scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Topic

Indentation

About: Indentation is a research topic. Over the lifetime, 13002 publications have been published within this topic receiving 340476 citations.


Papers
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
L. Cheng1, Xinyun Xia1, W. Yu1, L. E. Scriven1, William W Gerberich1 
TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived the solutions of the equations of viscoelastic deformation under the boundary conditions of flat-punch indentation of a viscous half-space.
Abstract: The indentation of standard viscoelastic solids, that is, the three-element viscoelastic material, by an axisymmetric, flat-ended indenter has been investigated theoretically. Under the boundary conditions of flat-punch indentation of a viscoelastic half-space, the solutions of the equations of viscoelastic deformation are derived for the standard viscoelastic material. Their generality resides in their inclusion of compressible as well as incompressible solids. They cover the two transient situations: flat-punch creep test and load-relaxation test. In experimental tests of their applicability, nanoindentation and microindentation probes under creep and relaxation conditions yielded a modulus from 0.1 to 1.1 GPa and viscosity from 1 to 37 Gpa · s for a crosslinked glassy polyurethane coatings. For bulk polystyrene, the values vary from 1 to 2 GPa and from 20 to 40 Gpa · s, respectively. The analysis here provides a fundamental basis for probing elastic and viscous properties of coatings with nanoindentation or microindentation tests. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 10–22, 2000

241 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, pop-in during nanoindentation, which indicates the onset of dislocation plasticity, was systematically investigated in annealed and pre-strained single crystals of nickel using spherical indenters with different tip radii.

240 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantitatively investigated the mechanical properties for the (111), (001), and (110) surfaces of Au single crystals and quantified the yield point of the three crystal orientations by measuring the stress at which initial plastic deformation occurs.
Abstract: Using the interfacial force microscope in an indentation mode, we have quantitatively investigated the mechanical properties for the (111), (001), and (110) surfaces of Au single crystals. Nanoscale indentations of wide, atomically flat terraces provide a measure of the nanomechanical properties of Au in the absence of bulk and surface defects. The elastic indentation modulus for the (111) surface was found to be 36% greater than for the (001) and 3% greater than for the (110) surfaces. These results are compared to earlier theoretical predictions of the effect of anisotropy on indentation based on continuum mechanics and atomistic simulations. Additionally, we have quantified the yield point of the three crystal orientations by measuring the stress at which initial plastic deformation occurs. By resolving the applied stresses on {111} slip planes, we have estimated maximum shear stresses at the yield point. For each orientation, plastic deformation occurred when the maximum resolved shear stress reached approximately 1.8 GPa on all {111} planes that appeared to contribute to deformation. Based on this estimate, we propose that the critical resolved shear stress for plastic indentation of Au is 1.8 GPa and that the yield criterion is that this stress be attained on all {111} slip planes noncoplanar with the surface.

240 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, energy-based considerations on the inelastic surface deformation of brittle materials are conducted, where the hysteresis loop energy Ur which is dissipated during the indentation loading-unloading cycle is related to the true hardness H, apparent hardness H, and the work-of-indentation Γ 1.
Abstract: Energy-based considerations on the inelastic surface deformation of brittle materials are conducted. The hysteresis loop energy Ur which is dissipated during the indentation loading-unloading cycle is related to the true hardness H, apparent hardness H , and the work-of-indentation Γ1. The true hardness has its energy-derived meaning of the irreversible energy consumption to create a unit volume of the indentation impression of ideally plastic materials. The relationships between Ur and the three-half power of indentation load P 3 2 , and between Ur and the volume of the indentation impression V1 are used to separate the plastic contribution from the complicated plastic/elastic surface deformation processes in indentation hardness tests. The linear relationship of Ur vs P 3 2 provides an important experimental technique for determining the true hardness H of brittle materials. The linear relationship of Ur vs V1 is available to the experimental determination of Γ1. The mechanical and physical meanings of the conventional Vickers indentation hardness of brittle materials are also addressed in relation to H, H and Γ1.

239 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An atomic force microscope (AFM) with a specially prepared diamond tip was used to measure indentation hardness with an indentation depth as low as 1 nm as discussed by the authors, which is much smaller than the depth of more than 20 nm that have been reported to date.
Abstract: An atomic force microscope (AFM), with a specially prepared diamond tip, has been modified to measure indentation hardness with an indentation depth as low as 1 nm. This indentation depth is much smaller than the depth of more than 20 nm that have been reported to date. The AFM indentation technique allows the hardness measurements of surface monolayers and ultrathin films in multilayered structures at very shallow depths and low loads. The nanoindentation hardness of single crystal silicon is measured using this technique. A subtraction technique is also described which allows the actual hardness measurements of rough surfaces such as magnetic thin film rigid disks.

239 citations


Network Information
Related Topics (5)
Microstructure
148.6K papers, 2.2M citations
89% related
Ultimate tensile strength
129.2K papers, 2.1M citations
89% related
Coating
379.8K papers, 3.1M citations
86% related
Thin film
275.5K papers, 4.5M citations
82% related
Finite element method
178.6K papers, 3M citations
82% related
Performance
Metrics
No. of papers in the topic in previous years
YearPapers
2023517
20221,124
2021457
2020510
2019566
2018526