hatching sex ratio of a megapode, the Australian brush-turkey (Alectura lathami), varied with incubation temperature; more females hatched at high incubation temperatures and more males hatched at low temperatures. Here, we investigated the causes of this temperature-dependent sex-biasing system. Molecular sexing of chicks and embryos confirmed that male embryo mortality was greater at high temperatures while female embryo mortality is greater at low temperatures, with mortality in both sexes similar at intermediate incubation temperatures. Temperature-dependent sex-biased embryo mortality represents a novel mechanism of altering sex ratios in birds. This novel mechanism, coupled with the unique breeding biology of the brush-turkey, offers a potentially unparalleled opportunity in which to investigate sex allocation theory in birds.

41 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Comparisons between maternal andificial incubation demonstrated the suitability of the tested system for artificial incubation for eggs of this species, during a period of 42% of the total duration of the embryonic development.

41 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The thermal regimes in streambed substrates used by brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchell, for incubation of embryos were examined in reference and treatment (0- and 20-m riparian buffer strips) streams in a clear-cut harvested, northern temperate forest of western Newfoundland as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The thermal regimes in streambed substrates used by brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchell, for incubation of embryos were examined in reference and treatment (0- and 20-m riparian buffer strips) streams in a clear-cut harvested, northern temperate forest of western Newfoundland. In these streams, incubation habitats (redds) were primarily composed of downwelling surface waters with variable but minor mixing of upwelling groundwater. The resulting incubation temperatures were cold (<1°C) and surface water temperatures were accurate predictors of redd temperatures. Both treatment streams displayed evidence of warming in the fall and spring of the 2 years beginning the year of initial harvesting. The increase was most pronounced in the stream without a riparian buffer strip. Clear-cut harvesting with and without a riparian buffer strip altered the thermal regime of surface water and the hyporheic zone in this northern temperate forest where, in addition to salmonid incubation, many biological processes...

41 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Eggs from Lake Michigan alewives were incubated at 79 different temperatures from 42.1 to 87.0 F and survival of unfed larvae held at incubation temperatures increased from 3.8 days at 51 F to 7.6 days at 58–59 F and then decreased to 2.4 days at 80–82 F.
Abstract: Eggs from Lake Michigan alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) were incubated at 79 different temperatures from 42.1 to 87.0 F. Hatching occurred at 44.4–84.9 F and was optimum (38% hatched) at about 64 F. Incubation time varied from 15 days at 45 F to 3.7 days at 70 F and 2.1 days at 84 F. Time from start to finish of hatching ranged from 13 days at about 46 F to 2–3 days at 68–70 F and 1–2 days at 80–84 F. Survival of unfed larvae held at incubation temperatures increased from 3.8 days at 51 F to 7.6 days at 58–59 F and then decreased to 2.4 days at 80–82 F.

41 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A methodology to extract the thermal reaction norm for the embryo growth rate directly from a time series of incubation temperatures recorded within natural nests was successfully applied to the nests of the marine turtle Caretta caretta incubated on Dalyan Beach in Turkey.

41 citations


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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
20241
2023688
20221,316
2021104
2020123
2019136